Table 3.62
Wildlife species extinct and extirpated from Canada, 2008

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Wildlife species extinct and extirpated from Canada, 2008
Species Group Date of extinction 1 or extirpation 2 Probable cause(s) of extinction 1 or extirpation 2
Extinct 1  
Benthic Hadley Lake stickleback fishes (freshwater) 1999 introduced predators
Limnetic Hadley Lake stickleback fishes (freshwater) 1999 introduced predators
Banff longnose dace fishes (freshwater) 1986 introduced predators; habitat alteration
Blue walleye fishes (freshwater) 1965 commercial fishing; introduced predators
Lake Ontario kiyi fishes (freshwater) 1964 commercial fishing; introduced predators
Deepwater cisco fishes (freshwater) 1952 commercial fishing; introduced predators
Eelgrass limpet molluscs 1929 loss of food source
Caribou (dawsoni subspecies) mammals (terrestrial) 1920s unknown
Passenger pigeon birds 1914 hunting and predation
Sea mink mammals (marine) 1894 trapping
Labrador duck birds 1875 hunting; habitat alteration
Macoun's shining moss mosses after 1864 habitat alteration
Great auk birds 1844 hunting
Extirpated 2  
Karner blue arthropods 1991 loss of food source; habitat alteration
Frosted elfin arthropods 1988 successional change
Greater prairie-chicken birds after 1987 habitat alteration
Black-footed ferret mammals (terrestrial) 1974 loss of food source
Striped bass (St. Lawrence Estuary population) fishes (freshwater) after 1968 illegal fishing
Dwarf wedgemussel molluscs 1968 habitat alteration
Greater sage grouse (phaios subspecies) birds 1960s hunting; habitat alteration
Pacific pond turtle reptiles after 1959 commercial harvesting; habitat alteration
Gravel chub fishes (freshwater) after 1958 habitat alteration
Pacific gophersnake reptiles after 1957 habitat alteration
Spring blue-eyed Mary plants after 1954 habitat alteration
Timber rattlesnake reptiles 1941 hunting; habitat alteration
Oregon lupine plants after 1929 habitat alteration
Paddlefish fishes (freshwater) 1917 habitat alteration; over-fishing
Tiger salamander (Great Lakes population) amphibians 1915 habitat alteration
Island marble arthropods before 1910 loss of food source; habitat alteration
Puget Oregonian snail molluscs after 1905 unknown
Pygmy short-horned lizard reptiles after 1898 habitat alteration
Atlantic salmon (Lake Ontario population) fishes (freshwater) after 1898 habitat destruction and over-exploitation by a food  and commercial fishery
Illinois tick-trefoil plants after 1888 habitat alteration
Grizzly bear (Prairie population) mammals (terrestrial) 1880s hunting
Incurved grizzled moss mosses 1828 unknown
Grey whale (Atlantic population) mammals (marine) 1800s hunting
1.
A wildlife species that no longer exists.
2.
A wildlife species that no longer exists in the wild in Canada, but exists elsewhere.
Source(s):
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, 2008, Canadian Wildlife Species at Risk, www.cosewic.gc.ca/eng/sct0/rpt/dsp_booklet_e.htm (accessed January 29, 2009).
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