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Disability-adjusted life expectancy - abridged life table, at age 65 and confidence interval, by sex, Canada, provinces, territories and health regions, 1996

Disability-adjusted life expectancy - at age 65 Both sexes Males Females
Years 95% confidence interval Years 95% confidence interval Years 95% confidence interval
Low High Low High Low High
 
0 Canada 15.6 15.5 15.6 14.0 14.0 14.1 16.9 16.8 16.9
10 Newfoundland and Labrador 14.6 14.4 14.8 13.1 12.8 13.3 16.1 15.9 16.4
1001 HCS St. John's Region, NF (Peer group H) 15.1 14.8 15.5 13.5 13.0 14.0 16.6 16.1 17.0
1002 HCS Eastern Region, NF (Peer group D) 13.9 13.5 14.3 12.2 11.7 12.6 15.7 15.1 16.2
1003 HCS Central Region, NF (Peer group D) 14.8 14.4 15.2 13.6 13.1 14.1 16.1 15.6 16.7
1004 HCS Western Region, NF (Peer group D) 14.7 14.2 15.1 13.4 12.8 14.0 16.0 15.3 16.7
1005 Grenfell Regional Health Services Board, NF (Peer group D) 14.5 13.3 15.6 13.0 11.5 14.4 16.3 14.5 18.0
1006 Health Labrador Corporation, NF (Peer group F) 12.6 11.1 14.1 11.1 9.4 12.8 14.4 12.1 16.7
11 Prince Edward Island 15.2 14.8 15.6 13.2 12.7 13.7 17.1 16.5 17.6
1101 Urban Health Region, PE (Peer group I) 14.4 13.9 14.9 12.6 11.9 13.4 16.0 15.3 16.7
1102 Rural Health Region, PE (Peer group E) 16.0 15.4 16.5 13.6 12.9 14.3 18.4 17.5 19.2
12 Nova Scotia 14.7 14.6 14.9 13.0 12.8 13.1 16.3 16.1 16.5
1201 Zone 1, NS (Peer group E) 14.9 14.5 15.2 13.2 12.7 13.6 16.6 16.1 17.1
1202 Zone 2, NS (Peer group E) 15.2 14.7 15.7 13.5 12.8 14.1 16.7 16.0 17.4
1203 Zone 3, NS (Peer group H) 14.9 14.5 15.3 13.3 12.7 13.8 16.3 15.7 16.9
1204 Zone 4, NS (Peer group H) 14.9 14.5 15.3 13.2 12.7 13.8 16.4 15.8 16.9
1205 Zone 5, NS (Peer group D) 13.8 13.4 14.1 11.7 11.3 12.2 15.6 15.1 16.0
1206 Zone 6, NS (Peer group I) 14.9 14.6 15.1 13.1 12.8 13.5 16.3 15.9 16.6
13 New Brunswick 15.1 14.9 15.2 13.4 13.1 13.6 16.6 16.4 16.8
1301 Region 1, NB (Peer group I) 15.8 15.4 16.1 13.9 13.4 14.3 17.4 17.0 17.9
1302 Region 2, NB (Peer group H) 14.7 14.3 15.0 13.0 12.5 13.4 16.0 15.6 16.5
1303 Region 3, NB (Peer group I) 14.7 14.4 15.1 13.0 12.5 13.4 16.3 15.8 16.8
1304 Region 4, NB (Peer group H) 14.4 13.8 15.0 12.8 11.9 13.6 15.8 15.0 16.7
1305 Region 5, NB (Peer group D) 14.7 13.9 15.5 13.3 12.1 14.4 15.9 14.9 17.0
1306 Region 6, NB (Peer group D) 15.8 15.3 16.3 14.0 13.3 14.7 17.6 16.8 18.3
1307 Region 7, NB (Peer group D) 15.1 14.5 15.8 13.7 12.8 14.6 16.5 15.6 17.4
24 Quebec 15.6 15.5 15.6 13.8 13.8 13.9 17.0 17.0 17.1
2401 Bas-Saint-Laurent, QC (Peer group H) 15.5 15.3 15.8 13.9 13.5 14.3 17.0 16.6 17.4
2402 Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, QC (Peer group H) 15.0 14.7 15.2 13.3 12.9 13.6 16.5 16.1 16.9
