Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  July
2021
August
2021
Standard error1 July to August 2021 August 2020 to August 2021 July to August 2021 August 2020 to August 2021
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 181.8 181.9 ... 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.5
Labour force 112.3 113.0 1.1 0.7 -5.2 0.6 -4.4
Employment 103.0 105.1 1.1 2.1 -0.1 2.0 -0.1
Unemployment 9.3 7.8 0.7 -1.5 -5.2 -16.1 -40.0
Participation rate 61.8 62.1 0.6 0.3 -3.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.3 6.9 0.6 -1.4 -4.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.7 57.8 0.6 1.1 -0.3 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 379.4 380.3 ... 0.9 7.0 0.2 1.9
Labour force 253.8 255.3 1.6 1.5 2.9 0.6 1.1
Employment 231.7 236.1 1.6 4.4 9.6 1.9 4.2
Unemployment 22.1 19.2 1.0 -2.9 -6.6 -13.1 -25.6
Participation rate 66.9 67.1 0.4 0.2 -0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.7 7.5 0.4 -1.2 -2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 61.1 62.1 0.4 1.0 1.4 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 133.8 134.0 ... 0.2 1.9 0.1 1.4
Labour force 94.0 94.6 0.9 0.6 7.1 0.6 8.1
Employment 87.7 88.9 1.0 1.2 7.7 1.4 9.5
Unemployment 6.3 5.7 0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -9.5 -9.5
Participation rate 70.3 70.6 0.7 0.3 4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.0 0.7 -0.7 -1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 65.5 66.3 0.8 0.8 4.8 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 110.4 110.5 ... 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.5
Labour force 68.4 67.9 0.9 -0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.3
Employment 62.4 62.0 0.9 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 1.1
Unemployment 6.0 5.9 0.5 -0.1 -0.9 -1.7 -13.2
Participation rate 62.0 61.4 0.8 -0.6 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.8 8.7 0.8 -0.1 -1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 56.5 56.1 0.8 -0.4 0.3 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 135.5 135.4 ... -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2
Labour force 76.5 76.2 1.0 -0.3 -4.3 -0.4 -5.3
Employment 72.0 72.0 1.0 0.0 -3.2 0.0 -4.3
Unemployment 4.5 4.2 0.4 -0.3 -1.1 -6.7 -20.8
Participation rate 56.5 56.3 0.8 -0.2 -3.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.5 0.5 -0.4 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 53.1 53.2 0.8 0.1 -2.2 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 687.7 688.1 ... 0.4 3.4 0.1 0.5
Labour force 445.0 455.8 3.6 10.8 -1.9 2.4 -0.4
Employment 427.2 435.8 3.8 8.6 7.4 2.0 1.7
Unemployment 17.9 20.0 1.8 2.1 -9.3 11.7 -31.7
Participation rate 64.7 66.2 0.5 1.5 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.0 4.4 0.4 0.4 -2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 63.3 0.5 1.2 0.7 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 188.1 188.3 ... 0.2 2.1 0.1 1.1
Labour force 116.9 119.1 1.3 2.2 1.5 1.9 1.3
Employment 110.9 112.9 1.3 2.0 5.2 1.8 4.8
Unemployment 6.1 6.2 0.6 0.1 -3.7 1.6 -37.4
Participation rate 62.1 63.3 0.7 1.2 0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.2 0.5 0.0 -3.2 ... ...
Employment rate 59.0 60.0 0.7 1.0 2.2 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 137.0 137.0 ... 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.3
Labour force 83.4 84.0 1.0 0.6 1.8 0.7 2.2
Employment 79.5 79.8 1.0 0.3 4.1 0.4 5.4
Unemployment 3.8 4.2 0.4 0.4 -2.3 10.5 -35.4
Participation rate 60.9 61.3 0.7 0.4 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.6 5.0 0.5 0.4 -2.9 ... ...
Employment rate 58.0 58.2 0.7 0.2 2.8 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,639.7 3,641.8 ... 2.1 31.9 0.1 0.9
Labour force 2,463.5 2,452.5 9.9 -11.0 29.4 -0.4 1.2
Employment 2,278.4 2,281.1 10.5 2.7 145.4 0.1 6.8
Unemployment 185.1 171.3 7.0 -13.8 -116.1 -7.5 -40.4
Participation rate 67.7 67.3 0.3 -0.4 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 7.0 0.3 -0.5 -4.9 ... ...
