6. Overview of classification mapping

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This section provides a broad summary of the mapping of NAICS, NAPCS, NOC-S and CIP classifications to culture domains and sub-domains. It discusses, in general, how these classifications correspond to the framework. This provides a first step for identifying where the classifications match well with the framework and flagging areas where more customized analysis would be required.

This is intended to be a brief overview. Full detail on the mapping of the classifications to the framework can be found in the classification tables.

6.1 Summary of mapping by domain

6.1.1 Heritage and Libraries

Archives

• NAICS has an identifiable industry, Archives (NAICS 519122).
• NAPCS provides product codes for Admissions to archives (NAPCS 519031.1.2.1) and Archival institution services (NAPCS 519031.1.2.2). Non-monetary (free) archival services, such as access to collections or research advice, would not be captured since NAPCS is transaction ($) based.
• NOC-S captures Archivists (NOC-S F013) as a distinct category. Technical archival support is aggregated with Library and Archive Technicians and Assistants (NOC-S F111). Another related occupation is Records Management and Filing Clerks (NOC-S B513). Archive management is aggregated with Library, Archive, Museum and Art gallery Managers (NOC-S A341).

Libraries

• NAICS has an identifiable industry, Libraries (NAICS 519121)
• NAPCS aggregates all library products in one category under Lending library services (519031.1.1). As NAPCS is transaction based, it does not capture "non-monetary" transactions such as library loans.
• NOC-S distinguishes between Librarians (NOC-S F011) and Library Clerks (NOC-S B551). Library supervisors are included within Supervisors, Library, Correspondence and Related Information Clerks (NOC-S B413). Technical support is combined with Library and Archive Technicians and Assistants (NOC-S F111). Library management is aggregated with Library, Archive, Museum and Art Gallery Managers (NOC-S A341).

Cultural Heritage

• NAICS identifies three national level industries under Museums (NAICS 71211). It also distinguishes Historic and Heritage Sites (NAICS 71212).
• NAPCS has codes for a variety of products and services related to cultural heritage, including admissions, consulting services, and public programs. As NAPCS is transaction-based, however, the codes refer only to those admissions and services for which a fee is charged. No definition is available in NAPCS for "free admissions."
• NOC-S identifies Conservators and curators (NOC-S F012), as well as Technical Support Occupations Related to Museums and Art Galleries (NOC-S F112). Managers are aggregated with Library, Archive, Museum and Art Gallery Managers (NOC-S A341).

Natural Heritage

• NAICS identifies Zoos and Botanical Gardens (NAICS 71213) and Nature Parks and Other Similar Institutions (NAICS 71219).
• NAPCS has detailed codes for Admissions to zoos and botanical gardens (NAPCS 712001.1.3) and Admissions to nature parks and other natural areas (NAPCS 712001.1.4).
• The NOC-S codes for Natural Heritage consist of Conservation and Fishery Officers (NOC-S C124, which includes park rangers), Forestry Technologists and Technicians (NOC-S C123) and also Biological Technologists and Technicians (NOC-S C121).

6.1.2 Live Performance

Performing Arts

• NAICS identifies Performing Arts Companies (NAICS 7111) which include Theatre (except Musical) Companies (NAICS 711111), Musical theatre and Opera companies (NAICS 711112), Dance companies (NAICS 71112), Musical Groups and Artists (NAICS 71113), and Other Performing Arts Companies (NAICS 71119). NAICS also identifies Live Theatres and Other Performing Arts Presenters with Facilities (NAICS 711311) and Performing Arts Promoters (Presenters) without Facilities (NAICS 711321). NAICS also identifies an industry for Independent Actors, Comedians and Performers (NAICS 711512).
• NAPCS has detailed products codes for Admissions to live performances (NAPCS 711012), as well as codes for Sport and performing arts events organization services (NAPCS 711013.1), Contract production of live performances (NAPCS 711021.1), and Support services for live events (NAPCS 711041.1). At more aggregated levels, however, these codes are grouped with sport. NAPCS also includes Other media rights (NAPCS 711032.1.2) and Performing arts society and club membership services (NAPCS 813001.1.3).
• NOC-S has relatively detailed coverage of performers (including F033, F034, F035 and F132). It also identifies Producers, Directors, Choreographers and Related Occupations (NOC-S F031). There are no identifiable management, technical or support occupations related to the performing arts alone. Instead, they are aggregated within three occupational grouping: Managers - Publishing, Motion Pictures, Broadcasting and the Performing Arts (NOC-S A342), Other Technical Support and Co-ordinating Occupations in Motion Pictures, Broadcasting and Performing Arts (NOC-S F126), and Support Occupations in Motion Pictures, Broadcasting and Performing Arts (NOC-S F127).

