Education, training and skills
Key indicators
Selected geographical area: Canada
-
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 with a college or university credential - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)57.5% -
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 with a bachelor’s degree or higher - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)32.9%
More education, training and skills indicators
Selected geographical area: Canada
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Percentage point change in adults aged 25 to 64 with a bachelor’s degree or higher - Canada
(2016 to 2021)4.3
(period-to-period change) -
Overqualification rate of immigrants aged 25 to 64 with a degree completed outside Canada - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)25.8%
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All (16)
All (16) (0 to 10 of 16 results)
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301100001Description: The fast-growing number of international students have generated strong public interest and concerns about their impacts on Canada’s educational institutions, labour market, and affordable housing. Fully understanding such impacts requires better knowledge of their school enrollment and labour force participation. Using temporary resident permit data from the Longitudinal Immigration Database and tax data from the Longitudinal Worker File, this article sheds light on the activities and sociodemographic characteristics of postsecondary study permit holders who were not enrolled in publicly funded postsecondary education institutions.Release date: 2023-11-22
- 2. The effect of parents’ education and income on the educational attainment of childhood immigrantsArticles and reports: 36-28-0001202300900002Description: Many immigrants move to countries such as Canada in part to provide better educational and economic opportunities for their children. For its part, Canada also looks to immigrants and their children to provide higher-level skills to the labour market. This paper examines the effect of the mother’s and father’s education on the likelihood of a childhood immigrant who arrived in Canada at age 17 or younger, completing postsecondary education. The paper further determines whether there is significant variation in these relationships among immigrants from different source regions.Release date: 2023-09-27
- Articles and reports: 81-595-M2022002Description: To understand the heterogeneity of post-migration labour market and educational outcomes, this article focuses on immigrants who completed post-secondary education or apprenticeship training post-admission to Canada. It uses data on immigrants who were admitted in 2010 and 2011 through an economic immigration stream, studying those admitted as principal applicants with no prior temporary permits (such as work or study permits) seven years after admission. Understanding the pathways and outcomes of this group can allow a better understanding of the labour market integration of immigrants, and the impact that Canadian education can have on their economic outcomes.Release date: 2023-08-28
- 4. Canadian postsecondary education and labour market outcomes of 2010 economic immigrants to CanadaArticles and reports: 81-595-M2023003Description: Using the Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) integrated with the Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) and the T1 Family File (T1FF), this study explores the Canadian postsecondary educational attainment and employment income of immigrants from the “economic immigrant” programs who were granted permanent residency based on their ability to contribute to the Canadian economy. The analysis compares the skilled immigrants who returned to postsecondary education after admission to Canada to those who did not return to postsecondary education and explores their potential difficulty to transfer their educational qualifications onto the Canadian labour market.Release date: 2023-08-15
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300500003Description: The selection of highly educated immigrants is based in part on the premise that they can better adapt to the labour market and will have, on average, better economic outcomes than less-educated immigrants. Earlier research indicates that this is the case. However, some university-educated immigrants have a slow start in the initial years after immigration. Little Canadian research has considered whether these immigrants eventually catch up with similarly educated immigrants who have early economic success. Likewise, it is unknown whether they outperform less-educated immigrants. Using the Longitudinal Immigration Database, this study looks at the long-term economic outcomes of university-educated economic principal applicant immigrants who immigrated at the ages of 20 to 44 during the period from 1990 to 2014 by their earnings level in the initial years after immigration.Release date: 2023-05-24
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200200004Description:
Although international students are increasingly considered a pool of skilled individuals to be encouraged for permanent residency and participation in the Canadian labour market, the role of Canadian study in economic outcomes after immigration is not well understood. To this end, this article examines the relationship between pre-immigration study in Canada and post-immigration earnings.
Release date: 2022-02-23 - Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200100002Description:
Attention surrounding differences in the pathways to permanent residency for lower- and higher-skilled temporary foreign workers has increased, particularly as the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the contribution of lower-skilled temporary foreign workers in essential industrial sectors. This article examines the skill distribution of temporary foreign workers and their transition to permanent residency by skill level.
Release date: 2022-01-26 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020016Description:
In both Canada and the United States, immigrants constitute a disproportionately large share of the supply of university-educated labour trained in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. This article examines the Canada–U.S. differences in the occupational skill utilization and earnings of STEM-educated immigrant workers. Using data from the 2016 Census for Canada and the combined 2015 to 2017 American Community Survey, this analysis focuses on immigrants with a university degree in a STEM field who were aged 25 to 64 and arrived as adults.
Release date: 2020-09-28 - Articles and reports: 75-006-X202000100004Description:
Using integrated data from the 2006 and 2016 censuses, this study examines persistent overqualification over time among immigrants and non-immigrants. More specifically, the study examines the link between various characteristics associated with immigration and the probability of overqualification in both 2006 and 2016.
Release date: 2020-09-02 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2019021Description:
Canada was the first country to introduce private sponsorship, and the program has played a key role in the country’s responses to international refugee crises over the last four decades. Private sponsorship has been regarded as a promising policy option for other major Western countries in their commitments to refugee resettlement. However, empirical evidence regarding the economic outcomes of refugee private sponsorship is notably limited. To fill this gap, this paper examined the long-term economic outcomes of privately sponsored refugees (PSRs) with various human capital levels in Canada. It addressed two questions. First, how do the economic outcomes of PSRs compare with those of government-assisted refugees (GARs) in the initial resettlement period and over the longer term? Second, do the economic outcomes of PSRs vary by the refugees’ initial levels of human capital (official language skills and education)?