Employment rate 62.6 62.6 0.3 0.0 3.4 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,210.6 1,212.6 ... 2.0 18.7 0.2 1.6
Labour force 842.6 830.5 5.3 -12.1 39.2 -1.4 5.0
Employment 782.3 779.0 5.7 -3.3 61.0 -0.4 8.5
Unemployment 60.2 51.5 3.0 -8.7 -21.8 -14.5 -29.7
Participation rate 69.6 68.5 0.4 -1.1 2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 6.2 0.4 -0.9 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.6 64.2 0.5 -0.4 4.1 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 286.4 286.7 ... 0.3 2.9 0.1 1.0
Labour force 187.2 188.9 1.6 1.7 7.5 0.9 4.1
Employment 176.8 179.0 1.6 2.2 13.3 1.2 8.0
Unemployment 10.4 9.9 0.8 -0.5 -5.7 -4.8 -36.5
Participation rate 65.4 65.9 0.6 0.5 2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.6 5.2 0.4 -0.4 -3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.7 62.4 0.6 0.7 4.0 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 924.3 925.9 ... 1.6 15.8 0.2 1.7
Labour force 655.4 641.7 5.1 -13.7 31.7 -2.1 5.2
Employment 605.5 600.0 5.4 -5.5 47.7 -0.9 8.6
Unemployment 49.9 41.6 2.9 -8.3 -16.1 -16.6 -27.9
Participation rate 70.9 69.3 0.6 -1.6 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.6 6.5 0.5 -1.1 -3.0 ... ...
Employment rate 65.5 64.8 0.6 -0.7 4.1 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 144.5 144.7 ... 0.2 2.4 0.1 1.7
Labour force 84.9 86.0 0.9 1.1 -2.4 1.3 -2.7
Employment 77.6 79.8 0.9 2.2 0.7 2.8 0.9
Unemployment 7.2 6.2 0.5 -1.0 -3.1 -13.9 -33.3
Participation rate 58.8 59.4 0.6 0.6 -2.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.5 7.2 0.5 -1.3 -3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 53.7 55.1 0.6 1.4 -0.5 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 89.0 92.5 ... 3.5 -7.9 3.9 -7.9
Labour force 49.1 50.4 3.3 1.3 -0.3 2.6 -0.6
Employment 44.8 47.0 3.3 2.2 3.9 4.9 9.0
Unemployment 4.3 3.4 1.6 -0.9 -4.2 -20.9 -55.3
Participation rate 55.2 54.5 2.6 -0.7 4.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.8 6.7 2.8 -2.1 -8.3 ... ...
Employment rate 50.3 50.8 2.8 0.5 7.9 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 113.1 113.2 ... 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.9
Labour force 69.6 67.5 1.6 -2.1 9.4 -3.0 16.2
Employment 65.0 63.3 1.7 -1.7 11.2 -2.6 21.5
Unemployment 4.5 4.2 1.0 -0.3 -1.8 -6.7 -30.0
Participation rate 61.5 59.6 1.5 -1.9 7.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.2 1.5 -0.3 -4.1 ... ...
Employment rate 57.5 55.9 1.5 -1.6 9.5 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 345.2 345.7 ... 0.5 4.2 0.1 1.2
Labour force 218.5 222.7 2.2 4.2 -2.4 1.9 -1.1
Employment 200.1 204.3 2.3 4.2 4.9 2.1 2.5
Unemployment 18.4 18.5 1.2 0.1 -7.2 0.5 -28.0
Participation rate 63.3 64.4 0.6 1.1 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 8.3 0.5 -0.1 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 58.0 59.1 0.7 1.1 0.7 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,563.6 5,569.7 ... 6.1 64.7 0.1 1.2
Labour force 3,693.9 3,751.6 14.0 57.7 128.5 1.6 3.5
Employment 3,332.9 3,403.5 14.0 70.6 286.0 2.1 9.2
Unemployment 361.0 348.1 10.1 -12.9 -157.5 -3.6 -31.2
Participation rate 66.4 67.4 0.3 1.0 1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.8 9.3 0.3 -0.5 -4.7 ... ...
