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Table A.1
Job characteristics, by the level of co-ethnic concentration at the work place among workers aged 25 to 64 and immigration status

  Most co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry About half co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry Few or no co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry Ethnic ancestry not important
  percent
Immigrants
Occupation 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Management 16.8 7.6 9.8 13.1
Natural and applied sciences 6.9 16.5 21.7 15.7
Other professionals 11.4 17.4 27.5 25.3
Sales and service 32.8 19.3 19.6 19.7
Trades and transportation 11.6 18.2 10.4 14.8
Others1 20.5 21.1 11.1 11.4
Industry 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Goods-producing industries 30.6 38.2 24.9 26.0
Trade and transportation 16.5 20.3 18.2 20.2
Business services 15.3 15.6 25.6 23.8
Public services 8.5 15.8 21.3 18.0
Personal services 29.1 10.1 10.0 12.0
Self-employed 27.1 19.9 11.4 19.4
Weeks worked in the previous year 47.9 47.9 49.4 49.6
Hours worked in a week 43.5 44.1 41.3 42.1
Canadian born of immigrant parents
Occupation 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Management 7.9 17.2 12.6 13.1
Natural and applied sciences 12.9 21.3 26.8 19.6
Other professionals 32.6 18.4 30.4 29.0
Sales and service 21.7 19.2 18.6 19.4
Trades and transportation 13.1 17.9 7.5 14.9
Others 11.9 6.0 4.2 4.0
Industry 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Goods-producing industries 23.7 37.6 17.4 19.1
Trade and transportation 16.0 12.9 19.0 20.5
Business services 15.0 24.8 30.5 31.0
Public services 26.3 18.5 27.7 23.4
Personal services 19.0 6.3 5.5 6.0
Self-employed 25.5 25.6 15.4 18.9
Weeks worked in the previous year 48.9 50.2 49.6 50.0
Hours worked in a week 42.7 44.8 42.7 42.6

1. Occupations in this group are mostly unique to primary industry, processing, manufacturing and utilities.

Note: Figures may not add to 100% due to rounding.

Source: Statistics Canada, Ethnic Diversity Survey.

Table A.2
Regression estimates of log annual earnings, by sex and immigrant status

  Immigrants
Men Women
Model 1 Model 2 Model 3    Model 1 Model 2 Model 3   
Intercept 10.80 *** 10.73 *** 9.73 *** 10.55 *** 10.50 *** 9.19 ***
Most co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry -0.33 *** -0.18 ** -0.11 -0.07 0.05 0.04
About half co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry -0.05 0.05 0.08 -0.12 -0.10 -0.12
Ethnic ancestry not important -0.03 0.030 0.030 0.06 0.03 0.02
Chinese -0.13 * -0.09 -0.08 0.11 0.21 * 0.11
South Asian -0.19 ** -0.18 ** -0.13 * 0.02 0.04 0.02
Black -0.29 *** -0.29 *** -0.22 ** -0.08 -0.12 -0.10
Filipino -0.30 ** -0.19 * -0.15 -0.34 ** -0.32 ** -0.37 ***
Other visible minorities -0.27 *** -0.26 *** -0.19 ** -0.11 -0.08 -0.08
German 0.17 0.11 0.11 -0.08 -0.15 -0.17
Italian 0.08 0.06 0.09 0.08 0.12 0.10
Portuguese 0.01 0.05 0.05 -0.22 -0.12 -0.14
Potential years of experience 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01
Squared years of experience 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 * 0.00 * 0.00 *
Married 0.18 *** 0.24 *** 0.20 *** 0.06 0.07 0.08
Number of young children -0.04 * -0.03 -0.02 -0.04 * -0.01 -0.01
In Canada <=5 years … -0.55 *** -0.48 *** … -0.22 * -0.12
In Canada 6 to 10 years … -0.21 *** -0.16 ** … -0.12 -0.08
High school graduation … 0.08 0.10 … -0.02 -0.09
Some postsecondary … 0.11 0.09 … 0.17 0.06
University … 0.40 *** 0.31 *** … 0.38 *** 0.21 *
Not speaking English/French … -0.37 ** -0.34 ** … -0.44 * -0.32 **
Mother tongue not E/F,1 can speak E/F but not use E/F with friends … -0.14 * -0.11 … -0.29 *** -0.23 *
Mother tongue not E/F, use E/F with friends … -0.12 * -0.08 … -0.23 ** -0.19 *
Mother tongue not E/F, spoke E/F in family by age 15 … -0.05 -0.04 … -0.13 -0.09
Strong ethnic belonging … 0.04 0.06 … -0.05 -0.07
With ethnic friends … 0.02 0.00 … 0.02 0.01
Self employment … … 0.05 … … 0.06
Management … … 0.24 ** … … 0.16
Natural and applied sciences … … 0.18 * … … 0.19
Other professionals … … 0.31 *** … … 0.30 *
Sales and service … … 0.03 … … -0.13
Occupations in trades and transportation … … 0.20 ** … … -0.11
Goods-producing industries … … 0.20 ** … … 0.05
Trade and transportation industries … … 0.11 … … -0.01
Business services industries … … 0.25 *** … … -0.06
Public services industries … … 0.12 … … -0.08
Weeks worked in a year … … 0.01 *** … … 0.02 ***
Hours worked in a week … … 0.00 * … … 0.01 ***
Sample size 1,818 1,491
R-squared 0.058 0.150 0.189 0.039 0.080 0.146

