Immigrants and non-permanent residents
Key indicators
Selected geographical area: Canada
-
40,769,8900.6%
(quarterly change) -
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 with a college or university credential - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)57.5%
More immigrants and non-permanent residents indicators
Selected geographical area: Canada
-
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 with a bachelor’s degree or higher - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)32.9% -
Percentage point change in adults aged 25 to 64 with a bachelor’s degree or higher - Canada
(2016 to 2021)4.3
(period-to-period change) -
Overqualification rate of immigrants aged 25 to 64 with a degree completed outside Canada - Canada
(2021 Census of Population)25.8% -
21.9
-
17.7
-
22.3
-
1,212,075
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All (10)
All (10) ((10 results))
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300800004Description: Labour shortages in health care professions have become a pressing issue across many Canadian jurisdictions and were especially exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. To help address these shortages, federal, provincial and territorial governments have implemented measures to facilitate the entry of skilled immigrants with health care qualifications into their respective professions, among other government actions to strengthen the health workforce. However, comprehensive data on the numbers, sociodemographic characteristics and labour market outcomes of internationally educated health professionals (IEHPs) remain scarce. This article provides estimates of the number of IEHPs in Canada based on 2021 Census data.Release date: 2023-08-23
- 2. A portrait of educational attainment and occupational outcomes among racialized populations in 2021Stats in brief: 98-200-X2021011Description: This Census in Brief article focuses on the education of racialized groups based on data from the 2021 Census of Population. It examines differences in educational attainment between and within racialized groups. The article also provides information on whether racialized populations found jobs that correspond to their education.Release date: 2023-01-18
- Articles and reports: 82-003-X202000300002Description: The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of non accidental and cause specific mortality associated with long term exposure to PM2.5 among immigrants after they arrived in Canada, and to assess how this risk compares with that of the non immigrant population. Using the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort, this study also sought to determine the influence of several immigrant specific variables on the PM2.5 -mortality association, including duration in Canada, country of birth, age at immigration and neighbourhood ethnic concentration.Release date: 2020-06-17
- 4. The changing health of immigrants ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X20050028454Geography: CanadaDescription:
Using longitudinal data from Statistics Canada's National Population Health Survey (NPHS), this article assesses the health impact of the immigration process, as individuals adjust to life in Canada, by comparing changes in immigrants' self-perceived health status, health care use, and health-related behaviours with those of the Canadian-born population. Information was collected from the same individuals over an eight-year period from 1994-1995 to 2002-2003.
Release date: 2005-09-13 - 5. Dynamics of immigrants' health ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-005-X20050018440Geography: CanadaDescription:
This summary provides highlights of an analysis that used eight years of longitudinal data from the National Population Health Survey, 1994/95 to 2002/03. The analysis was part of an Internet publication Healthy Today, Healthy Tomorrow? Findings from the National Population Health Survey, Catalogue no. 82-618-MWE.
The analysis found that recent immigrants from non-European countries are twice as likely as the Canadian-born to experience deterioration in their health.
Release date: 2005-08-05 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005241Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the effect of ethnic neighbourhoods on wage growth as well as other labour market outcomes of immigrant men in Canada using the 1981, 1986, 1991 and 1996 Censuses. While the primary measure of affiliation is country of birth, ethnicity, language and visible minority status are also examined to determine the robustness of the findings. Consistent with U.S. findings, ethnic neighbourhoods based on country of birth are found to have a negative impact on the ten-year wage growth of immigrants. Further, the model for wage growth is found to be robust to different lengths of time and different base years as well as the specification of language and ethnicity as the affiliation grouping. Using country of birth as the affiliation index, exposure is also found to have a negative impact on the growth of total and weekly earnings as well as the initial wages of entry cohorts. While little evidence is found on the effects of ethnic neighbourhoods on changes in employment, a negative effect of exposure is found on entry employment rates of the most recent landing cohorts. Although the overall effect of ethnic neighbourhoods on wage growth is negative, ethnic neighbourhoods are found to have a divergent effect on different landing cohorts, having a positive impact on the wage growth of the more recent cohorts and a negative impact on earlier cohorts.
