Perspectives on Labour and Income

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February 2011

Inside the labour market downturn

Abstract: The Canadian labour market recently experienced its most significant downturn since the 1990-1992 recession. Although employment rebounded more quickly than during the downturns of the early 1980s and early 1990s, the number of individuals without a job remains significantly higher than at the beginning of the downturn. This article investigates how various categories of non-workers grew in the past two years. It also discusses alternative measures of unemployment that include some of these categories in the calculations. Several of the alternative measures also include part-time workers who would prefer to work full time.


January 2011

Retirement, health and employment among those 55 plus

Abstract: This study examines four distinct states of retirement among older Canadians: fully retired; partially retired; previously retired but returned to work; and never retired. Using the 2009 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) – Healthy Aging, it presents the socio-economic characteristics of each group, and discusses their differing work patterns and health.

Seniors' self-employment

Abstract: A substantial proportion of working seniors are self-employed. This article uses census data to study self-employment among senior men and women. Trends in self-employment rates and categories are presented, along with occupational and industrial profiles. In addition, 2006 data are used to study factors associated with self-employment.


December 2010

Why has the gender wage gap narrowed?

Abstract: The gender gap in hourly wages narrowed between the late 1980s and the late 2000s. This article analyses the narrowing wage gap according to the changing characteristics of men and women in paid work, the changes in pay received for those characteristics, and the extent to which who works in each period affects the results.

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