Festivals and Celebrations

• NAICS includes Festivals without Facilities (NAICS 711322).
• There are no NAPCS codes that can be allocated directly to Festivals and Celebrations,although a portion of Admissions to live performances (NAPCS 711012) could be applied to this sub-domain.
• The only NOC-S code that is pertinent to Festivals and Celebrations is Conference and Event Planners (NOC-S B316).

6.1.3 Visual and Applied Arts

Original Visual Art

• NAICS identifies Independent Artists, Visual Arts (NAICS 711511). Commercial art dealers and galleries are included in Art Dealers (NAICS 45392).
• NAPCS contains a code for Artists' sales of paintings, sculptures and other artistic works (NAPCS 711031.2). Licensing products for Visual arts are aggregated with Licensing of rights to use copyrighted works (NAPCS 711031.1) which is treated as multi-domain.
• NOC-S identifies Painters, Sculptors and Other Visual Artists (NOC-S F036). This category includes instructors and teachers.

Art Reproductions

• The only identifiable industry is Print and Picture Frame Stores (NAICS 442292). However, activity related to the production of these products is likely subsumed within a variety of manufacturing industries.
• The only relevant category for this domain is Art prints (NAPCS 511014.4.1).
• NOC-S has no specific occupation codes related directly to the creation of reproductions, although NOC-S F036 Painters, Sculptors and Other Visual Artists includes reproduction woodcarvers and silkscreen artists.

Photography

• Photographic Services (54192) includes all photographic services, including photographers with studios who offer a variety of photographic services including still, moving and digital photography. NAICS also identifies Photo Finishing Services (NAICS 81292) and stock photo agencies are included in All Other Information Services (NAICS 51919).
• NAPCS has several detailed codes related to photography services including Professional photography services (NAPCS 541099.2), and Photo finishing services (NAPCS 812029.1). The production and sale of original photographic art are included, along with other types of original visual art, in Artists' sales of paintings, sculptures and other artistic works (NAPCS 711031.2) which is mapped to the Original Visual Artdomain. NAPCS also includes Licensing of stock photos (NAPCS 519031.3). Licensing for the reproduction of other original photography is aggregated with Licensing of rights to use copyrighted works (NAPCS 711031.1) which is treated as multi-domain.
• NOC-S identifies Photographers (NOC-S F121) and Photographic and Film Processors (NOC-S J184).

Crafts

• NAICS – Crafts are not currently identifiable in NAICS 2007, as they are subsumed in a variety of manufacturing industries. As a result, large numbers of classified manufacturing industries contain elements of craft production. Using NAICS 2007, the classification tables identify 'partials' for crafts establishments at the 3-digit level, because of the conceptual difficulty of identifying craft production within manufacturing industries. For those individuals who work independently in crafts, NAICS 2012 will be altered to explicitly include craftspeople with Independent Artists, Visual Arts (NAICS code 711511). Establishments primarily involved in the wholesaling and retailing of crafts are also included (as partials) in related industries.
• NAPCS does not contain codes that specifically identify handmade crafts.
• NOC-S identifies a distinct code for Artisans and Craftspersons (NOC-S F144).