Release date: 2005-02-25 - 7. Dynamics of Immigrants' Health in Canada: Evidence from the National Population Health Survey ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-618-M2005002Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article compares the changes in immigrants' health status over the last decade with that of the Canadian-born population. Based on longitudinal data from the National Population Health Survey, the article also examines risk factors such as daily cigarette smoking, level of physical activity during leisure time and weight gain, to assess health changes while taking into account some socio-economic factors. This article is part of an Internet publication that provides links to tables, other research articles and information about the National Population Health Survey.
Release date: 2005-02-23 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2001178Geography: CanadaDescription:
The school performance of the children of immigrants in the Canadian school system is analyzed using data from the first three waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). School performance is measured in terms of ability at reading, writing, mathematics and overall aptitude. The parents' and teachers' assessments of the children's performances are used, as are the results of formal testing. On average, children of immigrants generally do at least as well as the children of the Canadian-born along each dimension of school performance. The children of immigrant parents whose first language is either English or French have especially high outcomes. The children of other immigrant parents have lower performance in reading, writing and composition but their performance in mathematics is comparable to that of the children of Canadian-born parents. It is also found that with more years in the Canadian education system, the performance of these children in reading, writing and mathematics improves and is equal to or greater than the performance of the children of Canadian-born parents by age thirteen in virtually all areas of performance.
Release date: 2001-11-14 - 9. The health of Canada's immigrants in 1994-95 ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19950042818Geography: CanadaDescription:
The healthy immigrant effect observed in other countries also prevails in Canada. Immigrants, especially recent immigrants, are less likely than the Canadian-born population to have chronic conditions or disabilities. The effect is most evident among those from non-European countries, who constitute the majority of recent immigrants to Canada. This article compares the health status, health care utilization, and health-related behaviour of immigrants with the Canadian-born population, and is based on self-reported data from the 1994-95 National Population Health Survey. Health status is examined in terms of chronic conditions, disability and health-related dependency. The indicators of health care utilization are hospitalization, contact with physicians and dentists, unmet needs for health services. The health- related and behaviours analysed are smoking and leisure time physical activity.
Release date: 1996-04-02 - 10. Health expectancy by immigrant status, 1986 and 1991 ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19960033016Geography: CanadaDescription:
Analyses based on census data, vital statistics, and data from the Health and Activity Limitation Surveys show that immigrants, especially those from non-European countries, had a longer life expectancy and more years of life free of disability and dependency than did the Canadian-born. But while immigrants were less likely than the Canadian-born to be disabled, they were only slightly less likely to be dependent on others for help with activities of daily living. The reasons for immigrants' longevity and good health are likely related to the "health immigrant effect"
Release date: 1996-03-13
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Analysis (10)
Analysis (10) ((10 results))
- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202300800004Description: Labour shortages in health care professions have become a pressing issue across many Canadian jurisdictions and were especially exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. To help address these shortages, federal, provincial and territorial governments have implemented measures to facilitate the entry of skilled immigrants with health care qualifications into their respective professions, among other government actions to strengthen the health workforce. However, comprehensive data on the numbers, sociodemographic characteristics and labour market outcomes of internationally educated health professionals (IEHPs) remain scarce. This article provides estimates of the number of IEHPs in Canada based on 2021 Census data.Release date: 2023-08-23
- 2. A portrait of educational attainment and occupational outcomes among racialized populations in 2021Stats in brief: 98-200-X2021011Description: This Census in Brief article focuses on the education of racialized groups based on data from the 2021 Census of Population. It examines differences in educational attainment between and within racialized groups. The article also provides information on whether racialized populations found jobs that correspond to their education.Release date: 2023-01-18
- Articles and reports: 82-003-X202000300002Description: The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of non accidental and cause specific mortality associated with long term exposure to PM2.5 among immigrants after they arrived in Canada, and to assess how this risk compares with that of the non immigrant population. Using the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort, this study also sought to determine the influence of several immigrant specific variables on the PM2.5 -mortality association, including duration in Canada, country of birth, age at immigration and neighbourhood ethnic concentration.Release date: 2020-06-17
- 4. The changing health of immigrants ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-008-X20050028454Geography: CanadaDescription:
Using longitudinal data from Statistics Canada's National Population Health Survey (NPHS), this article assesses the health impact of the immigration process, as individuals adjust to life in Canada, by comparing changes in immigrants' self-perceived health status, health care use, and health-related behaviours with those of the Canadian-born population. Information was collected from the same individuals over an eight-year period from 1994-1995 to 2002-2003.
