Low income and inequality
Key indicators
Selected geographical area: Canada
-
$68,4000.9%
(annual change) -
$73,000
More low income and inequality indicators
Selected geographical area: Canada
-
9.8%
-
-0.040
-
11.1%
-
-3.3
-
$70,336
-
14.2%
-
17.0%
-
32.0%
-
Proportion of households contributing to TFSA, RRP or RRSP in 2015 - Canada
(2016 Census of Population)65.2%
Results
All (10)
All (10) ((10 results))
- Table: 97F0020X2001076Description:
This table is part of the topic "Income of Individuals, Families and Households," which shows 2001 Census data on the income of Canadian individuals, families and households in the year 2000. The data include the composition of income that serves to measure low income, known as the low-income cut-off (LICO). The composition of income consists of earnings, income from government sources and investments. The data also include the household incomes of Canadians by family type, age and geography, as well as the household incomes of certain population groups, such as immigrants.
It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. For more information, refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB.
This table is available FREE on Internet, Catalogue No. 97F0020XIE2001076.
Release date: 2003-12-16 - Table: 97F0009X2001043Description:
This table is part of the 'Immigration and Citizenship' topic, which shows 2001 Census data on immigration trends in Canada. Information is provided on Canada's immigrant or foreign-born population, including its size, origins, geographic distribution and demographic characteristics. Similar information is available for the Canadian-born population and non-permanent residents. Citizenship information from the census shows, for example, the number of immigrants who have acquired Canadian citizenship and the number of Canadians who hold dual citizenship.
Data on the socio-economic characteristics of these populations are also available.
The following concepts related to immigration and citizenship are available from the 2001 Census: (1) birthplace of respondent (including province or territory of birth) (2) country of citizenship (3) immigrant status (4) period or year of immigration and (5) age at immigration.
In addition, for the first time since the 1971 Census, the 2001 Census asked a question on the birthplace of parents. Responses to this question can be used to assess the socio-economic conditions of second-generation Canadians (that is, the Canadian-born children of foreign-born parents).
It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.
This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 97F0009XIE2001043.
Release date: 2003-11-06 - 3. Will They Ever Converge? Earnings of Immigrants and Canadian-born Workers over the Last Two Decades ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2003215Geography: CanadaDescription:
Using census data covering the 1980 to 2000 period, we examine what outcomes would be necessary for cohorts of recent immigrants to achieve earnings parity with Canadian-born workers. Our results show that today's recent immigrants would have to experience a drastic rise of their relative age-earnings profile in the near future for their earnings to converge with their Canadian-born counterparts. The reason is simple: the greater relative earnings growth experienced by cohorts of recent immigrants has only partially offset the drastic deterioration in their relative earnings at entry.
Release date: 2003-10-08 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2003198Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study uses census data to focus on low-income among immigrants, and asks a number of questions: (1) have low-income rates increased among successive cohorts of entering immigrants, both in absolute terms and relative to the Canadian born (they have), (2) is this increase due to changes in their characteristics (e.g. education, age, source country, language etc.), (3) do low-income rates fall as new immigrants acquire Canadian experience, and are there signs that low-income rates fall faster among the more recent entering cohorts with the higher entry level rates, resulting in some "catch-up", and (4) in the major Canadian cities, to what extent was the deterioration in the city level low-income rates during the 1990s concentrated among immigrants? The analysis covers the period from 1980 to 2000, and focuses on change between 1980 to 1990, and 1990 to 2000, years that are roughly at business cycle peaks.
Basically, low-income rates have been falling over the past two decades among the Canadian born, and rising among immigrants. A discussion of the possible determinants of the trends mentioned above is included in the literature review and the conclusion.
Release date: 2003-06-19 - 5. Income of Canadian Families, 2001 Census ArchivedArticles and reports: 96F0030X2001014Geography: CanadaDescription:
This release of the 2001 Census data focuses on the income of Canadian families. The analysis compares median family income in 1980, 1990 and 2000 and examines how the share of family income that comes from government transfers has changed over these two decades. In addition, it provides a detailed description of the distribution of Canadian family income in 2000 and looks at how incomes have changed for families at the high, low, and middle of the income distribution in the past decade. Finally, the report examines low-income among Canada's children and senior population. All of the analyses are done at the national level, but selected variables are examined at the provincial/territorial and census metropolitan area levels.
This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.
More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.
Release date: 2003-05-13 - Articles and reports: 21-601-M2003063Description:
This paper reviews a broad set of concepts and related measures of territorial income disparity. It then applies these measures to the Canadian context, using income data from income tax returns from 1992 to 1999 for the country.
Release date: 2003-04-29 - Articles and reports: 21-006-X2002004Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper applies a broad set of disparity measures to subprovincial income data in Canada. The data used in this research come from income tax returns from 1992 to 1999, for about 280 census divisions covering the entire country. This approach provides an understanding of the spatial structure of income disparity with a high level of geographical resolution, which also highlights the evolution of the rural/urban divide. Since the period of study is short, the results are particularly relevant in understanding the spatial characteristics of the growth that occurred during the 1990s.
