Precarious jobs: A new typology of employment
Leah F. Vosko, Nancy Zukewich and Cynthia Cranford
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Between 1989 and 1994, the share of the workforce aged 15 and over engaged in part-time work, temporary work, own-account self-employment, or multiple jobholding grew from 28% to 34%. Since then, it has hovered around this level.
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The rise in non-standard employment in the early 1990s was fuelled by increases in own-account self-employment and full-time temporary paid work. Although employees with full-time permanent jobs still accounted for the majority of employment, this kind of work became less common, dropping from 67% in 1989 to 64% in 1994 and 63% in 2002.
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In 2002, women accounted for over 6 in 10 of those with part-time temporary jobs or part-time self-employment (own-account or employers) and for nearly three-quarters of part-time permanent employees.
Authors
Leah F. Vosko is with York University, Nancy Zukewich with Statistics Canada, and Cynthia Cranford with the University of Toronto. The authors can be reached at (416) 736-2100 (ext. 33157) or perspectives@statcan.gc.ca.
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