Figures

Figure 1
Regional low-income rates based on low-income cutoffs, after-tax

Source: Statistics Canada, Income in Canada 2006.

Figure 2
Crossing of low-income incidence curves

 

Figure 3
Low-income incidence curves, the low-income cutoff-based equivalence scale and cost-of-living, 2000

* Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Ontario over Newfoundland and Labrador) at 5% level (=$12,366/=$20,000+)
** Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Newfoundland and Labrador over Ontario) at 5% level (=$0+/=$8,416)
Note: Standardized low-income cutoff line=$15,352 and maximum low-income line=$20,000.
Source: Statistics Canada, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, 2000.

 

Figure 4
Low-income deficit curves, the low-income cutoff-based equivalence scale and cost-of-living, 2000

* Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Ontario over Newfoundland and Labrador) at 5% level (=$18,470/=$20,000+)
** Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Newfoundland and Labrador over Ontario) at 5% level (=$0+/=$11,424)
Note: Standardized low-income cutoff line=$15,352 and maximum low-income line=$20,000.
Source: Statistics Canada, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, 2000.

Figure 5
Low-income severity curves, the low-income cutoff-based equivalence scale and cost-of-living, 2000

* Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Ontario over Newfoundland and Labrador) at 5% level (not available)
** Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Newfoundland and Labrador over Ontario) at 5% level (=$0+/=$14,684)
Note: Standardized market basket measure line=$14,460 and maximum low-income line=$20,000.
Source: Statistics Canada, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, 2000.

 

Figure 6
Low-income incidence curves, the market basket measure-based cost-of-living,¹ 2000

* Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Ontario over Newfoundland and Labrador) at 5% level (=$8,430/=$20,000+)
** Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Newfoundland and Labrador over Ontario) at 5% level (=$3,650/=$6,000)
1. The low-income cutoff-based equivalence scale is still applied to adjust family size.
Note: Standardized market basket measure line=$14,460 and maximum low-income line=$20,000.
Source: Statistics Canada, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, 2000.

 

Figure 7
Low-income deficit curves, the market basket measure-based cost-ofliving, ¹ 2000

* Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Ontario over Newfoundland and Labrador) at 5% level (=$10,976/$20,000+)
** Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Newfoundland and Labrador over Ontario) at 5% level (=$0+/=$7,362)
1. The low-income cutoff-based equivalence scale is still applied to adjust family size.
Note: Standardized market basket measure line=$14,460 and maximum low-income line=$20,000.
Source: Statistics Canada, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, 2000.

 

Figure 8
Low-income severity curves, the market basket measure-based cost of- living,¹ 2000

* Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Ontario over Newfoundland and Labrador) at 5% level (=$14,358/=$20,000+)
** Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Newfoundland and Labrador over Ontario) at 5% level (=$0+/=$9,091)
1. The low-income cutoff-based equivalence scale is still used.
Note: Standardized market basket measure line=$14,460 and maximum low-income line=$20,000.
Source: Statistics Canada, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, 2000.

 

Figure 9
Low-income incidence curves for normalized equivalent income,¹ 2000

 

* Lower/upper bound of stochastic dominance (Newfoundland and Labrador over Ontario) at 5% level (=%0+/=%34.2)
1. Equivalence income is normalized by dividing median income of respective province. Scaling factors are based on the low-income cutoff equivalence scale and cost-of-living factors. Test of dominance is evaluated at every x value in the sample between 15% and 70% of the provincial median income.
Notes: Median equivalent income in Newfoundland and Labrador=$31,491; in Ontario=$35,950. Maximum
low-income line=70% of provincial median income.
Source: Statistics Canada, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, 2000.