Personal and household taxation

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All (16) (0 to 10 of 16 results)

  • Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301100004
    Description: There is considerable policy interest in engaging hard-to-reach populations in Canada and integrating them into the tax system so they can receive the benefits intended to support them. Using the Longitudinal Immigration Database, this study provides insights into the tax-filing behaviour of newly landed immigrants and their families over time in Canada.
    Release date: 2023-11-22

  • Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200200002
    Description:

    A Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) is a tax-deductible savings vehicle designed to encourage people to save for their retirement. Contributions are made with pre-tax income, and taxation is deferred to the time when funds are withdrawn, typically in retirement when marginal tax rates are otherwise low, resulting in tax savings over the life cycle. However, RRSP funds do not lock in and there are no early withdrawal penalties by the tax system, which means pre-retirement withdrawals are frequent. This prevalence of pre-retirement RRSP withdrawals raises the question of what reasons, aside from retirement planning, lead people to use these plans. To explore this issue, new research by Statistics Canada and the Retirement and Savings Institute (RSI) at HEC Montréal considers how a person’s financial literacy affects the timing of contributions to and withdrawals from RRSPs.

    Release date: 2022-02-23

  • Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100500002
    Description:

    The financial resources available to families with young children are an important factor affecting child development, and they can have long-term impacts on socioeconomic outcomes in adulthood.

    This article summarizes the findings of a new study using Statistic Canada’s data and analyzes the effects of expanding child tax benefits on after-tax income among single mothers, in the context of the 2015 reform to the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB) and the 2016 introduction of the Canada Child Benefit (CCB).

    Release date: 2021-05-26

  • Articles and reports: 75F0002M2019008
    Description:

    The primary objective of this study is to describe the general income trends pre- and post-release for veterans released from the regular forces since 1998. It also provides some directions for future work. This study is part of the Life After Service Studies (LASS) research program. LASS is a partnership between Veterans Affairs Canada, the Department of National Defence and Statistics Canada. For this income study, information on veterans was linked to the T1 Family File (income data on tax filers and their family) produced by Statistics Canada.

    Release date: 2019-08-28

  • Notices and consultations: 75F0002M2019006
    Description:

    In 2018, Statistics Canada released two new data tables with estimates of effective tax and transfer rates for individual tax filers and census families. These estimates are derived from the Longitudinal Administrative Databank. This publication provides a detailed description of the methods used to derive the estimates of effective tax and transfer rates.

    Release date: 2019-04-16

  • Articles and reports: 11F0019M2018410
    Description:

    This paper investigates the extent to which older Canadian taxfilers, aged 60 to 69, respond to predictable changes in marginal tax rates created by the tax and transfer system by exhibiting sorting behaviour in taxable income.

    Using administrative tax data for the years from 2001 to 2012, the analysis assesses how individuals respond to changes in marginal tax rates created at the lower bounds of the second, third and fourth federal tax brackets; the lower bounds of the second and third provincial and territorial tax brackets; and the thresholds at which the Old Age Security and Employment Insurance benefits start being clawed back through recovery taxes.

    Release date: 2018-11-19

  • Articles and reports: 11-633-X2018012
    Description:

    This study investigates the extent to which income tax reassessments and delayed tax filing affect the reliability of Canadian administrative tax datasets used for economic analysis. The study is based on individual income tax records from the T1 Personal Master File and Historical Personal Master File for selected years from 1990 to 2010. These datasets contain tax records for approximately 100% of initial and all income tax filers, who submitted returns to the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) before specific processing cut-off dates.

    Release date: 2018-01-11

  • Articles and reports: 11F0019M2017400
    Description:

    Despite a large literature estimating the effects of income taxation on the labour decisions of young and middle-aged workers, little is known about the extent to which older workers respond to changes in their income taxes. This paper explores this unresolved empirical issue, using longitudinal administrative data on more than one million individuals from Canada and exploiting a recent tax reform in the empirical identification strategy that explicitly targeted older couples. The findings offer new insight into the “black box” of intra-household labour supply and inform the optimal designs of income tax and retirement income systems.

    Release date: 2017-11-23

  • Articles and reports: 75-001-X200710913194
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    No agreed-upon definition exists of what constitutes high income, either in dollar cut-offs or as a percentage of the population. Researchers have used widely varying methods, producing widely varying outcomes. This paper presents various criteria for defining high income and looks at some of the characteristics and behaviours of high-income taxfilers under these definitions. Income taxes paid and effective tax rates are also examined.

    Release date: 2007-12-19

  • Articles and reports: 75F0002M2007006
    Description:

    This study uses administrative tax data and the Survey of Financial Security to explore trends in the number and characteristics of high-income Canadians, as well as their wealth and effective income tax rates, from 1982 to 2004. The paper uses a range of thresholds to delineate high income and emphasizes statistics on the top 5%, 1%, 0.1% and 0.01% of tax filers.

    The study found that an individual income of $89,000 was needed to be counted among the top 5% if income recipients in 2004. A family income of $154,000 would place one in the top 5% of families. The growth in incomes at the high end has been quite rapid while incomes of the majority of the population remained stable. Compared with the U.S., Canada had significantly fewer high-income recipients in 2004, and their incomes were considerably less. Higher-income individuals tend to be middle aged married males that live in the larger urban centres. While women have made up a larger portion on the top 5% of tax filers since 1982, they have not made gains in the very highest income groups. High income Canadians have roughly the same share of total wealth as they do of total income.

    High income Canadians, in line with an increasing share of total income, have been paying an increasing share of total personal income taxes. Their share of total income increased from 21% to 25% between 1992 and 2004 while their share of income taxes paid increased from 30% to 36%. At the same time their effective tax rate dropped from 29% to 27%. Thus despite lower tax rates the increase in incomes was large enough, when combined with the progressive tax system, to result in an increased share of total taxes paid by high income Canadians. There is considerable heterogeneity in effective tax rates at the individual level with some high income individuals facing an effective tax rate of over 45%, while some pay as little as 10%. The proportion of tax filers, across the income distribution, who pay zero taxes decreased between 1992 and 2004.

    Release date: 2007-09-24
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Analysis (15)

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  • Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202301100004
    Description: There is considerable policy interest in engaging hard-to-reach populations in Canada and integrating them into the tax system so they can receive the benefits intended to support them. Using the Longitudinal Immigration Database, this study provides insights into the tax-filing behaviour of newly landed immigrants and their families over time in Canada.
    Release date: 2023-11-22

  • Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202200200002
    Description:

    A Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) is a tax-deductible savings vehicle designed to encourage people to save for their retirement. Contributions are made with pre-tax income, and taxation is deferred to the time when funds are withdrawn, typically in retirement when marginal tax rates are otherwise low, resulting in tax savings over the life cycle. However, RRSP funds do not lock in and there are no early withdrawal penalties by the tax system, which means pre-retirement withdrawals are frequent. This prevalence of pre-retirement RRSP withdrawals raises the question of what reasons, aside from retirement planning, lead people to use these plans. To explore this issue, new research by Statistics Canada and the Retirement and Savings Institute (RSI) at HEC Montréal considers how a person’s financial literacy affects the timing of contributions to and withdrawals from RRSPs.

    Release date: 2022-02-23

  • Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100500002
    Description:

    The financial resources available to families with young children are an important factor affecting child development, and they can have long-term impacts on socioeconomic outcomes in adulthood.

    This article summarizes the findings of a new study using Statistic Canada’s data and analyzes the effects of expanding child tax benefits on after-tax income among single mothers, in the context of the 2015 reform to the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB) and the 2016 introduction of the Canada Child Benefit (CCB).

    Release date: 2021-05-26

  • Articles and reports: 75F0002M2019008
    Description:

    The primary objective of this study is to describe the general income trends pre- and post-release for veterans released from the regular forces since 1998. It also provides some directions for future work. This study is part of the Life After Service Studies (LASS) research program. LASS is a partnership between Veterans Affairs Canada, the Department of National Defence and Statistics Canada. For this income study, information on veterans was linked to the T1 Family File (income data on tax filers and their family) produced by Statistics Canada.

    Release date: 2019-08-28

  • Articles and reports: 11F0019M2018410
    Description:

    This paper investigates the extent to which older Canadian taxfilers, aged 60 to 69, respond to predictable changes in marginal tax rates created by the tax and transfer system by exhibiting sorting behaviour in taxable income.

