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42.  Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Travelers’ Health—Yellow Book, 2008. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

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47.  Wasley A, Kruszon-Moran D, Kuhmert W, et al. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States in the era of vaccination. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010; 202: 192-201.

48.  Rossi C, Shrier I, Marshal L, et al. Seroprevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection and prior immunity in immigrants and refugees: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS One 2012; 7(9): c44611.

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50.  Health Canada. Report of the Hepatitis B Working Group. Canadian Medical Association Journal 1994; 151: 1294-7.

51.  Public Health Agency of Canada. Publicly Funded Immunization Programs in Canada—Routine Schedule for Infants and Children Including Special Programs and Catch-up Programs (as of December 2012).Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada, 2012.
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53.  Balogun MA, Ramsay ME, Hesketh LM, et al. The prevalence of Hepatitis C in England and Wales. Journal of Infection 2002; 45: 219-36.

54.  Boulos D, Goedhuis NJ, Wu J, et al. Enhanced surveillance for acute and likely acute hepatitis B in Canada: 1999 to 2002. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 2005; 16(5): 275-81.

55.  Public Health Agency of Canada. Epidemiology of acute hepatitis C infection in Canada. Results  from the Enhanced Hepatitis Strain Surveillance System (EHSSS). Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada, 2006.

56.  Amin J, Gidding H, Gilbert G, et al. Hepatitis C prevalence—a nationwide serosurvey. Communicable Disease Intelligence 2004; 28(4): 517-21.

57.  Goldman M, Long A. Hepatitis C lookback in Canada. Vox Sanguinis 2000; 78(Suppl. 2): 249-52.

58.  Public Health Agency of Canada. Custom tabulation from M-Track: Enhanced surveillance of risk behaviours among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Canada, Phase 1 (2005-2007). Unpublished. Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada, 2012.

59.  Correctional Service Canada. Infectious Disease Surveillance in Federal Penitentiaries 2005-2006. Fall 2008.
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60.  Public Health Agency of Canada. Custom tabulation from I-Track: Enhanced surveillance of risk behaviours among people who inject drugs. Phase 2 (2005-2008). Unpublished. Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada, 2010.

61.  Public Health Agency of Canada. Custom tabulation from E-SYS: HBV+ status awareness levels among Canadian street youth surveyed between 1999 and 2012 (cycles 2-6). Unpublished. Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada, 2013.

62.  Spittal PM, Pearce ME, Chavoshi N, et al. The Cedar project: high incidence of HCV infections in a longitudinal study of young aboriginal people who use drugs in two Canadian cities. BMC Public Health 2012; 12: 632-42.

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64.  Werb D, Wood E, Kerr T, et al. Treatment costs of hepatitis C infection among injection drug users in Canada, 2006-2026. International Journal of Drug Policy 2011; 22: 70-6.

65.  Statistics Canada. Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) Standard Operating Procedures for Laboratory Infection Markers: Cycle 2. Unpublished. Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 2012.

66.  Lee D-S, Lesniewski RR, Sung Y-C, et al.  Significance of Anti-E2 in the diagnosis of HCV infection in patients on maintenance hemodialysis:  Anti-E2 is frequently detected among anti-HCV antibody-negative patients.  Journal of the American Society for Nephrology 1996; 7(11):  2409-13.

67.  Kondili LA, Chionne P, Costantino A, et al. Infection rate and spontaneous seroconversion of anti-hepatitis C virus during the natural course of hepatitis C virus in the general population. Gut 2002; 50: 693-6.

68.  Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Testing for HCV infection: An update of guidance for clinicians and laboratorians. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Review 2013; 62(18): 362-5.

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