2403 Québec, QC (Peer group H) 15.8 15.7 16.0 13.7 13.4 13.9 17.5 17.2 17.7
2404 Mauricie et Centre-du-Québec, QC (Peer group H) 15.5 15.3 15.7 13.6 13.4 13.8 17.1 16.9 17.3
2405 Estrie, QC (Peer group H) 15.4 15.2 15.7 13.7 13.3 14.0 16.9 16.6 17.3
2406 Montréal-Centre, QC (Peer group A) 15.9 15.8 16.0 14.2 14.1 14.3 17.2 17.1 17.3
2407 Outaouais, QC (Peer group H) 15.0 14.7 15.2 13.5 13.1 13.9 16.2 15.8 16.6
2408 Abitibi-Témiscamingue, QC (Peer group H) 14.5 14.1 14.8 12.9 12.4 13.4 16.0 15.5 16.5
2409 Côte-Nord, QC (Peer group H) 15.2 14.7 15.7 13.7 13.0 14.4 16.8 16.0 17.6
2410 Nord-du-Québec, QC (Peer group F) 14.0 11.9 16.1 12.6 10.1 15.1 15.5 12.5 18.5
2411 Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine, QC (Peer group D) 15.3 14.9 15.7 13.7 13.2 14.2 17.0 16.4 17.6
2412 Chaudière-Appalaches, QC (Peer group H) 15.5 15.3 15.8 13.7 13.4 14.0 17.3 16.9 17.6
2413 Laval, QC (Peer group I) 16.1 15.8 16.4 14.4 14.1 14.8 17.5 17.1 17.8
2414 Lanaudière, QC (Peer group I) 14.9 14.7 15.2 13.3 13.0 13.6 16.5 16.1 16.8
2415 Laurentides, QC (Peer group H) 15.2 14.9 15.4 13.6 13.3 13.9 16.6 16.3 16.9
2416 Montérégie, QC (Peer group H) 15.5 15.4 15.6 13.9 13.8 14.1 16.9 16.7 17.0
2417 Nunavik, QC (Peer group C) 9.7 7.6 11.8 7.9 5.5 10.3 12.4 8.6 16.1
2418 Terres-Cries-de-la-Baie-James, QC (Peer group C) 12.9 10.9 14.9 14.5 11.6 17.4 11.3 8.7 13.9
35 Ontario by District Health Council (DHC) 15.4 15.4 15.5 14.0 13.9 14.1 16.6 16.6 16.7
3501 Champlain DHC, ON 15.5 15.4 15.7 14.2 14.0 14.4 16.6 16.4 16.8
3502 Quinte-Kingston and Rideau DHC, ON 14.9 14.7 15.1 13.5 13.2 13.7 16.2 15.9 16.4
3503 Durham-Haliburton-Kawartha and Pine Ridge DHC, ON 15.0 14.8 15.2 13.7 13.5 14.0 16.1 15.9 16.3
3504 Toronto DHC, ON 16.2 16.1 16.3 14.8 14.6 14.9 17.3 17.2 17.5
3505 Simcoe-York DHC, ON 15.7 15.6 15.9 14.5 14.2 14.7 16.8 16.6 17.0
3506 Halton-Peel DHC, ON 16.1 15.9 16.3 14.9 14.6 15.1 17.1 16.9 17.4
3507 Waterloo-Wellington-Dufferin DHC, ON 15.4 15.3 15.6 13.9 13.6 14.2 16.7 16.5 17.0
3508 Hamilton-Wentworth DHC, ON 15.2 15.0 15.4 13.8 13.5 14.0 16.4 16.1 16.7
3509 Niagara DHC, ON 15.3 15.1 15.5 14.0 13.7 14.2 16.5 16.2 16.7
3510 Grand River DHC, ON 14.7 14.4 15.0 13.2 12.9 13.6 16.0 15.6 16.3
3511 Thames Valley DHC, ON 15.1 14.9 15.3 13.4 13.1 13.6 16.6 16.3 16.8
3512 Essex-Kent and Lambton DHC, ON 14.8 14.6 15.0 13.2 13.0 13.4 16.2 15.9 16.4
3513 Grey-Bruce-Huron and Perth DHC, ON 15.1 14.9 15.4 13.8 13.4 14.1 16.4 16.1 16.7
3514 Muskoka-Nipissing and Parry Sound DHC, ON 14.4 14.1 14.7 12.8 12.5 13.2 15.9 15.5 16.3
3515 Algoma-Cochrane-Manitoulin and Sudbury DHC, ON 14.2 14.0 14.4 12.7 12.4 13.0 15.6 15.3 15.9
