Statistics Canada
Symbol of the Government of Canada

Regional patterns of risk for sexually transmitted infections in British Columbia

Warning View the most recent version.

Archived Content

Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please "contact us" to request a format other than those available.










by Kathleen N. Deering, Mark W. Tyndall and Mieke Koehoorn

Abstract
Keywords
Findings
Authors
What is already known on this subject?
What does this study add?

Abstract

Background

Although rates of sexually transmitted infection (STI) tend to be higher in urban Canada, the province of British Columbia has recently seen above-average rates in the northern health regions.

Data and methods

Data from the 2005 Canadian Community Health Survey were used to examine sexual behaviour risks by geography and age in British Columbia.  Two outcomes were investigated:  ever diagnosed with an STI, and did not use a condom during last sexual intercourse.  Region was categorized as metropolitan and non-metropolitan (Northern, representing more rural and remote communities, and Southern). Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine associations between the two outcomes and region, age, and other socio-demographic variables. Normalized weights accounted for sampling design.

Results

In adjusted analysis, older age (25 to 49) and being female were significantly associated with previously having an STI and not using a condom during last sex. Being a non-drinker was inversely associated with the former outcome, and being an occasional drinker was inversely associated with both outcomes, compared with being a regular drinker.  When stratified by region, the relationship between older age and not using a condom was particularly strong in Northern non-metropolitan regions.

Interpretation

The results highlight the importance of considering older individuals in the design of STI preventive interventions, particularly in non-metropolitan and rural and remote regions, where access to testing and treatment may be limited.  

Keywords

condoms, risk behaviour, rural health, rural health services, sex behaviour, sexually transmitted diseases

Findings

Since 1997, rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have risen in Canada. In 2007, there were 224.0 reported cases of genital chlamydia per 100,000 population, up more than 70% from 1997. The rate of gonorrhea in 2007 was much lower―36. cases per 100,000 population―but it was more than 120% above the 1997 rate. And while reported cases of infectious syphilis were relatively rare, with a rate of 3.7 per 100,000 population in 2007, this amounted to a fivefold increase over 1997.[Full text]

Authors

Kathleen N. Deering (1-604-314-4350; kdeering@cfenet.ubc.ca) is with the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia,  V6T 1Z3. Mark W. Tyndall is with the Faculty of Medicine and Mieke Koehoorn is with the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia.

What is already known on this subject?

  • Although rates of sexually transmitted infections (STI) tend to be high in urban areas, recent research indicates that some STIs are becoming prevalent in non-metropolitan regions.
  • Relatively high STI rates have been recorded in the northern health regions of British Columbia.
  • Much attention focuses on STI risks in young people, but little research is devoted to risks among adult Canadians, particularly in northern areas.

What does this study add?

  • People in Southern non-metropolitan regions of British Columbia were significantly less likely than those in metropolitan regions to have had an STI; non-use of condoms did not differ significantly by region.
  • Regardless of region of residence, being older (25 to 49) was significantly associated with not using condoms.
  • Women were more likely than men to have had an STI and to have not used a condom the last time they had sexual intercourse.