Release date: 2003-03-31 - 8. Life After Welfare: The Economic Well-being of Welfare Leavers in Canada During the 1990s ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2003192Geography: CanadaDescription:
The 1990s were characterized by substantial declines in the number of welfare recipients in most Canadian provinces. These declines occurred in a period when most provincial governments lowered benefits and tightened eligibility rules. What happened to the economic well-being of those who left welfare in the 1990s? Using longitudinal tax data, this study examines the short and long-term outcomes of welfare leavers across three dimensions: earnings, disposable income and low-income. The role of marriage in post-welfare outcomes is also investigated.
Release date: 2003-03-26 - Articles and reports: 82-003-X20020026436Geography: Census metropolitan areaDescription:
This study examines the association of neighbourhood low income and income inequality with individual health outcomes in Toronto, Canada's largest census metropolitan area.
Release date: 2003-02-12 - 10. Low-income Intensity During the 1990s: The Role of Economic Growth, Employment Earnings and Social Transfers ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2003172Geography: CanadaDescription:
All countries look to economic growth to reduce low-income. This paper focuses on the 1990s and assesses the role played by changes in economic growth, employment earnings and government transfers in the patterns of low-income intensity in Canada during the 1990s. We find that low-income intensity was higher in most provinces during the 1990s than during the 1980s (comparing comparable positions in the business cycle). The largest increase was in Ontario. In particular, in spite of the slow economic growth and falling unemployment between 1993 and 1997, low-income intensity continued to rise. Both increases in the low-income rate and the low-income gaps contributed to this higher level. Employment earnings continued to decline among low-income families over the 1990s, contributing to the increase in low-income intensity in central and eastern Canada in particular. This is related in part to the more severe recession of the early 1990s east of Manitoba, and the lack of recovery among poorer families. During the 1990s changes in government transfers did not offset the fall in employment earnings among lower-income families, as they did during the 1980s, resulting in rising low-income intensity. Declining transfer benefits were associated with a rising low-income gap in some provinces, particularly Alberta. The latest data available at the time of writing was 1998. The strong economic growth of 1999 and 2000 will likely have reduced low-income intensity, but it remains to be seen if it falls back to the level of the 1980s cyclical peak.
Release date: 2003-01-24
Data (2)
Data (2) ((2 results))
- Table: 97F0020X2001076Description:
This table is part of the topic "Income of Individuals, Families and Households," which shows 2001 Census data on the income of Canadian individuals, families and households in the year 2000. The data include the composition of income that serves to measure low income, known as the low-income cut-off (LICO). The composition of income consists of earnings, income from government sources and investments. The data also include the household incomes of Canadians by family type, age and geography, as well as the household incomes of certain population groups, such as immigrants.
It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. For more information, refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB.
This table is available FREE on Internet, Catalogue No. 97F0020XIE2001076.
Release date: 2003-12-16 - Table: 97F0009X2001043Description:
This table is part of the 'Immigration and Citizenship' topic, which shows 2001 Census data on immigration trends in Canada. Information is provided on Canada's immigrant or foreign-born population, including its size, origins, geographic distribution and demographic characteristics. Similar information is available for the Canadian-born population and non-permanent residents. Citizenship information from the census shows, for example, the number of immigrants who have acquired Canadian citizenship and the number of Canadians who hold dual citizenship.
Data on the socio-economic characteristics of these populations are also available.
The following concepts related to immigration and citizenship are available from the 2001 Census: (1) birthplace of respondent (including province or territory of birth) (2) country of citizenship (3) immigrant status (4) period or year of immigration and (5) age at immigration.
In addition, for the first time since the 1971 Census, the 2001 Census asked a question on the birthplace of parents. Responses to this question can be used to assess the socio-economic conditions of second-generation Canadians (that is, the Canadian-born children of foreign-born parents).
It is possible to subscribe to all the day-of-release bundles. Refer to Catalogue No. 97F0023XCB for more information.
This table is available FREE on the Internet, Catalogue No. 97F0009XIE2001043.
Release date: 2003-11-06
Analysis (8)
Analysis (8) ((8 results))
- 1. Will They Ever Converge? Earnings of Immigrants and Canadian-born Workers over the Last Two Decades ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2003215Geography: CanadaDescription:
Using census data covering the 1980 to 2000 period, we examine what outcomes would be necessary for cohorts of recent immigrants to achieve earnings parity with Canadian-born workers. Our results show that today's recent immigrants would have to experience a drastic rise of their relative age-earnings profile in the near future for their earnings to converge with their Canadian-born counterparts. The reason is simple: the greater relative earnings growth experienced by cohorts of recent immigrants has only partially offset the drastic deterioration in their relative earnings at entry.