Table A.2
Regression estimates of log annual earnings, by sex and immigrant status (concluded)

  Canadian born of immigrant parents
Men Women
Model 11 Model 2 Model 3 Model 1 Model 2 Model 3  
Intercept 10.72 *** 10.30 *** 9.15 *** 10.49 *** 9.67 *** 7.81 ***
Most co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry -0.08 -0.10 -0.11 -0.17 -0.16 -0.11
About half co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry 0.01 0.11 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.02
Ethnic ancestry not important 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.13 * 0.18 ** 0.17 **
Chinese 0.06 0.04 0.09 0.25 * 0.17 0.21 *
South Asian -0.10 -0.20 -0.13 0.09 0.11 0.22
Black -0.48 *** -0.36 *** -0.32 ** -0.29 * -0.23 -0.20
Filipino -0.43 * -0.28 -0.25 -0.15 -0.24 -0.21
Other visible minorities -0.19 -0.18 -0.13 0.13 0.22 0.22
German -0.07 -0.09 -0.07 0.00 0.04 0.03
Italian 0.01 0.07 0.09 0.00 0.05 0.02
Portuguese -0.17 -0.09 -0.04 0.00 0.06 0.05
Potential years of experience 0.01 0.02 * 0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.00
Squared years of experience 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ** 0.00 * 0.00 **
Married 0.35 *** 0.32 *** 0.27 *** 0.04 0.05 0.08
Number of young children 0.06 * 0.05 * 0.06 0.08 * 0.07 * 0.09 **
High school graduation … 0.15 0.14 … 0.29 0.32 *
Some postsecondary … 0.19 0.15 … 0.48 ** 0.43 **
University … 0.63 *** 0.55 *** … 0.79 *** 0.70 ***
Mother tongue not E/F, can speak E/F but not use E/F with friends … -0.03 -0.06 … 0.34 * 0.35 *
Mother tongue not E/F, use E/F with friends … -0.14 -0.17 … -0.02 0.05
Mother tongue not E/F, spoke E/F in family by age 15 … 0.03 * 0.01 … 0.09 0.11 *
Strong ethnic belonging … -0.06 -0.05 … 0.08 0.11 *
With ethnic friends … -0.03 -0.02 … 0.02 0.03
Self employment … … 0.11 * … … 0.05
Management … … 0.14 … … 0.37 *
Natural and applied sciences … … 0.10 … … 0.23
Other professionals, … … 0.13 … … 0.34 *
Sales and service … … 0.02 … … 0.23
Occupations in trades and transportation … … 0.10 … … 0.85 **
Goods-producing industries … … 0.10 … … 0.02
Trade and transportation industries … … 0.08 … … -0.23 *
Business services industries … … 0.09 … … -0.03
Public services industries … … 0.01 … … -0.16
Weeks worked in a year … … 0.02 *** … … 0.02 ***
Hours worked in a week … … 0.01 ** … … 0.02 ***
Sample size 1,195 1,103
R-squared 0.178 0.254 0.289 0.086 0.150 0.253

… not applicable

* significant at p<0.05

** significant at p<0.01

*** significant at p<0.001

1. English/French.

Note: All models include metropolitan area dummy variables.

Source: Statistics Canada, Ethnic Diversity Survey.