3516 Northwestern Ontario DHC, ON 14.5 14.2 14.7 13.0 12.7 13.4 15.7 15.4 16.1
35 Ontario by Public Health Unit (PHU) 15.4 15.4 15.5 14.0 13.9 14.1 16.6 16.6 16.7
3526 Algoma PHU, ON (Peer group H) 14.6 14.2 15.0 13.1 12.6 13.6 16.1 15.5 16.6
3527 Brant PHU, ON (Peer group I) 14.7 14.3 15.1 13.2 12.6 13.7 16.0 15.5 16.5
3530 Durham PHU, ON (Peer group J) 14.9 14.6 15.1 13.7 13.3 14.0 15.9 15.5 16.2
3531 Elgin-St Thomas PHU, ON (Peer group I) 14.6 14.1 15.0 12.8 12.2 13.4 16.2 15.5 16.8
3533 Bruce-Grey-Owen Sound PHU, ON (Peer group I) 15.0 14.7 15.3 13.7 13.3 14.1 16.1 15.7 16.5
3534 Haldimand-Norfolk PHU, ON (Peer group I) 14.7 14.3 15.1 13.3 12.8 13.9 16.0 15.4 16.5
3535 Haliburton-Kawartha-Pine Ridge PHU, ON (Peer group I) 15.1 14.8 15.4 13.9 13.5 14.3 16.3 15.9 16.7
3536 Halton PHU, ON (Peer group J) 16.3 16.0 16.5 14.8 14.4 15.2 17.5 17.1 17.9
3537 Hamilton PHU, ON (Peer group H) 15.2 15.0 15.4 13.8 13.5 14.0 16.4 16.1 16.7
3538 Hastings and Prince Edward PHU, ON (Peer group I) 14.9 14.6 15.2 13.3 12.9 13.8 16.3 15.8 16.7
3539 Huron PHU, ON (Peer group G) 15.4 14.9 15.8 13.8 13.2 14.5 16.8 16.1 17.5
3540 Kent-Chatham PHU, ON (Peer group I) 14.1 13.7 14.4 12.5 12.0 12.9 15.4 14.9 15.9
3541 Kingston-Frontenac-Lennox and Addington PHU, ON (Peer group I) 15.0 14.6 15.3 13.6 13.2 14.0 16.1 15.7 16.6
3542 Lambton PHU, ON (Peer group I) 15.2 14.8 15.5 13.6 13.1 14.1 16.6 16.1 17.1
3543 Leeds-Grenville-Lanark PHU, ON (Peer group I) 14.8 14.5 15.1 13.3 12.9 13.8 16.0 15.6 16.4
3544 Middlesex-London PHU, ON (Peer group I) 15.2 15.0 15.5 13.5 13.2 13.8 16.7 16.4 17.0
3545 Muskoka-Parry Sound PHU, ON (Peer group E) 15.0 14.6 15.4 13.5 13.0 14.1 16.5 15.9 17.1
3546 Niagara PHU, ON (Peer group I) 15.3 15.1 15.5 14.0 13.7 14.2 16.5 16.2 16.7
3547 North Bay PHU, ON (Peer group H) 13.9 13.5 14.3 12.3 11.7 12.8 15.4 14.8 16.0
3549 Northwestern PHU, ON (Peer group G) 14.0 13.5 14.5 12.7 12.0 13.4 15.2 14.5 15.9
3551 Ottawa PHU, ON (Peer group B) 16.0 15.9 16.2 14.8 14.5 15.1 17.0 16.7 17.2
3552 Oxford PHU, ON (Peer group I) 15.1 14.7 15.5 13.6 13.0 14.2 16.4 15.8 17.0
3553 Peel PHU, ON (Peer group B) 16.0 15.8 16.2 14.9 14.6 15.2 16.9 16.6 17.2
3554 Perth PHU, ON (Peer group G) 15.4 14.9 15.9 13.8 13.1 14.4 16.8 16.2 17.5
3555 Peterborough PHU, ON (Peer group I) 15.2 14.8 15.5 13.7 13.3 14.2 16.4 15.9 16.9
3556 Porcupine PHU, ON (Peer group H) 13.8 13.4 14.3 12.4 11.8 13.0 15.2 14.6 15.9
3557 Renfrew PHU, ON (Peer group G) 14.6 14.2 15.0 12.9 12.3 13.4 16.2 15.6 16.8
3558 Eastern Ontario PHU, ON (Peer group I) 14.5 14.2 14.8 13.2 12.8 13.7 15.7 15.3 16.1
3560 Simcoe PHU, ON (Peer group J) 15.1 14.9 15.4 13.7 13.4 14.0 16.5 16.1 16.8
3561 Sudbury PHU, ON (Peer group H) 14.1 13.8 14.4 12.7 12.3 13.1 15.5 15.1 15.9
