Table 4
Odds ratios from multinomial logistic regressions on work status and the degree of co-ethnic concentration at the workplace

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  Immigrants Canadian born of immigrant parents
Did not work Half co-workers are co-ethnics Few or no co-workers are co-ethnics Ethnic ancestry not important Did not work Half co-workers are co-ethnics Few or no co-workers are co-ethnics Ethnic ancestry not important
Women 4.03 *** 0.96 1.39 *** 1.02 2.89 *** 0.80 1.04 0.71
Age 1.01 ** 1.00 1.00 0.98 *** 1.04 *** 1.06 *** 1.03 ** 1.02
High school graduation 0.86 1.63 *** 1.80 *** 1.66 *** 0.20 *** 0.44 * 0.74 0.39 *
Some postsecondary 0.90 1.46 *** 2.18 *** 1.10 0.41 * 0.98 1.80 0.87
University 0.93 2.12 *** 3.38 *** 1.30 0.30 ** 0.77 1.46 0.35 *
Not speaking E/F1 0.24 *** 0.06 *** 0.05 *** 0.17 ***  ...  ...  ...  ...
Mother tongue not E/F, can speak E/F but not use E/F with friends 0.50 *** 0.32 *** 0.51 *** 0.65 ** 0.23 *** 0.29 ** 0.38 ** 0.24 **
Mother tongue not E/F, uses E/F with friends 0.69 * 0.68 ** 1.02 0.70 4.10 ** 2.09 4.58 *** 2.04
Mother tongue not E/F, spoke E/F in family by age 15 0.66 * 0.51 *** 0.82 0.66 0.85 0.90 1.55 ** 0.73
In Canada <=5 years 2.43 *** 0.74 ** 0.54 *** 0.59 ***  ...  ...  ...  ...
In Canada 6 to 10 years 1.69 *** 1.15 0.86 0.82  ...  ...  ...  ...
Married 0.71 *** 1.03 0.89 0.69 ** 0.96 1.17 1.13 1.08
Number of young children 1.32 *** 1.07 0.99 1.10 1.08 0.77 ** 0.76 ** 1.03
Strong ethnic belonging 0.62 *** 0.20 *** 0.86 * 0.97 0.71 * 0.28 *** 1.12 1.23
With ethnic friends 0.36 *** 0.18 *** 0.58 *** 0.66 * 0.21 *** 0.14 *** 0.25 *** 0.99
Chinese 0.50 *** 0.35 *** 0.30 *** 0.51 *** 0.30 *** 0.27 *** 0.40 ** 0.99
South Asian 0.58 *** 0.46 *** 0.59 *** 1.05 3.66 1.81 2.01 3.76
Black 0.56 ** 0.39 *** 1.02 1.11 1.56 0.79 1.67 1.26
Filipino 0.20 *** 0.47 *** 0.39 *** 0.50 ** 1.39 1.16 1.81 1.13
Other visible minorities 0.59 *** 0.37 *** 0.50 *** 0.62 * 2.19 1.33 1.73 1.45
German 2.72 2.80 2.08 0.52 1.32 1.32 1.51 4.45 **
Italian 0.43 *** 0.27 *** 0.53 *** 1.34 0.57 ** 0.34 *** 0.81 2.16 **
Portuguese 0.25 *** 0.41 *** 0.32 *** 0.96 0.82 0.25 *** 0.71 1.54
Metropolitan area dummies included included included included included included included included

… not applicable

* significant at p<0.05

** significant at p<0.01

*** significant at p<0.001

1. English/French.

Source: Statistics Canada, Ethnic Diversity Survey.