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Table 6
Scientific and engineering PhD concentration by large city, 2001

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Large city Science and engineering
PhDs per
100,000 population 15 and over
Rank (concentration)
Population 15 and over
Kingston (Ont.) 929 1 116,730
Ottawa – Hull (Ont./Que.) 859 2 845,050
Saskatoon (Sask.) 713 3 175,970
Victoria (B.C.) 567 4 259,275
Sherbrooke (Que.) 480 5 122,965
Halifax (N.S.) 450 6 289,855
London (Ont.) 450 7 342,995
Edmonton (Alta.) 449 8 741,160
Québec City (Que.) 443 9 562,750
Vancouver (B.C.) 435 10 1,620,920
Calgary (Alta.) 434 11 756,130
Kitchener (Ont.) 424 12 324,615
St. John’s (N.L.) 399 13 140,450
Toronto (Ont.) 391 14 3,728,980
Montréal (Que.) 381 15 2,761,215
Hamilton (Ont.) 332 16 527,545
Winnipeg (Man.) 302 17 533,360
Windsor (Ont.) 282 18 243,200
Greater Sudbury (Ont.) 255 19 125,325
Trois-Rivières(Que.) 182 20 112,455
Regina (Sask.) 171 21 151,700
Thunder Bay (Ont.) 143 22 98,135
St. Catharines – Niagara (Ont.)
128 23 303,635
Chicoutimi – Jonquière (Que.) 130 24 126,680
Saint John (N.B.) 128 25 97,905
Abbotsford (B.C.) 89 26 112,335
Oshawa (Ont.) 66 27 226,840
Source: Statistics Canada, special tabulation, 2001 Census of Population.