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  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X201700014758
    Description: Several Canadian jurisdictions including Ontario are using patient-based healthcare data in their funding models. These initiatives can influence the quality of this data both positively and negatively as people tend to pay more attention to the data and its quality when financial decisions are based upon it. Ontario’s funding formula uses data from several national databases housed at the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI). These databases provide information on patient activity and clinical status across the continuum of care. As funding models may influence coding behaviour, CIHI is collaborating with the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care to assess and monitor the quality of this data. CIHI is using data mining software and modelling techniques (that are often associated with “big data”) to identify data anomalies across multiple factors. The models identify what the “typical” clinical coding patterns are for key patient groups (for example, patients seen in special care units or discharged to home care), so that outliers can be identified, where patients do not fit the expected pattern. A key component of the modelling is segmenting the data based on patient, provider and hospital characteristics to take into account key differences in the delivery of health care and patient populations across the province. CIHI’s analysis identified several hospitals with coding practices that appear to be changing or significantly different from their peer group. Further investigation is required to understand why these differences exist and to develop appropriate strategies to mitigate variations.
    Release date: 2016-03-24

  • Articles and reports: 82-003-X201600114307
    Description:

    Using the 2012 Aboriginal Peoples Survey, this study examined the psychometric properties of the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (a short measure of non-specific psychological distress) for First Nations people living off reserve, Métis, and Inuit aged 15 or older.

    Release date: 2016-01-20

  • Articles and reports: 82-003-X201000411391
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This analysis uses data from the Cognition Module of the 2009 Canadian Community Health Survey - Healthy Aging to validate a categorization of levels of cognitive functioning in the household population aged 45 or older.

    Release date: 2010-12-15

  • Articles and reports: 12-001-X20050018083
    Description:

    The advent of computerized record linkage methodology has facilitated the conduct of cohort mortality studies in which exposure data in one database are electronically linked with mortality data from another database. This, however, introduces linkage errors due to mismatching an individual from one database with a different individual from the other database. In this article, the impact of linkage errors on estimates of epidemiological indicators of risk such as standardized mortality ratios and relative risk regression model parameters is explored. It is shown that the observed and expected number of deaths are affected in opposite direction and, as a result, these indicators can be subject to bias and additional variability in the presence of linkage errors.

    Release date: 2005-07-21

  • Articles and reports: 62F0026M2005003
    Description:

    The Food Expenditure Survey (FES) is a periodic survey collecting data from households on food spending habits. Data are collected mainly using weekly diaries of purchases that the respondents must fill in daily during two consecutive weeks.

    The FES, like all surveys, is subject to error despite all the precautions taken at the various stages of the survey to control them. Although there is no exhaustive measure of a survey's data quality, certain quality measures taken at various stages of the survey can provide the user with relevant information to ensure sound data interpretation.

    This paper presents, for the 2001 FES, the following quality indicators the coefficients of variation, the non-response rates, the vacancy rates, the slippage rates, the imputation rates as well the impacts of imputation on the estimates.

    Release date: 2005-07-08

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016251
    Description:

    This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.This paper provides an initial look at the performance indicators of statistical agencies in the United States in order to offer a framework for benchmarking performance. As shown by this paper, several agencies have taken extremely different approaches in measuring their performance, both in terms of what they are measuring and how they are measuring it. Sharing this information is the first step toward making these measures more robust and comparable across all US agencies and international statistics offices.

    Release date: 2002-09-12

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016261
    Description:

    This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.

    The Economic Directorate of the United States Bureau of the Census conducts a number of surveys designed to provide estimates for several sectors of the economy, including Mining, Manufacturing, Wholesale and Retail Trade, and Services. Most of these programs rely on probability samples to represent the specific target populations. The true populations are constantly changing; there are entries, exits, organizational changes, and classification changes. To assure that our samples remain representative of the changing populations, sample maintenance procedures have been developed and implemented. One significant part of sample maintenance is accounting for births and population entries. This paper presents and contrasts the sample maintenance procedures for births and entries currently in place for the various sectors.

    Release date: 2002-09-12

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016286
    Description:

    This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.

    It is customary for statistical agencies to audit tables containing suppressed cells in order to ensure that there is sufficient protection against inadvertent disclosure of sensitive information. If the table contains rounded values, this fact may be ignored by the audit procedure. This oversight can result in over-protection, reducing the utility of the published data. This paper provides correct auditing formulation and gives examples of over-protection.

    Release date: 2002-09-12

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016302
    Description:

    This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.

    This session provides three more contributions to the continuing discussion concerning the national statistics offices' response to the topic of quality -in particular, the subtopic of communicating quality. These three papers make the important and necessary assumption that national statistical offices have an obligation to report the limitations of the data; users should know and understand those limitations; and, as a result of understanding the limitations, users ought to be able to determine whether the data are fit for their purposes.