3562 Thunder Bay PHU, ON (Peer group I) 14.6 14.3 14.9 13.1 12.7 13.6 15.9 15.5 16.4
3563 Timiskaming PHU, ON (Peer group E) 14.1 13.5 14.7 12.5 11.7 13.4 15.5 14.7 16.4
3565 Waterloo PHU, ON (Peer group I) 15.4 15.2 15.7 13.8 13.4 14.1 16.8 16.5 17.1
3566 Wellington-Dufferin-Guelph PHU, ON (Peer group J) 15.5 15.2 15.8 14.2 13.8 14.6 16.6 16.2 17.0
3568 Windsor-Essex PHU, ON (Peer group I) 14.9 14.7 15.1 13.3 13.0 13.6 16.3 16.0 16.6
3570 York PHU, ON (Peer group B) 16.2 16.0 16.5 15.2 14.9 15.6 17.1 16.8 17.4
3595 Toronto PHU, ON (Peer group A) 16.2 16.1 16.3 14.8 14.6 14.9 17.3 17.2 17.5
46 Manitoba 15.5 15.4 15.6 14.0 13.8 14.2 16.8 16.6 17.0
4610 Winnipeg, MB (Peer group H) 15.5 15.3 15.6 13.9 13.6 14.1 16.7 16.5 16.9
4615 Brandon, MB (Peer group I) 15.9 15.3 16.5 15.0 14.1 15.9 16.7 15.9 17.5
4620 North Eastman, MB (Peer group G) 16.2 15.4 17.0 14.5 13.5 15.5 18.2 17.0 19.4
4625 South Eastman, MB (Peer group G) 15.6 14.9 16.2 13.8 12.9 14.6 17.5 16.5 18.4
4630 Interlake, MB (Peer group G) 15.0 14.5 15.5 13.8 13.1 14.4 16.2 15.5 16.9
4640 Central, MB (Peer group G) 16.3 15.8 16.7 14.9 14.3 15.5 17.5 16.9 18.1
4650 Marquette, MB (Peer group E) 16.3 15.7 16.9 14.7 13.9 15.5 17.9 17.1 18.8
4655 South Westman, MB (Peer group E) 15.2 14.7 15.8 13.9 13.1 14.7 16.5 15.7 17.3
4660 Parkland, MB (Peer group E) 15.4 14.9 15.9 14.0 13.3 14.7 16.8 16.0 17.6
4670 Norman, MB (Peer group F) 12.6 11.7 13.6 11.3 10.0 12.5 14.1 12.6 15.5
4680, 4690 Burntwood and Churchill, MB (Peer group C) 12.4 11.2 13.6 11.9 10.3 13.5 13.1 11.4 14.9
4680 Burntwood, MB (Peer group C) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
4690 Churchill, MB (Peer group F) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
47 Saskatchewan 16.1 15.9 16.2 14.6 14.4 14.7 17.5 17.3 17.7
4701 Weyburn SA, SK (Peer group G) 16.5 16.0 17.0 14.7 14.0 15.4 18.3 17.6 19.0
4702 Moose Jaw SA, SK (Peer group E) 16.1 15.6 16.5 14.5 13.8 15.1 17.5 16.8 18.2
4703 Swift Current SA, SK (Peer group G) 16.5 16.0 17.1 15.2 14.4 16.0 17.8 17.0 18.6
4704 Regina SA, SK (Peer group I) 16.1 15.8 16.3 14.3 13.9 14.7 17.6 17.2 18.0
4705 Yorkton SA, SK (Peer group E) 15.9 15.5 16.3 14.6 14.0 15.1 17.2 16.6 17.8
4706 Saskatoon SA, SK (Peer group I) 16.0 15.8 16.3 14.5 14.1 14.8 17.4 17.0 17.8
4707 Rosetown SA, SK (Peer group G) 15.4 14.9 15.9 13.8 13.1 14.5 17.0 16.2 17.7
4708 Melfort SA, SK (Peer group E) 16.5 15.9 17.0 15.5 14.7 16.2 17.5 16.6 18.3
4709 Prince Albert SA, SK (Peer group E) 16.5 16.0 17.1 15.2 14.4 15.9 17.8 17.1 18.6
4710 North Battleford SA, SK (Peer group E) 16.0 15.4 16.6 14.7 13.9 15.4 17.4 16.6 18.2
4711 Northern Health Services Branch, SK (Peer group C) 13.5 12.1 14.8 13.0 11.3 14.8 14.1 12.0 16.2