Advertising

• Advertising, Public Relations and Related Services (NAICS 5418) includes a variety of industries for which we are only interested in establishments whose primary activity is the creation of advertising content.
• NAPCS contains three codes relevant to advertising: Advertising creative services (NAPCS 541081.1.3), Integrated marketing communication (NAPCS 541081.1.1) and Multiple advertising services (NAPCS 541081.1.2), which are a partial codes for advertising creation only.
• NOC-S does not contain a code that is specific to Advertising as defined by the framework. Occupations related to advertising creation may be subsumed in other sub-domains, such as Design.

Architecture

• NAICS identifies Architectural Services (NAICS 54131) and Landscape Architectural Services (NAICS 54132). In addition, we have included Drafting Services (NAICS 54134) in this domain.
• NAPCS identifies extensive products within Architectural services (NAPCS 541031). This includes Architectural products (NAPCS 541031.1), Landscape architectural products (541031.2), and Urban planning products (541031.3.). We also include Drafting services (NAPCS 541033.1). The codes do not distinguish between services that are purely creative from those that overlap with the construction stage of the project.
• NOC-S identifies creator codes of Architects (NOC-S CO51), Landscape Architects (NOC-S C052) and Urban and Land Use Planners (NOC-S C053). Architect managers are aggregated under code NOC-S A123, Architect and Science Managers. Technical support codes include Architectural Technologists and Technicians (C151), Landscape and Horticultural Technicians and Specialists (NOC-S C125), and Drafting Technologists and Technicians (C153).

Design

• NAICS includes a variety of design industries within Specialized Design Services (NAICS 5414). Website design is aggregated within Computer Systems Design and Related Services (NAICS 54151), and is treated as a partial.
• NAPCS has detailed codes for Specialized design services (NAPCS 541041). These design products are based on the type of project, such as residential, corporate, retail, historic building, furniture, consumer products, advertising, typeface, broadcast, film, book, magazine, jewellery, etc. We have also included Website design and development services (NAPCS 541051.1.1) in this domain.
• NOC-S has detailed occupational codes for creators in a number of designer categories that cover web, industrial, graphic, theatre, fashion, exhibit, interior design and other occupations (NOC–S C075, NOC-S C152, NOC-S F141-F143, and NOC-S F145). Technical support is represented by NOC-S F123, Graphic Arts Technicians.

6.1.4 Written and Published Works

• At the domain level for Written and Published Works, most printing is included in Other Printing (NAICS 323119) and Support Activities for Printing (NAICS 32312). Retailing of books, periodicals and newspapers is grouped together in Book Stores and News Dealers (NAICS 45121) and wholesaling activity is grouped within Book, Periodical and Newspaper Wholesaler-Distributors (NAICS 41442) and Wholesale Agents and Brokers (NAICS 41912), which cover agents for books, periodicals and newspapers. Independent Writers and Authors (NAICS 711513) and Translation and Interpretation Services (NAICS 54193, partial for translators only) are applicable to all sub-domains in Written and Published Works, so they are also allocated to the domain level.
  NOC-S has a number of creative occupations that are aggregated at the domain level for Written and Published Works that cannot be allocated to sub-domains. They include Authors and Writers (NOC-S F021), Editors (NOC-S F022), Journalists (NOC-S F023), and Translators, Terminologists and Interpreters (NOC-S F025, which is a partial, given our interest in translators only). NOC-S has a variety of manufacturing and technical occupations related to printing, finishing, binding, camera and listed in the classification tables.

Books:

• Book publishers (NAICS 51113) include some exclusive agents Distributors are currently classified in Book, Periodical and Newspaper Wholesaler-Distributors (NAICS 41442). When NAICS is updated and available as NAICS 2012, all exclusive agents will be classified to the Book Publishing industry code.
• NAPCS has detailed codes for books, both in print and online, by type of publication in Books, print (NAPCS 511013) and selected codes within Internet publishing and broadcasting services (NAPCS 519011).