    Release date: 2002-09-12

  • Articles and reports: 11F0019M2001166
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This study assesses two potential problems with respect to the reporting of Employment Insurance (EI) and Social Assistance (SA) benefits in the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID): (a) under-reporting of the monthly number of beneficiaries; and (b) a tendency to incorrectly report receiving benefits throughout the year, while in fact benefits may have been received only in certain months, leading to artificial spikes in the January starts and December terminations of benefit spells (seam effect). The results of the analysis show the following:

    (1) The rate of under-reporting of EI in SLID is about 15%. Although it varies by month (from 0% to 30%), it is fairly stable from year to year.

    (2) There are significant spikes in the number of January starts and December terminations of EI benefit spells. However, the spikes in January starts appear to represent a real phenomenon, rather than a seam problem. They mirror closely the pattern of establishment of new EI claims (the latter increase significantly in January as a result of the decline in employment following the Christmas peak demand). There are no corresponding statistics for EI claim terminations to assess the nature of December spikes.

    (3) The rate of under-reporting of SA in SLID is about 50%, significantly greater than for EI. The rate of under-reporting goes down to about 20% to 30%, if we assume that those who received SA, but did not report in which months they received benefits, received benefits throughout the year.

    (4) There are large spikes in the number of January starts and December terminations. As in the case of EI, the SA could reflect a real phenomenon. After all, SA starts and terminations are affected by labour market conditions, in the same way EI starts and terminations are affected. However, the SA spikes are much larger than the EI spikes, which increases the probability that, at least in part, are due to a seam effect.

    Release date: 2001-09-11
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Analysis (12)

Analysis (12) (0 to 10 of 12 results)

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X201700014758
    Description: Several Canadian jurisdictions including Ontario are using patient-based healthcare data in their funding models. These initiatives can influence the quality of this data both positively and negatively as people tend to pay more attention to the data and its quality when financial decisions are based upon it. Ontario’s funding formula uses data from several national databases housed at the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI). These databases provide information on patient activity and clinical status across the continuum of care. As funding models may influence coding behaviour, CIHI is collaborating with the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care to assess and monitor the quality of this data. CIHI is using data mining software and modelling techniques (that are often associated with “big data”) to identify data anomalies across multiple factors. The models identify what the “typical” clinical coding patterns are for key patient groups (for example, patients seen in special care units or discharged to home care), so that outliers can be identified, where patients do not fit the expected pattern. A key component of the modelling is segmenting the data based on patient, provider and hospital characteristics to take into account key differences in the delivery of health care and patient populations across the province. CIHI’s analysis identified several hospitals with coding practices that appear to be changing or significantly different from their peer group. Further investigation is required to understand why these differences exist and to develop appropriate strategies to mitigate variations.
    Release date: 2016-03-24

  • Articles and reports: 82-003-X201600114307
    Description:

    Using the 2012 Aboriginal Peoples Survey, this study examined the psychometric properties of the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (a short measure of non-specific psychological distress) for First Nations people living off reserve, Métis, and Inuit aged 15 or older.

    Release date: 2016-01-20

  • Articles and reports: 82-003-X201000411391
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This analysis uses data from the Cognition Module of the 2009 Canadian Community Health Survey - Healthy Aging to validate a categorization of levels of cognitive functioning in the household population aged 45 or older.

    Release date: 2010-12-15

  • Articles and reports: 12-001-X20050018083
    Description:

    The advent of computerized record linkage methodology has facilitated the conduct of cohort mortality studies in which exposure data in one database are electronically linked with mortality data from another database. This, however, introduces linkage errors due to mismatching an individual from one database with a different individual from the other database. In this article, the impact of linkage errors on estimates of epidemiological indicators of risk such as standardized mortality ratios and relative risk regression model parameters is explored. It is shown that the observed and expected number of deaths are affected in opposite direction and, as a result, these indicators can be subject to bias and additional variability in the presence of linkage errors.

    Release date: 2005-07-21

  • Articles and reports: 62F0026M2005003
    Description:

    The Food Expenditure Survey (FES) is a periodic survey collecting data from households on food spending habits. Data are collected mainly using weekly diaries of purchases that the respondents must fill in daily during two consecutive weeks.

    The FES, like all surveys, is subject to error despite all the precautions taken at the various stages of the survey to control them. Although there is no exhaustive measure of a survey's data quality, certain quality measures taken at various stages of the survey can provide the user with relevant information to ensure sound data interpretation.

    This paper presents, for the 2001 FES, the following quality indicators the coefficients of variation, the non-response rates, the vacancy rates, the slippage rates, the imputation rates as well the impacts of imputation on the estimates.

    Release date: 2005-07-08

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016251
    Description:

    This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.This paper provides an initial look at the performance indicators of statistical agencies in the United States in order to offer a framework for benchmarking performance. As shown by this paper, several agencies have taken extremely different approaches in measuring their performance, both in terms of what they are measuring and how they are measuring it. Sharing this information is the first step toward making these measures more robust and comparable across all US agencies and international statistics offices.