Release date: 2003-10-08 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2003198Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study uses census data to focus on low-income among immigrants, and asks a number of questions: (1) have low-income rates increased among successive cohorts of entering immigrants, both in absolute terms and relative to the Canadian born (they have), (2) is this increase due to changes in their characteristics (e.g. education, age, source country, language etc.), (3) do low-income rates fall as new immigrants acquire Canadian experience, and are there signs that low-income rates fall faster among the more recent entering cohorts with the higher entry level rates, resulting in some "catch-up", and (4) in the major Canadian cities, to what extent was the deterioration in the city level low-income rates during the 1990s concentrated among immigrants? The analysis covers the period from 1980 to 2000, and focuses on change between 1980 to 1990, and 1990 to 2000, years that are roughly at business cycle peaks.
Basically, low-income rates have been falling over the past two decades among the Canadian born, and rising among immigrants. A discussion of the possible determinants of the trends mentioned above is included in the literature review and the conclusion.
Release date: 2003-06-19 - 3. Income of Canadian Families, 2001 Census ArchivedArticles and reports: 96F0030X2001014Geography: CanadaDescription:
This release of the 2001 Census data focuses on the income of Canadian families. The analysis compares median family income in 1980, 1990 and 2000 and examines how the share of family income that comes from government transfers has changed over these two decades. In addition, it provides a detailed description of the distribution of Canadian family income in 2000 and looks at how incomes have changed for families at the high, low, and middle of the income distribution in the past decade. Finally, the report examines low-income among Canada's children and senior population. All of the analyses are done at the national level, but selected variables are examined at the provincial/territorial and census metropolitan area levels.
This series includes a number of comprehensive articles that supplement the day-of-release information launched through The Daily. These catalogued articles provide an analytical perspective on the 2001 Census release topics. The number and length of these articles vary for each census release and are based on the 21 census release topics disseminated over 8 major release dates.
More focused articles were disseminated as major releases in The Dailyin the weeks following the official release of the data. Other more specialized articles were also announced in The Daily. The articles in the 2001 Census Analysis Series are available free of charge via the Internet.
Release date: 2003-05-13 - Articles and reports: 21-601-M2003063Description:
This paper reviews a broad set of concepts and related measures of territorial income disparity. It then applies these measures to the Canadian context, using income data from income tax returns from 1992 to 1999 for the country.
Release date: 2003-04-29 - Articles and reports: 21-006-X2002004Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper applies a broad set of disparity measures to subprovincial income data in Canada. The data used in this research come from income tax returns from 1992 to 1999, for about 280 census divisions covering the entire country. This approach provides an understanding of the spatial structure of income disparity with a high level of geographical resolution, which also highlights the evolution of the rural/urban divide. Since the period of study is short, the results are particularly relevant in understanding the spatial characteristics of the growth that occurred during the 1990s.
Release date: 2003-03-31 - 6. Life After Welfare: The Economic Well-being of Welfare Leavers in Canada During the 1990s ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2003192Geography: CanadaDescription:
The 1990s were characterized by substantial declines in the number of welfare recipients in most Canadian provinces. These declines occurred in a period when most provincial governments lowered benefits and tightened eligibility rules. What happened to the economic well-being of those who left welfare in the 1990s? Using longitudinal tax data, this study examines the short and long-term outcomes of welfare leavers across three dimensions: earnings, disposable income and low-income. The role of marriage in post-welfare outcomes is also investigated.
Release date: 2003-03-26 - Articles and reports: 82-003-X20020026436Geography: Census metropolitan areaDescription:
This study examines the association of neighbourhood low income and income inequality with individual health outcomes in Toronto, Canada's largest census metropolitan area.
Release date: 2003-02-12 - 8. Low-income Intensity During the 1990s: The Role of Economic Growth, Employment Earnings and Social Transfers ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2003172Geography: CanadaDescription:
All countries look to economic growth to reduce low-income. This paper focuses on the 1990s and assesses the role played by changes in economic growth, employment earnings and government transfers in the patterns of low-income intensity in Canada during the 1990s. We find that low-income intensity was higher in most provinces during the 1990s than during the 1980s (comparing comparable positions in the business cycle). The largest increase was in Ontario. In particular, in spite of the slow economic growth and falling unemployment between 1993 and 1997, low-income intensity continued to rise. Both increases in the low-income rate and the low-income gaps contributed to this higher level. Employment earnings continued to decline among low-income families over the 1990s, contributing to the increase in low-income intensity in central and eastern Canada in particular. This is related in part to the more severe recession of the early 1990s east of Manitoba, and the lack of recovery among poorer families. During the 1990s changes in government transfers did not offset the fall in employment earnings among lower-income families, as they did during the 1980s, resulting in rising low-income intensity. Declining transfer benefits were associated with a rising low-income gap in some provinces, particularly Alberta. The latest data available at the time of writing was 1998. The strong economic growth of 1999 and 2000 will likely have reduced low-income intensity, but it remains to be seen if it falls back to the level of the 1980s cyclical peak.
Release date: 2003-01-24
Reference (0)
Reference (0) (0 results)
No content available at this time.
- Date modified: