Table A.4
Relative impact of location of highest postsecondary study on the labour force status of landed immigrants aged 25 to 64 with a postsecondary education—Marginal effects
Archived Content
Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please "contact us" to request a format other than those available.
| Location of postsecondary study | Marginal effects | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-wage sector | Wage sector | School attendees | ||||||||||
| Not in labour force | Self-employed | Undereducated employee | Correctly matched employee | Overeducated employee | ||||||||
| Marginal effects | standard error | Marginal effects | standard error | Marginal effects | standard error | Marginal effects | standard error | Marginal effects | standard error | Marginal effects | standard error | |
| A. Fixed effect of location of immigrants' postsecondary education | ||||||||||||
| Canada | 0.080*** | (0.009) | -0.044*** | (0.006) | -0.027*** | (0.002) | -0.003*** | (0.0002) | -0.127*** | (0.010) | 0.118*** | (0.009) |
| United States | 0.185*** | (0.015) | -0.009 | (0.008) | -0.023*** | (0.003) | -0.003*** | (0.0003) | -0.118*** | (0.013) | -0.036*** | (0.006) |
| United Kingdom | 0.133*** | (0.015) | -0.007 | (0.009) | -0.021*** | (0.003) | -0.003*** | (0.0003) | -0.061*** | (0.014) | -0.044*** | (0.007) |
| Philippines | 0.025*** | (0.008) | -0.109*** | (0.003) | -0.038*** | (0.001) | -0.006*** | (0.0001) | 0.181*** | (0.009) | -0.052*** | (0.005) |
| India | 0.066*** | (0.010) | -0.057*** | (0.005) | -0.036*** | (0.001) | -0.005*** | (0.0001) | 0.077*** | (0.011) | -0.053*** | (0.004) |
| China | 0.075*** | (0.010) | -0.041*** | (0.005) | -0.037*** | (0.001) | -0.005*** | (0.0001) | -0.049*** | (0.011) | 0.052*** | (0.008) |
| Pakistan | 0.265*** | (0.017) | -0.049*** | (0.006) | -0.041*** | (0.001) | -0.006*** | (0.0001) | -0.133*** | (0.015) | -0.044*** | (0.006) |
| Poland | 0.125*** | (0.029) | -0.040*** | (0.015) | -0.038*** | (0.003) | -0.006*** | (0.0003) | -0.071** | (0.029) | 0.009 | (0.017) |
| France | 0.127*** | (0.016) | -0.015 | (0.010) | -0.018*** | (0.003) | -0.004*** | (0.0003) | -0.052*** | (0.016) | -0.044*** | (0.006) |
| South Korea | 0.217*** | (0.017) | 0.092*** | (0.013) | -0.036*** | (0.002) | -0.006*** | (0.0001) | -0.260*** | (0.014) | -0.027*** | (0.008) |
| Romania | 0.075*** | (0.013) | -0.078*** | (0.005) | -0.037*** | (0.002) | -0.005*** | (0.0001) | -0.010 | (0.014) | 0.048*** | (0.010) |
| Hong Kong | 0.155*** | (0.031) | -0.016 | (0.022) | -0.028*** | (0.006) | -0.003** | (0.0010) | -0.108*** | (0.035) | -0.005 | (0.021) |
| Russia | 0.062*** | (0.013) | -0.035*** | (0.008) | -0.041*** | (0.002) | -0.005*** | (0.0002) | -0.036*** | (0.015) | 0.042*** | (0.011) |