    Release date: 2002-09-12

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016261
    Description:

    This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.

    The Economic Directorate of the United States Bureau of the Census conducts a number of surveys designed to provide estimates for several sectors of the economy, including Mining, Manufacturing, Wholesale and Retail Trade, and Services. Most of these programs rely on probability samples to represent the specific target populations. The true populations are constantly changing; there are entries, exits, organizational changes, and classification changes. To assure that our samples remain representative of the changing populations, sample maintenance procedures have been developed and implemented. One significant part of sample maintenance is accounting for births and population entries. This paper presents and contrasts the sample maintenance procedures for births and entries currently in place for the various sectors.

    Release date: 2002-09-12

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016286
    Description:

    This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.

    It is customary for statistical agencies to audit tables containing suppressed cells in order to ensure that there is sufficient protection against inadvertent disclosure of sensitive information. If the table contains rounded values, this fact may be ignored by the audit procedure. This oversight can result in over-protection, reducing the utility of the published data. This paper provides correct auditing formulation and gives examples of over-protection.

    Release date: 2002-09-12

  • Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016302
    Description:

    This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.

    This session provides three more contributions to the continuing discussion concerning the national statistics offices' response to the topic of quality -in particular, the subtopic of communicating quality. These three papers make the important and necessary assumption that national statistical offices have an obligation to report the limitations of the data; users should know and understand those limitations; and, as a result of understanding the limitations, users ought to be able to determine whether the data are fit for their purposes.

    Release date: 2002-09-12

  • Articles and reports: 11F0019M2001166
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This study assesses two potential problems with respect to the reporting of Employment Insurance (EI) and Social Assistance (SA) benefits in the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID): (a) under-reporting of the monthly number of beneficiaries; and (b) a tendency to incorrectly report receiving benefits throughout the year, while in fact benefits may have been received only in certain months, leading to artificial spikes in the January starts and December terminations of benefit spells (seam effect). The results of the analysis show the following:

    (1) The rate of under-reporting of EI in SLID is about 15%. Although it varies by month (from 0% to 30%), it is fairly stable from year to year.

    (2) There are significant spikes in the number of January starts and December terminations of EI benefit spells. However, the spikes in January starts appear to represent a real phenomenon, rather than a seam problem. They mirror closely the pattern of establishment of new EI claims (the latter increase significantly in January as a result of the decline in employment following the Christmas peak demand). There are no corresponding statistics for EI claim terminations to assess the nature of December spikes.

    (3) The rate of under-reporting of SA in SLID is about 50%, significantly greater than for EI. The rate of under-reporting goes down to about 20% to 30%, if we assume that those who received SA, but did not report in which months they received benefits, received benefits throughout the year.

    (4) There are large spikes in the number of January starts and December terminations. As in the case of EI, the SA could reflect a real phenomenon. After all, SA starts and terminations are affected by labour market conditions, in the same way EI starts and terminations are affected. However, the SA spikes are much larger than the EI spikes, which increases the probability that, at least in part, are due to a seam effect.

    Release date: 2001-09-11
Reference (3)

Reference (3) ((3 results))

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19990015640
    Description:

    This paper states how SN is preparing for a new era in the making of statistics, as it is triggered by technological and methodological developments. An essential feature of the turn to the new era is the farewell to the stovepipe way of data processing. The paper discusses how new technological and methodological tools will affect processes and their organization. Special emphasis is put on one of the major chances and challenges the new tools offer: establishing coherence in the content of statistics and in the presentation to users.

    Release date: 2000-03-02

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19990015658
    Description:

    Radon, a naturally occurring gas found at some level in most homes, is an established risk factor for human lung cancer. The U.S. National Research Council (1999) has recently completed a comprehensive evaluation of the health risks of residential exposure to radon, and developed models for projecting radon lung cancer risks in the general population. This analysis suggests that radon may play a role in the etiology of 10-15% of all lung cancer cases in the United States, although these estimates are subject to considerable uncertainty. In this article, we present a partial analysis of uncertainty and variability in estimates of lung cancer risk due to residential exposure to radon in the United States using a general framework for the analysis of uncertainty and variability that we have developed previously. Specifically, we focus on estimates of the age-specific excess relative risk (ERR) and lifetime relative risk (LRR), both of which vary substantially among individuals.

    Release date: 2000-03-02

  • Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015028
    Description:

    We address the problem of estimation for the income dynamics statistics calculated from complex longitudinal surveys. In addition, we compare two design-based estimators of longitudinal proportions and transition rates in terms of variability under large attrition rates. One estimator is based on the cross-sectional samples for the estimation of the income class boundaries at each time period and on the longitudinal sample for the estimation of the longitudinal counts; the other estimator is entirely based on the longitudinal sample, both for the estimation of the class boundaries and the longitudinal counts. We develop Taylor linearization-type variance estimators for both the longitudinal and the mixed estimator under the assumption of no change in the population, and for the mixed estimator when there is change.

    Release date: 1999-10-22
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