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Table 9
National Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development, in the social sciences and humanities, Canada

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National Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development, in the social sciences and humanities, Canada
Funding sector Performing sector
Federal government Provincial governments Provincial research organizations Business enterprise Higher education Private non-profit organizations Total
  millions of dollars
2008 p Social sciences  
Total 177 34 .. .. 1,951 16 2,179
Federal government 177 .. .. .. 410 4 591
Provincial governments 0 34 .. .. 203 4 241
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 34 0 s 34
Higher education .. .. .. .. 1,157 .. 1,157
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 148 7 155
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 1 1
2007 p Social sciences  
Total 176 33 .. .. 1,932 15 2,156
Federal government 176 .. .. .. 406 4 585
Provincial governments 0 33 .. .. 201 4 238
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 33 0 s 34
Higher education .. .. .. .. 1,146 .. 1,146
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 146 7 153
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 1 1
2006 Social sciences  
Total 156 31 .. .. 1,909 15 2,112
Federal government 156 .. .. .. 401 4 561
Provincial governments 0 31 .. .. 199 4 233
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 33 0 s 33
Higher education .. .. .. .. 1,132 .. 1,132
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 145 7 151
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 1 1
2005 r Social sciences  
Total 124 28 .. .. 1,891 11 2,054
Federal government 124 .. .. .. 416 3 544
Provincial governments 0 28 .. .. 195 3 225
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 30 1 30
Higher education .. .. .. .. 1,111 .. 1,111
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 139 4 143
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 0 s 0 s
2004 r Social sciences  
Total 118 24 .. .. 1,778 5 1,926
Federal government 118 .. .. .. 377 1 497
Provincial governments 0 24 .. .. 208 1 233
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 27 1 28
Higher education .. .. .. .. 1,037 .. 1,037
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 129 2 131
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 0 s 0 s
2003 r Social sciences  
Total 120 24 .. .. 1,599 5 1,748
Federal government 120 .. .. .. 336 1 457
Provincial governments 0 24 .. .. 204 2 230
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 25 1 26
Higher education .. .. .. .. 920 .. 920
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 114 1 115
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 0 s 0 s
2002 r Social sciences  
Total 117 21 .. .. 1,414 4 1,556
Federal government 117 .. .. .. 229 1 346
Provincial governments 0 21 .. .. 165 1 187
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 24 1 24
Higher education .. .. .. .. 885 .. 885
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 111 1 112
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 0 s 0 s
2001 r Social sciences  
Total 93 19 .. .. 1,274 4 1,390
Federal government 93 .. .. .. 231 0 s 324
Provincial governments 0 19 .. .. 142 2 163
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 25 1 26
Higher education .. .. .. .. 778 .. 778
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 98 1 99
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 0 s 0 s
2000 r Social sciences  
Total 85 18 .. .. 1,202 3 1,308
Federal government 85 .. .. .. 187 0 s 272
Provincial governments 0 18 .. .. 117 1 137
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 22 0 s 23
Higher education .. .. .. .. 800 .. 800
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 76 1 77
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 0 s 0 s
1999 r Social sciences  
Total 85 13 .. .. 1,062 9 1,170
Federal government 85 .. .. .. 142 0 s 227
Provincial governments 0 13 .. .. 96 3 112
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 20 0 s 21
Higher education .. .. .. .. 740 .. 740
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 64 5 69
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 1 1
1998 r Social sciences  
Total 76 16 .. .. 904 9 1,005
Federal government 76 .. .. .. 112 1 189
Provincial governments 0 16 .. .. 75 2 93
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 18 1 19
Higher education .. .. .. .. 642 .. 642
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 57 5 62
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 0 s 0 s
1997 r Social sciences  
Total 69 16 .. .. 732 9 826
Federal government 69 .. .. .. 101 1 171
Provincial governments 0 16 .. .. 74 2 92
Provincial research organizations .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Business enterprise .. .. .. .. 16 1 16
Higher education .. .. .. .. 485 .. 485
Private non-profit organizations .. .. .. .. 56 5 62
Foreign .. .. .. .. .. 0 0
Note(s):
Components may not add to totals due to rounding.
Date Modified: 2009-01-22

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