Release date: 2005-09-13 - 5. Dynamics of immigrants' health ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-005-X20050018440Geography: CanadaDescription:
This summary provides highlights of an analysis that used eight years of longitudinal data from the National Population Health Survey, 1994/95 to 2002/03. The analysis was part of an Internet publication Healthy Today, Healthy Tomorrow? Findings from the National Population Health Survey, Catalogue no. 82-618-MWE.
The analysis found that recent immigrants from non-European countries are twice as likely as the Canadian-born to experience deterioration in their health.
Release date: 2005-08-05 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005241Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the effect of ethnic neighbourhoods on wage growth as well as other labour market outcomes of immigrant men in Canada using the 1981, 1986, 1991 and 1996 Censuses. While the primary measure of affiliation is country of birth, ethnicity, language and visible minority status are also examined to determine the robustness of the findings. Consistent with U.S. findings, ethnic neighbourhoods based on country of birth are found to have a negative impact on the ten-year wage growth of immigrants. Further, the model for wage growth is found to be robust to different lengths of time and different base years as well as the specification of language and ethnicity as the affiliation grouping. Using country of birth as the affiliation index, exposure is also found to have a negative impact on the growth of total and weekly earnings as well as the initial wages of entry cohorts. While little evidence is found on the effects of ethnic neighbourhoods on changes in employment, a negative effect of exposure is found on entry employment rates of the most recent landing cohorts. Although the overall effect of ethnic neighbourhoods on wage growth is negative, ethnic neighbourhoods are found to have a divergent effect on different landing cohorts, having a positive impact on the wage growth of the more recent cohorts and a negative impact on earlier cohorts.
Release date: 2005-02-25 - 7. Dynamics of Immigrants' Health in Canada: Evidence from the National Population Health Survey ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-618-M2005002Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article compares the changes in immigrants' health status over the last decade with that of the Canadian-born population. Based on longitudinal data from the National Population Health Survey, the article also examines risk factors such as daily cigarette smoking, level of physical activity during leisure time and weight gain, to assess health changes while taking into account some socio-economic factors. This article is part of an Internet publication that provides links to tables, other research articles and information about the National Population Health Survey.
Release date: 2005-02-23 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2001178Geography: CanadaDescription:
The school performance of the children of immigrants in the Canadian school system is analyzed using data from the first three waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). School performance is measured in terms of ability at reading, writing, mathematics and overall aptitude. The parents' and teachers' assessments of the children's performances are used, as are the results of formal testing. On average, children of immigrants generally do at least as well as the children of the Canadian-born along each dimension of school performance. The children of immigrant parents whose first language is either English or French have especially high outcomes. The children of other immigrant parents have lower performance in reading, writing and composition but their performance in mathematics is comparable to that of the children of Canadian-born parents. It is also found that with more years in the Canadian education system, the performance of these children in reading, writing and mathematics improves and is equal to or greater than the performance of the children of Canadian-born parents by age thirteen in virtually all areas of performance.
Release date: 2001-11-14 - 9. The health of Canada's immigrants in 1994-95 ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19950042818Geography: CanadaDescription:
The healthy immigrant effect observed in other countries also prevails in Canada. Immigrants, especially recent immigrants, are less likely than the Canadian-born population to have chronic conditions or disabilities. The effect is most evident among those from non-European countries, who constitute the majority of recent immigrants to Canada. This article compares the health status, health care utilization, and health-related behaviour of immigrants with the Canadian-born population, and is based on self-reported data from the 1994-95 National Population Health Survey. Health status is examined in terms of chronic conditions, disability and health-related dependency. The indicators of health care utilization are hospitalization, contact with physicians and dentists, unmet needs for health services. The health- related and behaviours analysed are smoking and leisure time physical activity.
Release date: 1996-04-02 - 10. Health expectancy by immigrant status, 1986 and 1991 ArchivedArticles and reports: 82-003-X19960033016Geography: CanadaDescription:
Analyses based on census data, vital statistics, and data from the Health and Activity Limitation Surveys show that immigrants, especially those from non-European countries, had a longer life expectancy and more years of life free of disability and dependency than did the Canadian-born. But while immigrants were less likely than the Canadian-born to be disabled, they were only slightly less likely to be dependent on others for help with activities of daily living. The reasons for immigrants' longevity and good health are likely related to the "health immigrant effect"
Release date: 1996-03-13
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