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Table 1 Union membership and coverage by selected characteristics

	Total employees	Union density		Total employees	Union density
	2009			2010
	Total employees	Members	Coverage¹	Total employees	Members	Coverage¹
	'000s	%		'000s	%
Both sexes	14,087	29.5	31.6	14,258	29.6	31.6
Men	6,963	28.2	30.4	7,049	28.2	30.4
Women	7,123	30.8	32.9	7,209	30.9	32.8
Sector²
Public	3,423	71.3	75.1	3,509	71.2	74.8
Private	10,664	16.1	17.7	10,749	16.0	17.5
Age
15 to 24	2,321	14.7	16.5	2,281	14.9	16.5
25 to 54	9,800	31.9	34.1	9,920	32.0	34.1
25 to 44	6,415	29.4	31.6	6,475	30.0	32.2
45 to 54	3,385	36.6	38.8	3,445	35.8	37.8
55 and over	1,966	35.2	37.3	2,057	34.4	36.3
Education
Less than Grade 9	289	24.4	26.4	277	24.0	25.3
Some high school	1,344	20.1	21.6	1,295	20.4	22.0
High school graduation	2,788	25.3	26.9	2,858	25.7	27.0
Some postsecondary	1,229	21.6	23.3	1,205	22.6	24.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma	5,003	33.2	35.6	5,032	33.3	35.4
University degree	3,434	34.5	37.1	3,591	33.6	36.3
Province
Atlantic	954	30.5	32.0	954	30.3	31.7
Newfoundland and Labrador	189	37.5	39.3	193	37.9	39.7
Prince Edward Island	58	30.1	32.6	58	30.7	33.0
Nova Scotia	388	29.5	30.8	388	28.4	29.6
New Brunswick	319	27.7	29.1	314	27.8	29.2
Quebec	3,257	36.5	40.0	3,327	36.1	39.3
Ontario	5,480	26.4	28.1	5,553	26.5	27.9
Prairies	2,585	27.3	29.2	2,587	27.1	29.6
Manitoba	520	35.4	37.4	524	35.9	38.1
Saskatchewan	422	34.3	36.3	422	33.8	35.9
Alberta	1,643	22.9	24.8	1,641	22.6	25.2
British Columbia	1,811	29.1	30.6	1,838	30.4	31.8
Work status
Full-time	11,398	31.0	33.2	11,530	31.1	33.2
Part-time	2,689	23.3	25.1	2,728	23.5	25.0
Industry
Goods-producing	2,970	26.5	28.5	2,962	26.5	28.6
Agriculture	114	5.3	6.3	100	2.7	3.2
Natural resources	271	20.9	22.3	277	20.3	23.1
Utilities	147	62.2	67.0	146	61.6	65.5
Construction	744	30.0	31.8	801	30.3	32.0
Manufacturing	1,694	24.2	26.2	1,638	24.0	26.2
Service-producing	11,117	30.3	32.5	11,296	30.4	32.4
Trade	2,319	13.1	14.7	2,378	13.1	14.4
Transportation and warehousing	690	40.0	41.7	645	41.3	42.8
Finance, insurance, real estate and leasing	902	8.2	9.6	909	8.2	9.2
Professional, scientific and technical	786	4.3	5.2	821	4.2	5.3
Business, building and other support	490	14.6	16.2	495	14.3	16.2
Education	1,163	68.0	71.9	1,207	67.0	70.9
Health care and social assistance	1,704	54.0	56.4	1,778	52.9	55.3
Information, culture and recreation	626	26.6	28.6	625	26.9	28.3
Accommodation and food	972	7.0	7.8	978	7.0	7.8
Other	546	8.8	10.1	524	9.8	11.0
Public administration	920	67.2	72.8	935	68.5	73.4
Occupation
Management	1,019	8.9	11.2	1,019	8.3	10.9
Business, finance and administrative	2,787	24.6	26.7	2,751	24.7	26.5
Professional	420	18.0	19.5	407	16.1	17.9
Financial and administrative	733	24.2	26.5	734	25.3	27.4
Clerical	1,634	26.5	28.7	1,610	26.6	28.3
Natural and applied sciences	1,036	22.8	24.9	1,098	22.8	24.9
Health	912	61.7	64.2	951	60.2	62.4
Professional	105	40.2	46.1	107	38.2	44.7
Nursing	273	81.5	83.1	278	78.5	80.5
Technical	216	57.5	60.0	223	59.8	61.0
Support staff	319	54.8	56.7	342	52.5	54.2
Social science, education, government	1,387	55.1	58.2	1,437	55.4	58.7
Legal, social and religious workers	683	35.9	38.4	714	37.1	40.0
Teachers and professors	704	73.7	77.4	724	73.5	77.2
Secondary and elementary	485	85.5	88.2	492	85.9	88.0
Other	219	47.5	53.7	232	47.1	54.3
Art, culture, recreation and sport	322	28.3	30.9	341	28.9	30.8
Sales and service	3,658	20.5	22.3	3,716	21.0	22.5
Wholesale	383	4.9	6.1	386	5.5	6.8
Retail	1,025	11.7	12.9	1,080	13.2	14.3
Food and beverage	531	9.9	10.8	527	10.1	10.8
Protective services	250	54.0	61.4	251	57.6	62.4
Child care and home support	195	49.6	51.2	200	45.4	48.4
Travel and accommodation	1,274	25.7	27.3	1,272	25.6	27.0
Trades, transport and equipment operators	1,968	35.6	37.6	1,968	35.4	37.4
Contractors and supervisors	140	27.2	29.6	138	29.0	30.9
Construction trades	271	38.1	39.7	283	35.7	37.2
Other trades	768	38.1	40.3	760	37.7	40.0
Transportation equipment operators	490	34.7	36.0	484	37.0	38.7
Helpers and labourers	300	32.1	34.8	303	29.5	32.2
Unique to primary industry	253	14.3	15.9	241	14.6	15.9
Unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities	745	32.1	34.3	736	31.3	33.2
Machine operators and assemblers	603	31.7	33.7	590	30.7	32.6
Labourers	143	34.0	36.9	146	33.6	35.3
Workplace size
Under 20 employees	4,697	13.4	14.9	4,806	13.4	14.7
20 to 99 employees	4,732	30.2	32.4	4,707	29.8	32.0
100 to 500 employees	2,883	40.4	43.1	2,949	41.1	43.5
Over 500 employees	1,775	52.7	55.4	1,797	53.7	56.5
Job tenure
1 to 12 months	3,053	16.4	18.6	2,855	16.0	18.0
Over 1 year to 5 years	4,753	23.4	25.3	4,936	24.3	26.1
Over 5 years to 9 years	2,051	32.2	34.4	2,012	31.6	33.6
Over 9 years to 14 years	1,464	34.9	36.8	1,657	36.5	38.2
Over 14 years	2,766	49.6	52.1	2,798	47.4	49.9
Job status
Permanent	12,449	29.8	31.8	12,434	30.0	31.9
Non-permanent	1,638	27.7	30.4	1,824	27.3	29.7
1. Union members and persons who are not union members but covered by collective agreements (for example, some religious group members). 2. Public sector employees are those working for government departments or agencies; Crown corporations; or publicly funded schools, hospitals or other institutions. Private sector employees are all other wage and salary earners. Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, January-to-June averages.