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References

  1. Routledge PA, O’Mahony MS, Woodhouse KW.  Adverse drug reactions in elderly patients. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2003; 57(2): 121-6.

  2. Courtman BJ, Stallings SB.  Characterization of drug-related problems in elderly patients on admission to a medical ward. The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 1995; 48(3): 161-6.

  3. Patel RB. Polypharmacy and the elderly. Journal of Infusion Nursing 2003; 26(3): 166-9.

  4. Wooten J, Galavis J. Polypharmacy: keeping the elderly safe. RN 2005; 68(8): 44-50.

  5. Hippisley-Cox J, Pringle M, Ryan R. Polypharmacy in the elderly: Analysis of QRESEARCH data.  QRESEARCH 2007. Available at: www.qresearch.org.  Accessed 16 January, 2008.

  6. IMS Health Canada. Canada Rx Report 2005.  Table 3: Retail prescriptions dispensed in Canada per capita by age, 2005. Personal contact: Christine D. Albino, Senior Analyst, calbino@ca.imshealth.com.

  7. Brazeau S. Polypharmacy and the elderly. The Canadian Journal of CME. August, 2001. Accessed 16 January, 2008.

  8. Williams CM. Using medications appropriately in older adults. American Family Physician 2002; 66(10): 1917-24.

  9. Akner G, Boréus L. Drug treatment (Chapter 16). In: Geriatric Care and Treatment: A Systematic Compilation of Existing Scientific Literature.  Place of publication: The Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care, 2003.

  10. Swain L, Catlin G, Beaudet MP. The National Population Health Survey – its longitudinal nature.Health Reports (Statistics Canada, Catalogue 82-003) 1999; 10(4): 62-82.

  11. Tambay J-L, Catlin G.  Sample design of the National Population Health Survey.  Health Reports (Statistics Canada, Catalogue 82-003) 1995; 7(1): 29-38.

  12. World Health Organization (WHO) Centre for Health Development.  Ageing and Health Technical Report, Volume 5: A Glossary of Terms for Community Health Care and Services for Older Persons, 2004. Accessed 24 June 2008.

  13. Frazier SC. Health outcomes and Polypharmacy in elderly individuals: an integrated literature review.  Journal of Gerontological Nursing 2005; 31(9): 4-11.

  14. Woods DJ, Walker T, Ross S. Problems with Polypharmacy: Focus on the Elderly at Risk. Dunedin, New Zealand: Best Practice Advocacy Centre, date of publication. Accessed 24 June 2008.

  15. Lococo KH, Staplin L. Literature Review of Polypharmacy and Older Drivers: Identifying Strategies to Collect Drug Usage and Driving Functioning among Older Drivers.  (Report no. DOT HS 810 558) Place of publication: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2006.

  16. Millar W.  Multiple medication use among seniors. Health Reports (Statistics Canada, Catalogue 82-003) 1998; 9(4): 11-7.

  17. Rao JNK, Wu CFJ, Yue K. Some recent work on resampling methods for complex surveys. Survey Methodology (Statistics Canada, Catalogue 12-001) 1992; 18(2): 209-17.

  18. Rust KF, Rao JN. Variance estimation for complex surveys using replication techniques. Statistical Methods in Medical Research 1996; 5(3): 283-310.

  19. Yeo D, Mantel H, Liu T-P. Bootstrap variance estimation for the National Population Health Survey. American Statistical Association: Proceedings of the Survey Research Methods Section. Baltimore: August, 1999.

  20. Victorino C, Maxwell C, Hogan D.  The prevalence and pharmacological management of pain among older home care clients. Senior Care Canada. Accessed 1 October, 2008.

  21. Proctor WR, Hirdes JP. Pain and cognitive status among nursing home residents in Canada. Pain Reearch and  Management 2001; 6(3): 119-25.

  22. Morrison RS, Siu AL. A comparison of pain and its treatment in advanced dementia and cognitively intact patients with hip fracture. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 2000; 19(4): 240-8.

  23. Sengstaken EA, King SA. The problems of pain and its detection among geriatric nursing home residents.  Journal of the American Geriatric Society 1993; 41(5): 541-4.

  24. Fugh-Berman A. Herb-drug interactions. Lancet 2000; 355(9198): 134-8.

  25. Roehl B, Talati A, Parks S. Medication prescribing for older adults. Annals of Long-term Care 2006; 14(6): 33-9.

Date Modified: 2009-03-18

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