Employment rate 59.9 61.1 0.3 1.2 4.5 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 666.4 666.9 ... 0.5 3.0 0.1 0.5
Labour force 436.0 439.4 4.2 3.4 18.1 0.8 4.3
Employment 403.8 408.5 4.3 4.7 30.9 1.2 8.2
Unemployment 32.2 30.9 2.5 -1.3 -12.9 -4.0 -29.5
Participation rate 65.4 65.9 0.6 0.5 2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 7.0 0.6 -0.4 -3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 60.6 61.3 0.6 0.7 4.4 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 372.9 373.1 ... 0.2 1.6 0.1 0.4
Labour force 215.8 223.4 2.5 7.6 12.1 3.5 5.7
Employment 192.9 200.1 2.5 7.2 13.3 3.7 7.1
Unemployment 22.9 23.4 1.5 0.5 -1.2 2.2 -4.9
Participation rate 57.9 59.9 0.7 2.0 3.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.6 10.5 0.7 -0.1 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 51.7 53.6 0.7 1.9 3.3 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 499.8 500.4 ... 0.6 7.0 0.1 1.4
Labour force 341.6 343.0 2.7 1.4 7.7 0.4 2.3
Employment 317.7 319.0 2.7 1.3 26.1 0.4 8.9
Unemployment 23.9 24.0 1.8 0.1 -18.4 0.4 -43.4
Participation rate 68.3 68.5 0.5 0.2 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 7.0 0.5 0.0 -5.6 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 63.7 0.5 0.1 4.3 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 119.1 119.2 ... 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.7
Labour force 78.7 78.6 0.9 -0.1 -1.7 -0.1 -2.1
Employment 73.9 74.0 1.0 0.1 1.9 0.1 2.6
Unemployment 4.8 4.5 0.5 -0.3 -3.7 -6.3 -45.1
Participation rate 66.1 65.9 0.8 -0.2 -1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 5.7 0.6 -0.4 -4.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 62.1 0.8 0.1 1.2 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 140.5 140.7 ... 0.2 1.7 0.1 1.2
Labour force 100.5 100.7 1.4 0.2 3.5 0.2 3.6
Employment 92.1 93.4 1.5 1.3 7.3 1.4 8.5
Unemployment 8.4 7.3 0.7 -1.1 -3.9 -13.1 -34.8
Participation rate 71.5 71.6 1.0 0.1 1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 7.2 0.8 -1.2 -4.3 ... ...
Employment rate 65.6 66.4 1.1 0.8 4.5 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 467.7 468.3 ... 0.6 6.1 0.1 1.3
Labour force 308.0 305.8 3.3 -2.2 24.6 -0.7 8.7
Employment 280.0 281.9 3.4 1.9 27.6 0.7 10.9
Unemployment 28.0 23.8 1.6 -4.2 -3.1 -15.0 -11.5
Participation rate 65.9 65.3 0.7 -0.6 4.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.1 7.8 0.5 -1.3 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 59.9 60.2 0.7 0.3 5.2 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 305.1 305.3 ... 0.2 2.5 0.1 0.8
Labour force 184.0 185.6 2.8 1.6 12.0 0.9 6.9
Employment 163.6 165.9 2.8 2.3 10.4 1.4 6.7
Unemployment 20.4 19.7 1.3 -0.7 1.5 -3.4 8.2
Participation rate 60.3 60.8 0.9 0.5 3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.1 10.6 0.7 -0.5 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 53.6 54.3 0.9 0.7 2.9 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 181.3 181.5 ... 0.2 1.8 0.1 1.0
Labour force 126.9 126.3 1.9 -0.6 -7.7 -0.5 -5.7
Employment 117.4 117.3 2.1 -0.1 -4.4 -0.1 -3.6
Unemployment 9.5 9.0 1.4 -0.5 -3.3 -5.3 -26.8
Participation rate 70.0 69.6 1.0 -0.4 -5.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 7.1 1.0 -0.4 -2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.8 64.6 1.2 -0.2 -3.1 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 145.5 145.5 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Labour force 88.7 89.3 1.1 0.6 1.6 0.7 1.8
Employment 81.1 81.5 1.1 0.4 1.5 0.5 1.9
Unemployment 7.6 7.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 2.6 1.3
Participation rate 61.0 61.4 0.7 0.4 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.6 8.7 0.6 0.1 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 55.7 56.0 0.7 0.3 1.0 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 106.4 106.4 ... 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.4
Labour force 64.1 64.6 0.7 0.5 2.0 0.8 3.2
Employment 60.1 60.7 0.7 0.6 3.8 1.0 6.7
Unemployment 4.0 3.9 0.3 -0.1 -1.7 -2.5 -30.4
Participation rate 60.2 60.7 0.7 0.5 2.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.0 0.5 -0.2 -2.9 ... ...
