Notes

^1.

See Timmer and Aulin-Ahmavaara (2007) for a survey of the literature on productivity in an input-output framework.

^2.

See Wixted et al. (2006) for the use of harmonized OECD input-output tables.

^3.

See Dion et al. (2009).

^4.

Siddiqi and Salem (2006) compiled the first SAM for Canada using data for 2000.

^5.

The assumption that government is exogenous does not preclude government spending. In fact, the source of the exogenous increase in final demand or the exogenous increase in funds available to financial corporations may be part of a government policy one wished to evaluate. However, the increase in taxes paid and the government bonds purchased as a result of the exogenous government policy cannot be used to finance further government expenditures.

^6.

The actual 2004 SAM for Canada is available upon request.

^7.

An alternative approach to constructing technical coefficients is one based on the commodity technology model. Instead of assuming that the input structure of each industry does not depend on their commodity mixes, the commodity-based technology assumes that commodities are produced by means of the same input structure regardless of which industry produces them. On the one hand, the commodity-based technology model yields coefficients that are price-invariant. On the other hand, it may yield negative coefficients. The authors leave this alternative approach for future work. See ten Raa (2005) as well as Miller and Blair (2009) for more details.

^8.

See Ghanem (2005) for details.

^9.

To present the SAM in a more compact form, the industry-by-commodity make and use matrices have already been transformed into industry-by-industry matrix that reflects only domestic requirements.

^10.

A full description of the data sources and how they were used can be provided upon request.

^11.

See also Cross and Ghanem (2006).

^12.

For example, Christensen and Dib (2008) estimate a DSGE model with a financial accelerator à la Bernanke et al (1999).