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Table D.4.4
Expenditures on research and development (R&D), Canada and provinces, 1991, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005 (in real 2001 dollars)

Standard table symbols

Jurisdiction and R&D contributing sector 1991 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005
millions of dollars millions of dollars millions of dollars millions of dollars millions of dollars millions of dollars
Canada, total 12,557 20,811 23,273 23,586 24,567 24,859
Government 2,348 2,361 2,445 2,260 2,202 2,436
Federal government 1,965 2,103 2,166 1,994 1,933 2,166
Provincial governments 383 258 279 266 269 269
Business enterprise 6,245 12,534 13,392 13,441 13,867 13,781
University 3,836 5,858 7,373 7,796 8,404 8,542
Private non-profit 128 58 62 88 96 101
Newfoundland and Labrador, total 129 138 153 166 153 212
Government 47 35 37 27 25 26
Federal government 43 30 32 22 20 22
Provincial government 5 5 5 5 4 4
Business enterprise 12 20 22 30 26 68
University 69 83 94 109 102 118
Private non-profit 0 0 .. .. .. ..
Prince Edward Island, total 18 37 30 42 39 59
Government 12 16 8 12 9 26
Federal government 12 16 8 12 9 26
Provincial government 0 0 0 0 0 0
Business enterprise 2 5 4 7 7 7
University 5 15 18 24 23 25
Private non-profit 0 0 .. .. .. ..
Nova Scotia, total 276 370 398 387 408 414
Government 99 96 82 68 80 64
Federal government 93 90 75 62 75 59
Provincial government 6 6 6 6 6 5
Business enterprise 30 68 93 75 82 84
University 146 204 224 245 246 266
Private non-profit 1 2 .. .. .. ..
New Brunswick, total 143 163 216 215 215 228
Government 47 30 51 33 29 28
Federal government 44 27 47 30 25 24
Provincial government 4 3 4 4 4 4
Business enterprise 35 41 63 64 76 78
University 59 90 101 117 109 122
Private non-profit 1 2 .. .. .. ..
Quebec, total 3,250 5,762 6,562 6,645 6,713 6,619
Government 335 414 444 380 376 417
Federal government 246 355 363 301 300 339
Provincial government 89 59 81 79 77 78
Business enterprise 1,726 3,695 4,080 4,022 4,026 3,850
University 1,170 1,652 2,037 2,244 2,309 2,352
Private non-profit 19 2 .. .. .. ..
Ontario, total 5,159 9,673 10,207 10,550 11,217 11,594
Government 420 389 360 384 353 407
Federal government 281 318 317 338 309 368
Provincial government 140 72 43 46 43 39
Business enterprise 3,299 6,934 6,916 7,101 7,257 7,480
University 1,353 2,343 2,933 3,065 3,607 3,707
Private non-profit 86 6 .. .. .. ..
Manitoba, total 331 422 444 441 479 529
Government 114 74 73 65 72 80
Federal government 111 71 70 61 68 76
Provincial government 3 3 3 4 3 4
Business enterprise 75 136 151 145 166 179
University 133 194 220 231 242 269
Private non-profit 9 19 .. .. .. ..
Saskatchewan, total 273 372 418 375 375 381
Government 77 71 62 61 59 70
Federal government 64 61 51 51 48 58
Provincial government 13 10 11 10 12 13
Business enterprise 68 75 108 83 99 127
University 128 225 249 231 217 184
Private non-profit 0 0 .. .. .. ..
Alberta, total 1,101 1,373 1,753 1,759 1,906 1,817
Government 208 195 205 178 198 200
Federal government 109 119 94 82 97 103
Provincial government 99 76 111 97 101 97
Business enterprise 487 599 802 807 912 853
University 406 562 746 775 796 765
Private non-profit 0 17 .. .. .. ..
British Columbia, total 971 1,632 1,951 1,994 2,181 2,228
Government 155 137 119 92 100 98
Federal government 119 112 99 78 85 82
Provincial government 36 25 20 15 15 15
Business enterprise 432 983 1,094 1,140 1,305 1,312
University 376 502 737 763 776 818
Private non-profit 7 10 .. .. .. ..
.. not available for a specific reference period
... not applicable
Notes: Real expenditures have been calculated by deflating the expenditures estimates using the GDP implicit price index re-referenced to 2001=100. Provincial data include provincial research organizations. Expenditures on R&D by the private non-profit sector are no longer distributed provincially as of 2002. The Canada total, however, does include the private non-profit sector. Data for all years other than 2005 are revised. The values expressed in constant (real) dollars at the Canada-level do not match the sum of the provincial values. See Education Indicators in Canada: Handbook for the Report of the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program 2007 for more information. Real dollar conversions calculated by the Centre for Education Statistics, Statistics Canada.
Data sources: Statistics Canada. 2008. Gross Deomestic Expenditures on Research and Development in Canada and the Provinces, National Estimates 1996 to 2007, Provincial Estimates, 2001 to 2005. Catalogue No. 88-221-X vol. 1 no. 1.
CANSIM II Table 358-0001 (1991 expenditures).
CANSIM II Table 384-0036 (GDP implicit price index).
Table source: Statistics Canada and Council of Ministers of Education, Canada. 2007. Education indicators in Canada: Report of the Pan-Canadian Education Indicators Program. Catalogue no. 81-582-XIE. Ottawa.
Updated June 16, 2008.