Table A2
Independent variables used in statistical models with GSS data, census metropolitan areas of Montréal, Toronto and Vancouver, 2013

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Table A2
Independent variables used in statistical models with GSS data, census metropolitan areas of Montréal, Toronto and Vancouver, 2013
Table summary
This table displays the results of Independent variables used in statistical models with GSS data. The information is grouped by Independent variables (appearing as row headers), Total, Period of immigration and generation, Recent immigrant, Established immigrant (ref.) and Second generation, calculated using number and percentage units of measure (appearing as column headers).
Independent variables Total Period of immigration and generation
Recent immigrant Established immigrant (ref.) Second generation
number
Total 4,192,535 601,917 2,342,972 1,247,646
  percentage
Sex  
Male 50 56Note * 48 51
Female 50 44Note * 52 49
Age  
15-24 15 15Note ** 6 33Note **
25-34 17 36Note ** 10 19Note **
35-44 21 32Note ** 19 18
45-54 18 9Note E: Use with caution Note ** 22 16Note **
55-64 13 7Note E: Use with caution Note ** 19 6Note **
65 and older 15 FNote ** 23 8Note **
Family situation  
Single 10 6Note E: Use with caution Note ** 12 9Note *
Couple 19 16Note ** 24 12Note **
Couple with children 35 48Note ** 36 27Note **
Single parent 3 4Note E: Use with caution 4 Note ...: not applicable
Living with one or both parents 21 15Note * 9 46Note **
Other 12 11Note E: Use with caution 15 6Note E: Use with caution Note **
Language spoken most often at home  
Other 31 54Note ** 37 10Note E: Use with caution Note **
English or French 69 46Note ** 63 90Note **
Education  
High school diploma or less 35 27 30 47Note **
Post-secondary diploma 23 14Note ** 26 21Note *
University degree 42 59Note ** 44 31Note **
Has a job or is self-employed  
No 46 43 43 51Note **
Yes 54 57 57 49Note **
Size of personal network  
15 people or fewer 53 62 59 38Note **
More than 15 people 47 38 41 62Note **
Has done volunteer work  
No 69 71 71 64Note *
Yes 31 29 29 36Note *
Religious practice  
Never 35 34 34 36
Once or twice a year 15 15 14 16
One to three times a month 27 24 27 30
At least once a week 23 26 25 17Note **
Victim of discrimination or unfair treatment  
No 69 66 70 69
Yes 31 34 30 31
Metropolitan area  
Montréal 19 26Note ** 18 19
Toronto 60 48Note ** 63 62
Vancouver 20 27Note ** 19 20
Type of municipality  
Central 43 49 43 40Note *
Peripheral 1st ring 40 37 40 40
Peripheral 2nd ring 17 14 16 20Note *
Demographic weight of immigrant population in neighbourhood  
Less than 50% (ref.) 26 23 24 30Note *
50% to less than 70% 31 30 31 31
70% or greater 43 47 45 38Note *
Region of birth  
North America 2 3Note E: Use with caution F FNote *
The Caribbean 6 5Note E: Use with caution 7 5Note E: Use with caution
Central and South America 6 7Note E: Use with caution 6 5Note E: Use with caution
Europe 36 15Note ** 33 54Note **
Africa 8 15Note ** 8 FNote **
Middle East and West Asia 6 11Note E: Use with caution 7 FNote *
East Asia 10 16Note * 11 7
South Asia 15 14Note E: Use with caution 16 14
Southeast Asia and Oceania 10 13 11 8Note E: Use with caution
... not applicable
E use with caution
Note *

significantly different from reference category (ref.) at p < 0.05

Return to note * referrer

Note **

significantly different from reference category (ref.) at p < 0.01

Return to note ** referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, General Social Survey on Social Identity, 2013
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