Table A.3
Odds ratio estimates from ordered logit models showing the association between co-ethnic concentration and self-reported life satisfaction, by sex and immigrant status

  Immigrants
Men Women
Model 11

Earnings not included

 Model 2

Model 1+ log annual earnings

 Model 1

Earnings not included

 Model 2

Model 1+ log annual earnings
Most co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry 0.60 *** 0.58 *** 0.56 *** 0.56 ***
About half co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry 1.39 * 1.42 * 1.22 1.22
Ethnic ancestry not important 1.30 ** 1.31 ** 1.16 1.16
Chinese 1.78 *** 1.76 *** 1.25 1.26
South Asian 0.95 0.92 0.98 0.98
Black 1.39 * 1.33 1.73 *** 1.72 ***
Filipino 0.70 0.69 * 0.98 0.97
Other visible minorities 0.99 0.96 1.24 1.23
German 1.36 1.38 0.53 0.53
Italian 0.92 0.93 0.92 0.93
Portuguese 0.51 ** 0.51 ** 0.90 0.89
Potential years of experience 1.01 1.01 1.04 ** 1.04 **
Squared years of experience 1.00 1.00 1.00 ** 1.00 **
Married 0.57 *** 0.59 *** 0.58 *** 0.58 ***
Number of young children 1.02 1.01 0.93 0.93
In Canada <=5 years 1.23 1.11 1.03 1.03
In Canada 6 to 10 years 1.16 1.13 1.68 *** 1.68 ***
High school graduation 0.90 0.92 1.18 1.18
Some postsecondary 1.03 1.06 1.25 1.25
University 0.94 1.00 0.97 0.98
Not speaking English/French 2.82 *** 2.69 *** 4.79 *** 4.74 ***
Mother tongue not E/F,2 can speak E/F but not use E/F with friends 2.20 *** 2.15 *** 1.62 *** 1.61 ***
Mother tongue not E/F, use E/F with friends 1.32 * 1.30 * 1.59 *** 1.58 ***
Mother tongue not E/F, spoke E/F in family by age 15 1.58 ** 1.56 ** 1.50 ** 1.49 **
Strong ethnic belonging 0.76 *** 0.77 *** 0.99 0.99
With ethnic friends 0.85 0.85 0.93 0.92
Sample size 1,818 1,491
R-squared 0.043 0.072 0.061 0.061

Table A.3
Odds ratio estimates from ordered logit models showing the association between co-ethnic concentration and self-reported life satisfaction, by sex and immigrant status (concluded)

  Canadian born of immigrant parents
Men Women
Model 11

Earnings not included

 Model 2

Model 1+ log annual earnings

 Model 1

Earnings not included

 Model 2

Model 1+ log annual earnings
Most co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry 1.19 1.19 1.05 1.05
About half co-workers have the same ethnic ancestry 2.34 ** 2.31 ** 2.22 * 2.22 *
Ethnic ancestry not important 1.99 *** 1.99 *** 1.13 1.13
Chinese 0.99 0.98 1.62 1.62
South Asian 1.24 1.24 1.37 1.37
Black 1.75 * 1.79 * 1.77 * 1.77 *
Filipino 2.24 2.28 0.34 0.34
Other visible minorities 1.59 1.61 1.71 1.71
German 2.08 *** 2.10 *** 0.49 ** 0.49 **
Italian 0.71 0.70 1.22 1.22
Portuguese 0.44 * 0.44 * 0.00 0.00
Potential years of experience 1.13 *** 1.13 *** 1.04 1.04
Squared years of experience 1.00 *** 1.00 *** 1.00 1.00
Married 0.33 *** 0.33 *** 0.35 *** 0.35 ***
Number of young children 0.81 * 0.80 * 1.27 * 1.27 *
High school graduation 1.51 1.48 0.75 0.75
Some postsecondary 1.06 1.04 1.13 1.14
University 1.14 1.09 1.31 1.32
Mother tongue not E/F, can speak E/F but not use E/F with friends 1.29 1.30 4.09 *** 4.10 ***
Mother tongue not E/F, use E/F with friends 2.44 ** 2.47 ** 1.80 * 1.80 *
Mother tongue not E/F, spoke E/F in family by age 15 0.98 0.98 0.68 * 0.68 *
Strong ethnic belonging 0.68 ** 0.69 ** 0.70 * 0.70 *
With ethnic friends 0.88 0.88 0.42 *** 0.42 ***
Sample size 1,195 1,103
Pseudo R-squared 0.146 0.146 0.139 0.140

* significant at p<0.05

** significant at p<0.01

*** significant at p<0.001

1. Model 1 also includes occupation, industry, self employment status, weeks worked, hours worked, metropolitan area dummy variables.

2 English/French.

Source: Statistics Canada, Ethnic Diversity Survey.