Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (GERD), by funding sector, by province (Canada)
Related tables: Research and development.
| 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $ millions | |||||
| Canada | 30,129 | 30,555 | 31,834 | 32,707 | 31,972 |
| Federal government | 5,951 | 6,467 | 6,220 | 6,054 | 6,186 |
| Provincial government | 1,657 | 1,697 | 1,788 | 2,053 | 1,877 |
| Business enterprises | 14,618 | 14,347 | 15,586 | 15,403 | 14,600 |
| Higher education | 4,824 | 4,970 | 5,193 | 6,146 | 6,240 |
| Private non-profit | 944 | 1,068 | 1,153 | 1,191 | 1,167 |
| Foreign | 2,131 | 2,001 | 1,891 | 1,854 | 1,897 |
| Notes: The provincial distribution is collected only for actual expenditures. Gross Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development (GERD) refers to all monies expended for Research and Development (R & D) performed within the country in a given year. Total GERD is often displayed by performing sector as well as by funding sector. Revised time-use coefficients have been applied in Statistic’s Canada Higher education research and development (HERD) model commencing with reference year 2012. Data from previous years for the Higher education sector are not comparable. Data for the Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) data series should be used with caution for years prior to 2012. Sources: Statistics Canada, CANSIM, table 358-0001 and Catalogue no. 88-221-X. Last modified: 2015-09-23. | |||||
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