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Table 4
Odds ratios relating workplace climate factors to physical assault/emotional abuse by a patient over past 12 months, nurses providing direct care in hospitals or long-term care facilities, Canada, 2005

Standard table symbols

	Unadjusted odds ratio	95% confidence interval		Adjusted odds ratio	95% confidence interval		Adjusted odds ratio	95% confidence interval
Workplace climate factors				Adjusted for personal and job characteristics			Adjusted for workplace climate, personal and job characteristics
	Unadjusted odds ratio	from	to	Adjusted odds ratio	from	to	Adjusted odds ratio	from	to
	Physical assault by patient
Staffing/Resource adequacy
First quartile (most adequate)^†	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…
Second quartile	1.3^*	1.1	1.6	1.3^*	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.0	1.5
Third quartile	1.8^*	1.5	2.1	1.6^*	1.3	2.0	1.5^*	1.2	1.8
Fourth quartile (least adequate)	2.6^*	2.2	3.1	2.3^*	1.9	2.8	2.1^*	1.7	2.6
Nurse-physician working relations
First quartile (most favourable)^†	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…
Second quartile	1.3^*	1.1	1.5	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.1	0.9	1.4
Third quartile	1.3^*	1.1	1.6	1.2^*	1.0	1.4	1.1	0.9	1.3
Fourth quartile (least favourable)	1.6^*	1.4	1.9	1.3^*	1.0	1.5	1.0	0.8	1.2
Low supervisor support
Yes	1.4^*	1.3	1.6	1.3^*	1.2	1.6	1.2^*	1.0	1.4
No^†	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…
Low co-worker support
Yes	1.6^*	1.5	1.8	1.6^*	1.4	1.8	1.4^*	1.3	1.7
No^†	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…
	Emotional abuse from patient
Staffing/Resource adequacy
First quartile (most adequate)^†	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…
Second quartile	1.5^*	1.3	1.8	1.4^*	1.2	1.8	1.3^*	1.1	1.6
Third quartile	2.2^*	1.8	2.6	1.9^*	1.6	2.4	1.7^*	1.4	2.1
Fourth quartile (least adequate)	3.0^*	2.5	3.5	2.6^*	2.1	3.1	2.2^*	1.8	2.6
Nurse-physician working relations
First quartile (most favourable)^†	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…
Second quartile	1.2^*	1.0	1.4	1.2^*	1.0	1.4	1.1	0.9	1.3
Third quartile	1.5^*	1.3	1.8	1.4^*	1.2	1.7	1.3^*	1.1	1.5
Fourth quartile (least favourable)	2.1^*	1.8	2.5	1.9^*	1.6	2.3	1.5^*	1.3	1.8
Low supervisor support
Yes	1.5^*	1.4	1.7	1.4^*	1.2	1.6	1.2^*	1.0	1.4
No^†	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…
Low co-worker support
Yes	1.6^*	1.4	1.8	1.5^*	1.3	1.7	1.3^*	1.2	1.5
No^†	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…	1.0	…	…
† reference category * significantly different from estimate for reference category (p < 0.05) Note: Personal characteristics included in the models were sex, years of experience in nursing, nursing education, general health, mental health, job satisfaction, and type of nurse. Job characteristics included work setting, clinical area of employment, work status, shift usually worked, and length of shift. See Appendix Tables A and B for results of full models. Source: 2005 National Survey of the Work and Health of Nurses. Table source: Statistics Canada, 2009, "Factors related to on-the-job abuse of nurses by patients", Health Reports, Vol. 20, No. 2, catalogue number 82-003-X.