| Germany | 0.179*** | (0.025) | 0.006 | (0.016) | -0.035*** | (0.003) | -0.005*** | (0.0003) | -0.113*** | (0.024) | -0.046*** | (0.011) |
| Iran | 0.154*** | (0.018) | -0.038*** | (0.009) | -0.037*** | (0.002) | -0.005*** | (0.0002) | -0.167*** | (0.017) | 0.080*** | (0.013) |
| Other countries1 | 0.126*** | (0.010) | -0.046*** | (0.004) | -0.038*** | (0.001) | -0.005*** | (0.0001) | -0.088*** | (0.010) | 0.036*** | (0.007) |
| B. Additional effect of recent-immigrant2 cohort | ||||||||||||
| Canada | -0.047*** | (0.003) | 0.022*** | (0.007) | 0.006** | (0.003) | 0.002*** | (0.0004) | 0.076*** | (0.008) | -0.056*** | (0.002) |
| United States | -0.049*** | (0.004) | 0.007 | (0.010) | 0.021** | (0.010) | 0.0001 | (0.0010) | 0.055*** | (0.014) | -0.031*** | (0.008) |
| United Kingdom | -0.048*** | (0.006) | 0.007 | (0.011) | 0.011 | (0.007) | 0.001 | (0.0010) | 0.056*** | (0.016) | -0.024** | (0.011) |
| Philippines | -0.057*** | (0.004) | 0.054*** | (0.020) | -0.006 | (0.007) | 0.002*** | (0.0010) | 0.021 | (0.017) | -0.012* | (0.007) |
| India | -0.035*** | (0.004) | 0.058*** | (0.011) | 0.008 | (0.007) | 0.003*** | (0.0010) | -0.011 | (0.011) | -0.020*** | (0.006) |
| China | -0.038*** | (0.004) | 0.063*** | (0.009) | 0.024*** | (0.008) | 0.004*** | (0.0010) | 0.021** | (0.010) | -0.072*** | (0.003) |
| Pakistan | -0.045*** | (0.004) | 0.033** | (0.014) | 0.015 | (0.016) | 0.004*** | (0.0010) | 0.030* | (0.018) | -0.035*** | (0.008) |
| Poland | -0.049*** | (0.012) | 0.062* | (0.034) | 0.014 | (0.023) | 0.004 | (0.0040) | 0.035 | (0.039) | -0.061*** | (0.014) |
| France | -0.071*** | (0.005) | 0.027* | (0.017) | -0.002 | (0.008) | -0.0006 | (0.0010) | 0.086*** | (0.019) | -0.036*** | (0.011) |
| South Korea | -0.047*** | (0.005) | 0.049*** | (0.013) | -0.004 | (0.011) | 0.003* | (0.0020) | 0.062*** | (0.020) | -0.060*** | (0.009) |
| Romania | -0.069*** | (0.005) | 0.052*** | (0.020) | 0.030* | (0.017) | 0.009*** | (0.0020) | 0.031 | (0.022) | -0.051*** | (0.007) |
| Hong Kong | -0.044*** | (0.011) | 0.025 | (0.031) | 0.015 | (0.020) | -0.0007 | (0.0020) | 0.056 | (0.039) | -0.052*** | (0.017) |
| Russia | -0.051*** | (0.006) | 0.021 | (0.014) | 0.040* | (0.022) | 0.002 | (0.0010) | 0.048** | (0.021) | -0.058*** | (0.007) |
| Germany | -0.060*** | (0.008) | 0.042* | (0.023) | 0.017 | (0.018) | 0.002 | (0.0020) | 0.021 | (0.031) | -0.019 | (0.022) |
| Iran | -0.052*** | (0.006) | 0.045** | (0.020) | 0.016 | (0.019) | 0.003** | (0.0010) | 0.047* | (0.026) | -0.054*** | (0.008) |
| Other countries1 | -0.042*** | (0.002) | 0.037*** | (0.005) | 0.017*** | (0.004) | 0.003*** | (0.0004) | 0.051*** | (0.006) | -0.061*** | (0.002) |
| C. Additional effect of established immigrant3 cohort | ||||||||||||
| Canada | -0.066*** | (0.002) | 0.043*** | (0.006) | 0.025*** | (0.003) | 0.004*** | (0.0004) | 0.086*** | (0.007) | -0.087*** | (0.002) |