    Using administrative tax data for the years from 2001 to 2012, the analysis assesses how individuals respond to changes in marginal tax rates created at the lower bounds of the second, third and fourth federal tax brackets; the lower bounds of the second and third provincial and territorial tax brackets; and the thresholds at which the Old Age Security and Employment Insurance benefits start being clawed back through recovery taxes.

    Release date: 2018-11-19

  • Articles and reports: 11-633-X2018012
    Description:

    This study investigates the extent to which income tax reassessments and delayed tax filing affect the reliability of Canadian administrative tax datasets used for economic analysis. The study is based on individual income tax records from the T1 Personal Master File and Historical Personal Master File for selected years from 1990 to 2010. These datasets contain tax records for approximately 100% of initial and all income tax filers, who submitted returns to the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) before specific processing cut-off dates.

    Release date: 2018-01-11

  • Articles and reports: 11F0019M2017400
    Description:

    Despite a large literature estimating the effects of income taxation on the labour decisions of young and middle-aged workers, little is known about the extent to which older workers respond to changes in their income taxes. This paper explores this unresolved empirical issue, using longitudinal administrative data on more than one million individuals from Canada and exploiting a recent tax reform in the empirical identification strategy that explicitly targeted older couples. The findings offer new insight into the “black box” of intra-household labour supply and inform the optimal designs of income tax and retirement income systems.

    Release date: 2017-11-23

  • Articles and reports: 75-001-X200710913194
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    No agreed-upon definition exists of what constitutes high income, either in dollar cut-offs or as a percentage of the population. Researchers have used widely varying methods, producing widely varying outcomes. This paper presents various criteria for defining high income and looks at some of the characteristics and behaviours of high-income taxfilers under these definitions. Income taxes paid and effective tax rates are also examined.

    Release date: 2007-12-19

  • Articles and reports: 75F0002M2007006
    Description:

    This study uses administrative tax data and the Survey of Financial Security to explore trends in the number and characteristics of high-income Canadians, as well as their wealth and effective income tax rates, from 1982 to 2004. The paper uses a range of thresholds to delineate high income and emphasizes statistics on the top 5%, 1%, 0.1% and 0.01% of tax filers.

    The study found that an individual income of $89,000 was needed to be counted among the top 5% if income recipients in 2004. A family income of $154,000 would place one in the top 5% of families. The growth in incomes at the high end has been quite rapid while incomes of the majority of the population remained stable. Compared with the U.S., Canada had significantly fewer high-income recipients in 2004, and their incomes were considerably less. Higher-income individuals tend to be middle aged married males that live in the larger urban centres. While women have made up a larger portion on the top 5% of tax filers since 1982, they have not made gains in the very highest income groups. High income Canadians have roughly the same share of total wealth as they do of total income.

    High income Canadians, in line with an increasing share of total income, have been paying an increasing share of total personal income taxes. Their share of total income increased from 21% to 25% between 1992 and 2004 while their share of income taxes paid increased from 30% to 36%. At the same time their effective tax rate dropped from 29% to 27%. Thus despite lower tax rates the increase in incomes was large enough, when combined with the progressive tax system, to result in an increased share of total taxes paid by high income Canadians. There is considerable heterogeneity in effective tax rates at the individual level with some high income individuals facing an effective tax rate of over 45%, while some pay as little as 10%. The proportion of tax filers, across the income distribution, who pay zero taxes decreased between 1992 and 2004.

    Release date: 2007-09-24

  • Articles and reports: 75-001-X200611013172
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Using tax data, this paper examines earnings instability among lone parents, unattached individuals, and two-parent families over the past two decades. When income tax effects and main sources of income were considered, no strong evidence of a widespread increase in instability was found. Government transfers play a particularly important role in reducing the earnings instability of lone mothers and unattached individuals

    Release date: 2006-12-20
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Reference (1) ((1 result))

  • Notices and consultations: 75F0002M2019006
    Description:

    In 2018, Statistics Canada released two new data tables with estimates of effective tax and transfer rates for individual tax filers and census families. These estimates are derived from the Longitudinal Administrative Databank. This publication provides a detailed description of the methods used to derive the estimates of effective tax and transfer rates.

    Release date: 2019-04-16
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