Periodicals:

• NAICS includes Periodical Publishers (NAICS 51112).
• NAPCS has detailed codes for periodicals, both in print and online, by type of periodical in Periodicals, print (NAPCS 511012) and selected codes within Internet publishing and broadcasting services (NAPCS 519011).

Newspapers

• NAICS identifies Newspaper Publishers (NAICS 51111) and News Syndicates (NAICS 51911).
• NAPCS has detailed codes for newspapers, both in print and online, by general and specialized newspapers in Newspapers, print (NAPCS 511011) as well as selected codes within Internet publishing and broadcasting services (NAPCS 519011).

Other Published Works

• Other Publishers (NAICS 51119) cover specialty publishers, which publish materials in print or electronic form.
• NAPCS has detailed product codes in Consumer publications n.e.c. (NAPCS 511014.4), in categories such as posters, calendars, greeting cards, postcards, etc.

Collected Information:

• Directory and Mailing List Publishers (NAICS 51114), which consists of catalogues, directories and other publications of copyright protected information, represent the Collected Information sub-domain for which we are only interested in their design activity.
• NAPCS: Because this domain is ancillary, the framework only covers the design of the directories and databases, not the final product. Therefore, only Database design and development services (NAPCS 541051.1.2) is in scope.

6.1.5 Audio-visual and Interactive Media

Film and Video

• NAICS provides detailed codes for the Film and Video domain for the various stages of the creative chain within Motion Picture and Video Industries (NAICS 5121). In addition, NAICS identifies Video Cassette Wholesalers (NAICS 41445) and Video Tape and Disc Rental (NAICS 53223).
• NAPCS has very detailed product and service codes related to the creative chain for Film and Video, including a wide range of licensing products, which are listed in the classification tables.
• NOC-S F122 Film and Video Camera Operators is the only distinct occupational code for Film and Video. Producers and directors are aggregated with choreographers and other related occupations under Producers, Directors, Choreographers and Related Occupations (NOC-S F031), which are listed in the tables for Performing Arts. There are no identifiable management, technical or support occupations related to film and video alone: Instead, they are aggregated within three occupational grouping: Managers – Publishing, Motion Pictures, Broadcasting and the Performing Arts (NOC-S A342), Other Technical Support and Co-ordinating Occupations in Motion Pictures, Broadcasting and Performing Arts (NOC-S F126), and Support Occupations in Motion Pictures, Broadcasting and Performing Arts (NOC-S F127). Audio and Video Recording Technicians (NOC-S F125) is a single occupational code used for technical recording support for the Film and Video, Broadcasting and Sound Recording sub-domains, and is coded as multi-domain.

Broadcasting

• NAICS has codes for Radio Broadcasting (NAICS 51511), Television Broadcasting (NAICS 51512), Pay and Specialty Television (NAICS 51521), and Cable and Other Program Distribution (NAICS 517112). Internet broadcasting by establishments with no traditional broadcasting activity is aggregated with Internet Publishing and Broadcasting, and Web Search Portals (NAICS 51913) which is coded as multi-domain.
• NAPCS identifies a variety of products related to cable including the Licensing of rights to distribute copyrighted content of specialty programmers (NAPCS 515011) and Cable and satellite television subscription services (NAPCS 517021).
• NOC-S has codes for Announcers and Other Broadcasters (NOC-S F131), and Broadcast Technicians (NOC-S F124). Audio and Video Recording Technicians (NOC-S F125) is the single occupational code that is used for technical support for the Film and Video, Broadcastingand Sound Recording sub-domains. Otherwise, most occupations in broadcasting are aggregated with similar occupations in other sub-domains like film and video, broadcasting and the performing arts (NOC-S A342, NOC-S F126, and NOC-S F127). Senior broadcasting managers are grouped in Senior Managers –Trade, Broadcasting and Other Services (NOC-S A015).