48 Alberta 15.6 15.5 15.7 14.3 14.2 14.5 16.7 16.6 16.9
4801 Chinook RHA, AB (Peer group G) 15.4 15.1 15.8 14.3 13.8 14.8 16.4 15.9 16.9
4802 Palliser HA, AB (Peer group G) 16.1 15.6 16.6 14.7 14.0 15.4 17.4 16.7 18.0
4803 Headwaters HA, AB (Peer group J) 15.6 15.0 16.1 14.0 13.2 14.8 17.0 16.2 17.8
4804 Calgary RHA, AB (Peer group B) 15.9 15.7 16.1 14.8 14.5 15.1 16.8 16.5 17.1
4805 HA #5, AB (Peer group G) 15.7 15.1 16.3 14.8 14.0 15.7 16.6 15.7 17.4
4806 David Thompson RHA, AB (Peer group G) 15.3 15.0 15.7 14.2 13.7 14.7 16.4 15.9 16.9
4807 East Central HA, AB (Peer group G) 15.7 15.3 16.1 14.2 13.7 14.8 17.2 16.7 17.8
4808 Westview RHA, AB (Peer group J) 16.7 15.9 17.4 14.7 13.7 15.6 18.6 17.4 19.8
4809 Crossroads RHA, AB (Peer group G) 14.2 13.5 14.9 12.4 11.5 13.3 15.9 14.9 17.0
4810 Capital HA, AB (Peer group B) 15.7 15.5 15.9 14.4 14.1 14.7 16.8 16.5 17.0
4811 Aspen RHA, AB (Peer group G) 15.8 15.3 16.3 14.3 13.6 15.0 17.4 16.6 18.2
4812 Lakeland RHA, AB (Peer group G) 14.3 13.9 14.8 13.0 12.5 13.6 15.7 15.1 16.4
4813 Mistahia RHA, AB (Peer group F) 14.7 14.1 15.2 13.6 12.8 14.4 15.7 14.9 16.6
4814 Peace RHA, AB (Peer group G) 12.8 11.7 13.8 11.5 10.2 12.8 14.3 12.7 15.8
4815 Keeweetinok Lakes RHA, AB (Peer group F) 14.6 13.2 15.9 14.1 12.2 16.0 15.4 13.4 17.4
4816 Northern Lights RHA, AB (Peer group F) 13.0 11.3 14.6 11.8 9.6 14.1 14.3 12.0 16.6
4817 Northwestern RHA, AB (Peer group F) 18.3 15.8 20.7 19.3 16.0 22.5 18.1 15.0 21.1
59 British Columbia 16.1 16.0 16.2 14.8 14.7 14.9 17.3 17.2 17.4
5901T East Kootenay, BC (Peer group G) (January 2000) 15.7 15.2 16.2 14.4 13.7 15.1 17.0 16.3 17.8
5902T West Kootenay-Boundary, BC (Peer group I) (January 2000) 15.3 14.8 15.8 14.0 13.4 14.6 16.5 15.9 17.2
5903T North Okanagan, BC (Peer group I) (January 2000) 16.0 15.6 16.4 14.9 14.4 15.4 17.1 16.5 17.6
5904T South Okanagan Similkameen, BC (Peer group I) (January 2000) 16.8 16.5 17.1 15.3 15.0 15.7 18.2 17.8 18.6
5905T Thompson, BC (Peer group I) (January 2000) 15.1 14.6 15.5 14.0 13.4 14.5 16.2 15.5 16.8
5906T Fraser Valley, BC (Peer group I) (January 2000) 15.8 15.5 16.1 14.7 14.3 15.1 16.8 16.4 17.2
5907T South Fraser Valley, BC (Peer group B) (January 2000) 16.2 16.0 16.4 15.0 14.7 15.3 17.3 16.9 17.6
5922T Burnaby/Simon Fraser, BC (January 2000) 15.6 15.4 15.8 14.1 13.8 14.4 16.9 16.6 17.2
5917T Burnaby, BC (Peer group A) (January 2000) 15.9 15.6 16.3 14.3 13.8 14.7 17.4 17.0 17.9
5908T Simon Fraser, BC (Peer group B) (January 2000) 15.4 15.1 15.7 14.0 13.6 14.4 16.5 16.1 16.9
5909T Coast Garibaldi, BC (Peer group J) (January 2000) 15.7 15.1 16.2 14.6 13.8 15.3 16.8 16.0 17.6
5910T Central Vancouver Island, BC (Peer group I) (January 2000) 16.0 15.7 16.3 14.9 14.6 15.3 17.0 16.6 17.4
