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Table 4
Odds ratios relating fracture and/or effects of stroke status and other selected characteristics to the need for assistance with activities of daily living, activities instrumental to daily living and receipt of government-subsidized home care, adults aged 60 or older, household population, Canada, 2003

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	Needed help with ADL or IADL tasks		Needed help with ADL tasks		Received government- subsidized home care
	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval
Fracture in past year and/or effects of stroke
Hip fracture, no stroke	4.1^*	2.0 to 8.5	7.9^*	3.6 to 17.5	10.1^*	5.2 to 19.5
Thigh, knee, lower leg, ankle or foot fracture, no stroke	1.3	0.8 to 2.0	1.8	0.8 to 4.2	2.6^*	1.5 to 4.4
Shoulder, arm, wrist or hand fracture, no stroke	1.4	1.0 to 2.1	1.4	0.8 to 2.5	2.8^*	1.8 to 4.5
Effects of stroke, no fracture	4.1	3.2 to 5.2	4.9^*	3.4 to 7.0	2.9^*	2.2 to 3.8
No fracture, no effects of stroke^†	1.0	...	1.0	...	1.0	...
Age^‡	1.1^*	1.1 to 1.1	1.1^*	1.1 to 1.1	1.1^*	1.1 to 1.1
Sex
Men	0.4^*	0.4 to 0.4	0.8	0.6 to 1.1	0.9	0.8 to 1.0
Women^†	1.0	...	1.0	...	1.0	...
Living arrangements
With kin	0.8^*	0.7 to 0.9	1.0	0.8 to 1.3	0.6^*	0.5 to 0.7
With others, other living arrangements	1.2	1.0 to 1.5	1.9^*	1.3 to 2.8	0.8	0.6 to 1.1
Alone^†	1.0	...	1.0	...	1.0	...
Very strong sense of community belonging
Yes	0.8^*	0.8 to 0.9	0.8^*	0.6 to 1.0	1.0	0.9 to 1.2
No^†	1.0	...	1.0	...	1.0	...
Education
Postsecondary graduation^†	1.0	...	1.0	...	1.0	...
Some postsecondary	0.9	0.7 to 1.1	1.0	0.6 to 1.6	0.9	0.6 to 1.2
Secondary graduation	0.9	0.8 to 1.0	1.3	1.0 to 1.9	1.1	0.9 to 1.4
Less than secondary graduation	1.2^*	1.1 to 1.3	1.6^*	1.3 to 2.1	1.3^*	1.1 to 1.6
Chronic condition(s)
None or one^†	1.0	...	1.0	...	1.0	...
Two or more	2.8^*	2.6 to 3.1	2.0^*	1.6 to 2.5	2.2^*	2.0 to 2.6
^* significantly different from estimate for reference category (p < 0.05)
^† reference category
^‡ continuous variable
... not applicable
Note: Because of rounding, some odds ratios with 1.0 as the lower or upper confidence interval are statistically significant.
Data source: Statistics Canada, 2003 Canadian Community Health Survey.
Table source: Statistics Canada, 2007, "Hip fracture outcomes in the household population", Health Reports, Vol. 18, No. 4, catalogue number 82-003-XWE.