Interactive Media

• NAICS does not contain codes to identify any stand-alone interactive media industries. The revision of NAICS for 2012 will identify video game developers and publishers at the national industry level. Video game stores are captured within Hobby Toy and Game Stores (NAICS 45112).
• NAPCS does not identify any distinct interactive media services or products. Instead, video games are aggregated with home software applications. A NAPCS code titled Video Games (NAPCS 713022.2.1.1) refers only to coin-operated video games. Rental of video games is included with Rental of movies and games on DVDs, tapes and cassettes (NAPCS 532002.1.5) which is mapped to Film and Video.
• The CFCS is only interested in those occupations directly related to the creation and development of interactive media as culture products. It does not include computer programmers as a culture occupation. Thus, Computer Programmers and Interactive Media Developers (NOC-S C074), is a partial.

6.1.6 Sound Recording

Sound recording:

• NAICS has industry codes for Record Production (NAICS 51221), Integrated Record Production/Distribution (NAICS 51222), Sound Recording Studios (NAICS 51224) and Other Sound Recording Industries (NAICS 51229). Wholesale and retail activity are included in Sound Recording Wholesalers (NAICS 41444) and Pre-recorded Tape, Compact Disc and Record Stores (NAICS 45122).
• NAPCS has many detailed codes within Sound Recordings (NAPCS 512022), as well as Studio and live recording services (NAPCS 512021), Licensing of rights to use sound recordings (NAPCS 512023.1.2), Distribution of sound recordings of others (NAPCS 512024) and Rental of recording studio facilities (NAPCS 531012.2.8.1).
• Audio and Video Recording Technicians (NOC-S F125), is the only code relevant to the Sound Recording sub-domain. It is shared by the Film and Video, Broadcastingand Sound Recording sub-domains and is thus considered Unallocated. There are no distinct culture occupation codes for sound recording.

Music Publishing:

• NAICS identifies Music Publishing (NAICS 51223).
• NAPCS has detailed codes within Licensing of rights to use musical works (NAPCS 512023.1.1) and Contract production of copyrighted music works (NAPCS 711022.2), as well as Music books (NAPCS 511013.6) and Sheet music, folios and electronic musical text (NAPCS 511013.7).
• Composers and arrangers are included here in Conductors, Composers and Arrangers (NOC-S F032). Songwriters are included with other writers (NOC-S F021).

6.1.7 Education and Training

• NAICS 611 identifies educational industries by level of the institution (e.g. secondary, university, fine arts schools), however, NAICS is focused on business information and most information on the NAICS education industries is limited to private training. All of these industries are treated as partial because the framework only includes those education establishments offering culture programs. Educators, who are primarily artists and performers, are categorized as Independent Artists, Writers and Performers (NAICS 7115).
• NAPCS has detailed codes for educational programs (NAPCS 611001 to 611004), by the subject of the programs.
• NOC-S has education and training occupations but they are aggregated by level of the educational system. They are not directly related to culture. Instead, jobs in culture education will have to be derived from a combination of occupation and educational program in order to identify education positions related to culture. It should also be noted that some of the Creative and Performing Artist occupations (NOC-S F03) include artists and performers who work privately as instructors or in studios and private art schools.
• CIP codes can be used to classify education and training programs (within institutions), particularly at the post-secondary level. This classification provides detailed program codes for educational programs related to culture.

6.1.8 Governance, Funding and Professional Support

• NAICS contains government entities grouped by level of government. Program detail is not available to capture culture programs. Similarly, professional services related to culture tend to be aggregated into larger industrial groups such as Labour, Business or Professional organizations, Grant-making services, or Agents and Managers. Endowment funds used to collect and administer donations for not-for-profit culture institutions (theatres, museums, etc) are included with Other Miscellaneous Funds and Financial vehicles (NAICS 526989).
• NAPCS has no detailed products related to this domain, except for detailed codes for basic and applied research products. There are other product codes for career management services, representation in contracts, and association or union membership services. These codes are partial for culture.
• There are no distinct culture occupations directly related to the Governance, Funding and Professional Support sub-domain. Jobs in government that involve responsibilities for culture activity have to be derived from a combination of general occupations (managers, policy and program officers, economists and researchers) and government programs to identify government jobs related to culture.