5911T Upper Island/Central Coast, BC (Peer group J) (January 2000) 15.3 14.8 15.8 14.6 13.9 15.2 16.1 15.4 16.7
5912T Cariboo, BC (Peer group F) (January 2000) 14.8 14.1 15.5 13.7 12.8 14.5 16.1 15.1 17.1
5913T North West, BC (Peer group F) (January 2000) 15.0 14.2 15.7 14.5 13.5 15.6 15.4 14.4 16.4
5914T Peace Liard, BC (Peer group F) (January 2000) 15.0 14.2 15.9 13.8 12.7 14.9 16.3 15.1 17.5
5915T Northern Interior, BC (Peer group F) (January 2000) 14.6 14.0 15.1 13.0 12.3 13.8 16.3 15.4 17.2
5921T Vancouver/Richmond, BC (January 2000) 16.7 16.6 16.9 15.2 14.9 15.4 18.0 17.8 18.3
5916T Vancouver, BC (Peer group A) (January 2000) 16.6 16.4 16.8 15.0 14.7 15.3 17.9 17.6 18.2
5919T Richmond, BC (Peer group A) (January 2000) 17.3 16.8 17.7 15.6 15.1 16.2 18.6 18.0 19.2
5918T North Shore, BC (Peer group B) (January 2000) 16.6 16.3 17.0 15.7 15.2 16.2 17.4 17.0 17.9
5920T Capital, BC (Peer group I) (January 2000) 16.5 16.3 16.7 15.3 15.0 15.6 17.5 17.2 17.8
60 Yukon Territory 13.9 12.6 15.2 11.8 10.3 13.3 16.7 14.5 18.9
6001 Yukon Territory (Peer group F) 13.9 12.6 15.2 11.8 10.3 13.3 16.7 14.5 18.9
61 Northwest Territories excluding Nunavut 14.8 13.4 16.1 14.2 12.3 16.1 15.5 13.5 17.5
6101 Northwest Territories excluding Nunavut (Peer group F) 14.8 13.4 16.1 14.2 12.3 16.1 15.5 13.5 17.5
62 Nunavut 12.9 10.8 15.0 12.7 10.0 15.3 12.2 9.5 14.9
6201 Nunavut (Peer group C) 12.9 10.8 15.0 12.7 10.0 15.3 12.2 9.5 14.9

1. Data sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Birth and Death Databases, Demography Division (population estimates), and the 1996 Census (20% sample)
2. Life expectancy is the number of years a person would be expected to live, starting from birth (for life expectancy at birth) or at age 65 (for life expectancy at age 65), on the basis of the mortality statistics for a given observation period.
3. Disability-adjusted life expectancy (DALE) is a more comprehensive indicator than that of life expectancy because it introduces the concept of quality of life. DALE integrates data on mortality, long-term institutionalization and activity limitations in the population and represents a comprehensive index of population health status. Thus, the emphasis is not exclusively on the length of life, but also on the quality of life.
4. To calculate DALE, a set of weights (relative values) is assigned to four states of health. These states are, in order from greatest to least weight: no activity limitations, activity limitations in leisure activities or transportation, activity limitations at work, home and/or school and institutionalization in a health care facility. These units are summed to yield a type of 'quality-adjusted' life expectancy.
5. The estimates are based on three years of death data (for example, 1995 to 1997), questions on activity limitations from the 1996 Census, and the 1996 population estimates. The reference period associated with these data reflects the mid-point of the three-year period (for example, 1996).
6. The formula for disability-adjusted life expectancy is based on Sullivan’s method (Sullivan DF. A single index of mortality and morbidity. HSMHA Health Reports 86 (April 1971): 347-354). Weights (relative values) have been set in consultation with health experts at Statistics Canada.
7. The 95 % confidence interval (CI) illustrates the degree of variability associated with a number or a rate. Wide confidence intervals indicate high variability, thus, these numbers or rates should be interpreted and compared with due caution.
8. Health regions are defined by provincial governments as the areas of responsibility for regional health boards (i.e., legislated) or as regions of interest to health care authorities.
9. A "peer group" is a grouping of health regions that have similar social and economic characteristics.
10. In Newfoundland and Labrador, health regions are generally referred to as Health and Community Services (HCS) regions.
11. In Prince Edward Island, the two health regions divide the province into urban and rural components.
12. Prince Edward Island has defined these health regions for statistical purposes only; they bear no resemblance to the boundaries of the five actual administrative health regions.
13. In Nova Scotia, health regions are known as "health zones" and relate to the province’s administrative health region boundaries.
14. In Ontario, Public Health Units (PHU) administer health promotion and disease prevention programs, and District Health Councils (DHC) are advisory, health planning organizations.
15. Because of the small population of Churchill, Manitoba, data for Churchill (region 4690) are combined with Burntwood (region 4680) under the name Burntwood and Churchill.
16. In Saskatchewan, "service areas" (SA) have been created from groupings of the 33 health districts.
17. In Alberta, health regions are referred to as Health Authorities (HA) or Regional Health Authorities (RHA).
18. British Columbia's health service delivery areas are identified with the reference date as part of the health region name; the old health regions are identified with "T" following the code.
19. The following symbols are used in Statistics Canada publications: (..) for figures not available and (...) for figures not appropriate or not applicable.
20. CANSIM table number 01020020.
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