Release date: 2020-01-13
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Analysis (16)
Analysis (16) (0 to 10 of 16 results)
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301100001Description: The fast-growing number of international students have generated strong public interest and concerns about their impacts on Canada’s educational institutions, labour market, and affordable housing. Fully understanding such impacts requires better knowledge of their school enrollment and labour force participation. Using temporary resident permit data from the Longitudinal Immigration Database and tax data from the Longitudinal Worker File, this article sheds light on the activities and sociodemographic characteristics of postsecondary study permit holders who were not enrolled in publicly funded postsecondary education institutions.Release date: 2023-11-22
- 2. The effect of parents’ education and income on the educational attainment of childhood immigrantsArticles and reports: 36-28-0001202300900002Description: Many immigrants move to countries such as Canada in part to provide better educational and economic opportunities for their children. For its part, Canada also looks to immigrants and their children to provide higher-level skills to the labour market. This paper examines the effect of the mother’s and father’s education on the likelihood of a childhood immigrant who arrived in Canada at age 17 or younger, completing postsecondary education. The paper further determines whether there is significant variation in these relationships among immigrants from different source regions.Release date: 2023-09-27
- Articles and reports: 81-595-M2022002Description: To understand the heterogeneity of post-migration labour market and educational outcomes, this article focuses on immigrants who completed post-secondary education or apprenticeship training post-admission to Canada. It uses data on immigrants who were admitted in 2010 and 2011 through an economic immigration stream, studying those admitted as principal applicants with no prior temporary permits (such as work or study permits) seven years after admission. Understanding the pathways and outcomes of this group can allow a better understanding of the labour market integration of immigrants, and the impact that Canadian education can have on their economic outcomes.Release date: 2023-08-28
- 4. Canadian postsecondary education and labour market outcomes of 2010 economic immigrants to CanadaArticles and reports: 81-595-M2023003Description: Using the Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) integrated with the Postsecondary Student Information System (PSIS) and the T1 Family File (T1FF), this study explores the Canadian postsecondary educational attainment and employment income of immigrants from the “economic immigrant” programs who were granted permanent residency based on their ability to contribute to the Canadian economy. The analysis compares the skilled immigrants who returned to postsecondary education after admission to Canada to those who did not return to postsecondary education and explores their potential difficulty to transfer their educational qualifications onto the Canadian labour market.Release date: 2023-08-15
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300500003Description: The selection of highly educated immigrants is based in part on the premise that they can better adapt to the labour market and will have, on average, better economic outcomes than less-educated immigrants. Earlier research indicates that this is the case. However, some university-educated immigrants have a slow start in the initial years after immigration. Little Canadian research has considered whether these immigrants eventually catch up with similarly educated immigrants who have early economic success. Likewise, it is unknown whether they outperform less-educated immigrants. Using the Longitudinal Immigration Database, this study looks at the long-term economic outcomes of university-educated economic principal applicant immigrants who immigrated at the ages of 20 to 44 during the period from 1990 to 2014 by their earnings level in the initial years after immigration.Release date: 2023-05-24
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200200004Description:
Although international students are increasingly considered a pool of skilled individuals to be encouraged for permanent residency and participation in the Canadian labour market, the role of Canadian study in economic outcomes after immigration is not well understood. To this end, this article examines the relationship between pre-immigration study in Canada and post-immigration earnings.
Release date: 2022-02-23 - Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200100002Description:
Attention surrounding differences in the pathways to permanent residency for lower- and higher-skilled temporary foreign workers has increased, particularly as the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the contribution of lower-skilled temporary foreign workers in essential industrial sectors. This article examines the skill distribution of temporary foreign workers and their transition to permanent residency by skill level.
Release date: 2022-01-26 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2020016Description:
In both Canada and the United States, immigrants constitute a disproportionately large share of the supply of university-educated labour trained in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. This article examines the Canada–U.S. differences in the occupational skill utilization and earnings of STEM-educated immigrant workers. Using data from the 2016 Census for Canada and the combined 2015 to 2017 American Community Survey, this analysis focuses on immigrants with a university degree in a STEM field who were aged 25 to 64 and arrived as adults.
Release date: 2020-09-28 - Articles and reports: 75-006-X202000100004Description:
Using integrated data from the 2006 and 2016 censuses, this study examines persistent overqualification over time among immigrants and non-immigrants. More specifically, the study examines the link between various characteristics associated with immigration and the probability of overqualification in both 2006 and 2016.
Release date: 2020-09-02 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2019021Description:
Canada was the first country to introduce private sponsorship, and the program has played a key role in the country’s responses to international refugee crises over the last four decades. Private sponsorship has been regarded as a promising policy option for other major Western countries in their commitments to refugee resettlement. However, empirical evidence regarding the economic outcomes of refugee private sponsorship is notably limited. To fill this gap, this paper examined the long-term economic outcomes of privately sponsored refugees (PSRs) with various human capital levels in Canada. It addressed two questions. First, how do the economic outcomes of PSRs compare with those of government-assisted refugees (GARs) in the initial resettlement period and over the longer term? Second, do the economic outcomes of PSRs vary by the refugees’ initial levels of human capital (official language skills and education)?
Release date: 2020-01-13
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