Employment rate 56.5 57.0 0.7 0.5 3.7 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 703.2 703.8 ... 0.6 4.8 0.1 0.7
Labour force 478.6 477.7 1.6 -0.9 2.8 -0.2 0.6
Employment 443.1 443.8 1.7 0.7 18.9 0.2 4.4
Unemployment 35.5 33.9 1.1 -1.6 -16.2 -4.5 -32.3
Participation rate 68.1 67.9 0.2 -0.2 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 7.1 0.2 -0.3 -3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 63.0 63.1 0.2 0.1 2.3 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 215.7 215.9 ... 0.2 2.3 0.1 1.1
Labour force 149.6 149.7 1.2 0.1 7.6 0.1 5.3
Employment 140.4 140.4 1.2 0.0 11.9 0.0 9.3
Unemployment 9.1 9.3 0.7 0.2 -4.3 2.2 -31.6
Participation rate 69.4 69.3 0.5 -0.1 2.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 6.2 0.5 0.1 -3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 65.1 65.0 0.6 -0.1 4.8 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 273.4 273.8 ... 0.4 4.4 0.1 1.6
Labour force 185.6 185.8 1.3 0.2 2.9 0.1 1.6
Employment 170.9 170.8 1.3 -0.1 7.8 -0.1 4.8
Unemployment 14.7 15.0 0.7 0.3 -4.8 2.0 -24.2
Participation rate 67.9 67.9 0.5 0.0 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 8.1 0.4 0.2 -2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.5 62.4 0.5 -0.1 1.9 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 105.1 105.2 ... 0.1 1.1 0.1 1.1
Labour force 67.3 68.6 1.0 1.3 3.2 1.9 4.9
Employment 64.3 65.7 1.0 1.4 5.3 2.2 8.8
Unemployment 3.0 3.0 0.6 0.0 -2.0 0.0 -40.0
Participation rate 64.0 65.2 1.0 1.2 2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.5 4.4 0.8 -0.1 -3.2 ... ...
Employment rate 61.2 62.5 1.0 1.3 4.5 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,264.9 1,266.4 ... 1.5 16.5 0.1 1.3
Labour force 889.2 890.8 5.1 1.6 -7.2 0.2 -0.8
Employment 802.5 805.1 5.4 2.6 36.2 0.3 4.7
Unemployment 86.7 85.7 3.6 -1.0 -43.4 -1.2 -33.6
Participation rate 70.3 70.3 0.4 0.0 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.8 9.6 0.4 -0.2 -4.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.4 63.6 0.4 0.2 2.1 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,200.5 1,202.1 ... 1.6 16.8 0.1 1.4
Labour force 837.9 838.9 5.1 1.0 23.8 0.1 2.9
Employment 764.1 770.5 5.3 6.4 67.2 0.8 9.6
Unemployment 73.8 68.4 3.5 -5.4 -43.4 -7.3 -38.8
Participation rate 69.8 69.8 0.4 0.0 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.8 8.2 0.4 -0.6 -5.5 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 64.1 0.4 0.5 4.8 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 183.7 184.1 ... 0.4 3.4 0.2 1.9
Labour force 113.5 115.6 1.8 2.1 0.1 1.9 0.1
Employment 107.2 109.0 1.7 1.8 4.0 1.7 3.8
Unemployment 6.3 6.6 0.9 0.3 -3.9 4.8 -37.1
Participation rate 61.8 62.8 1.0 1.0 -1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.6 5.7 0.7 0.1 -3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 58.4 59.2 1.0 0.8 1.1 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 170.9 171.2 ... 0.3 2.1 0.2 1.2
Labour force 116.0 115.7 1.1 -0.3 9.6 -0.3 9.0
Employment 109.6 108.9 1.1 -0.7 12.2 -0.6 12.6
Unemployment 6.3 6.8 0.6 0.5 -2.6 7.9 -27.7
Participation rate 67.9 67.6 0.7 -0.3 4.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.9 0.5 0.5 -3.0 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 63.6 0.7 -0.5 6.4 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,348.2 2,351.7 ... 3.5 19.4 0.1 0.8
Labour force 1,623.7 1,630.0 7.7 6.3 106.4 0.4 7.0
Employment 1,499.6 1,513.1 7.8 13.5 189.2 0.9 14.3
Unemployment 124.1 116.8 5.4 -7.3 -82.8 -5.9 -41.5
Participation rate 69.1 69.3 0.3 0.2 4.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.6 7.2 0.3 -0.4 -5.9 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 64.3 0.3 0.4 7.5 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 346.2 347.0 ... 0.8 5.2 0.2 1.5
Labour force 219.8 217.0 2.4 -2.8 -5.0 -1.3 -2.3
Employment 210.5 207.9 2.4 -2.6 9.7 -1.2 4.9
Unemployment 9.4 9.1 1.2 -0.3 -14.7 -3.2 -61.8
Participation rate 63.5 62.5 0.7 -1.0 -2.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.3 4.2 0.5 -0.1 -6.5 ... ...
Employment rate 60.8 59.9 0.7 -0.9 1.9 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: