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Table 1
Impact of personal and family characteristics and main income recipient on risk of low income among children

  Distribution Specification A Specification B
Low income Estimated probability1 Difference with lowest Estimated probability1 Difference with lowest
Yes No
% % % point % % point
Children's characteristics
Boy 52.2 51.7 12.8 0.0 13.0 0.3
Girl 47.8 48.4 12.9 0.1 12.7 0.0
Under age 6 29.8 29.6 12.3 0.0 12.8 0.0
Age 6 to 11 36.0 32.9 13.0 0.7 12.9 0.1
Age 12 to 17 34.2 37.6 13.1 0.8 12.9 0.1
Region of residence
Atlantic 6.2 7.0 14.7 3.2* 17.1 5.8*
Quebec 18.9 22.9 11.5 0.0 11.3 0.0
Ontario 40.8 40.5 13.2 1.7 12.5 1.2
Prairies 16.7 18.0 12.5 1.0 12.1 0.8
British Columbia 17.4 11.6 14.1 2.6 16.0 4.7*
Size of inhabited region
Rural 5.4 14.1 5.1 0.0 5.2 0.0
Urban, population under 500,000 35.0 38.8 11.5 6.4* 11.3 6.1*
Urban, population 500,000 and over 59.6 47.1 16.4 11.3* 16.5 11.3*
Family type
One parent 45.3 12.1 27.9 18.7* 33.5 25.0*
Two parents 51.3 85.0 9.4 0.2 8.5 0.0
Other family 3.1 2.9 9.2 0.0 12.2 3.7
One child 35.4 46.3 10.9 1.3 10.7 1.9
Two children 18.9 24.1 9.6 0.4 8.8 0.0
Three or more children 45.8 29.3 18.1 8.5* 19.4 10.6*
Main income recipient2
Under age 30 15.6 7.4 19.1 8.4* 21.9 11.6*
Age 30 to 39 46.2 39.3 14.0 3.3* 14.0 3.3*
Age 40 and over 38.3 53.4 10.7 0.0 10.3 0.0
Education
Less than high school diploma 19.5 11.2 17.8 9.2* 19.6 12.3*
High school diploma 31.6 22.3 14.3 5.7* 15.6 8.3*
More than high school diploma 36.9 39.7 12.4 3.8* 11.3 4.0*
University 11.8 26.7 8.6 0.0 7.3 0.0
Work limitations
Yes 16.8 6.9 15.4 2.8 20.1 7.9*
No 83.2 93.1 12.6 0.0 12.2 0.0
Recent immigrant
Yes 12.8 5.4 22.2 10.5* 26.8 15.5*
No 87.2 94.6 11.7 0.0 11.3 0.0
Aboriginal off-reserve
Yes 8.0 4.0 16.4 3.7 17.5 4.9*
No 92.0 96.0 12.7 0.0 12.6 0.0
Main activity
Employee 26.2 76.6 5.6 0.0 .. ..
Self-employed 18.9 15.7 15.8 10.2* .. ..
Unemployed 8.4 1.9 34.3 28.7* .. ..
Student 9.0 1.2 27.2 21.6* .. ..
Not working 33.8 4.7 39.3 33.6* .. ..
* difference in predicted probability is statistically significant to a confidence level of 95%
1. Corresponds to the probability that a child with a particular characteristic would be in a low-income situation compared with another child without this characteristic, all others being equal.
2. Since the main income recipient variable is too closely correlated with being in a one-parent family, it has been omitted from the regressions.
Source: Statistics Canada, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, 2004.