| United States | -0.072*** | (0.002) | 0.01 | (0.008) | 0.017** | (0.007) | 0.002*** | (0.001) | 0.068*** | (0.011) | -0.020*** | (0.006) |
| United Kingdom | -0.065*** | (0.003) | -0.007 | (0.007) | 0.014*** | (0.005) | 0.003*** | (0.001) | 0.066*** | (0.011) | -0.006 | (0.009) |
| Philippines | -0.063*** | (0.002) | 0.084*** | (0.018) | 0.010 | (0.007) | 0.005*** | (0.001) | -0.006 | (0.014) | -0.026*** | (0.005) |
| India | -0.057*** | (0.003) | 0.090*** | (0.010) | 0.011* | (0.006) | 0.002*** | (0.001) | -0.001 | (0.010) | -0.041*** | (0.005) |
| China | -0.054*** | (0.003) | 0.081*** | (0.012) | 0.040*** | (0.011) | 0.004*** | (0.001) | 0.026* | (0.014) | -0.094*** | (0.003) |
| Pakistan | -0.071*** | (0.003) | 0.048*** | (0.016) | 0.043** | (0.020) | 0.005*** | (0.002) | 0.027 | (0.021) | -0.048*** | (0.009) |
| Poland | -0.070*** | (0.006) | 0.023 | (0.023) | 0.026 | (0.023) | 0.005 | (0.003) | 0.099*** | (0.030) | -0.077*** | (0.008) |
| France | -0.065*** | (0.004) | 0.044*** | (0.014) | -0.001 | (0.006) | 0.001 | (0.001) | 0.037** | (0.017) | -0.012 | (0.010) |
| South Korea | -0.068*** | (0.003) | 0.048*** | (0.013) | 0.017 | (0.015) | 0.006*** | (0.002) | 0.060*** | (0.021) | -0.058*** | (0.010) |
| Romania | -0.065*** | (0.004) | 0.098*** | (0.021) | 0.032** | (0.015) | 0.007*** | (0.001) | 0.014 | (0.021) | -0.083*** | (0.006) |
| Hong Kong | -0.061*** | (0.007) | 0.026 | (0.029) | 0.034 | (0.024) | 0.001 | (0.002) | 0.053 | (0.038) | -0.049*** | (0.015) |
| Russia | -0.049*** | (0.007) | 0.048*** | (0.018) | 0.068** | (0.029) | 0.002 | (0.001) | 0.021 | (0.027) | -0.086*** | (0.007) |
| Germany | -0.064*** | (0.005) | 0.014 | (0.017) | 0.033* | (0.018) | 0.001 | (0.001) | 0.03 | (0.026) | -0.009 | (0.017) |
| Iran | -0.070*** | (0.004) | 0.107*** | (0.025) | 0.004 | (0.015) | 0.001 | (0.001) | 0.047* | (0.027) | -0.085*** | (0.006) |
| Other countries1 | -0.066*** | (0.001) | 0.056*** | (0.005) | 0.024*** | (0.003) | 0.005 | (0.0004) | 0.063*** | (0.005) | -0.077*** | (0.002) |
| Population | 1,165,370 *** | … | 1,116,597 | … | 1,025,835 | … | 1,526,257 | … | 4,284,795 | … | 1,235,674 | … |
|
... not applicable * p<0.10, statistically significant at the 10 per cent level ** p<0.05, statistically significant at the 5 per cent level *** p<0.01, statistically significant at the 1 per cent level 1. Countries that make up less than 5% of the locations of postsecondary education reported in the 2006 Census. 2. Recent immigrants are Individuals who have been landed immigrants to Canada from 5 to 10 years. 3. Established immigrants are individuals who have been landed immigrants for more than 10 years. Note: The reference category consists of the Canadian-born. Source: Author's calculations based on data from the 2006 Census of Population. |
||||||||||||
- Date modified: