Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  August
2022
September
2022
Standard error1 August to September 2022 September 2021 to September 2022 August to September 2022 September 2021 to September 2022
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 184.9 185.2 ... 0.3 3.1 0.2 1.7
Labour force 125.3 122.7 1.0 -2.6 7.3 -2.1 6.3
Employment 118.7 116.5 1.0 -2.2 8.2 -1.9 7.6
Unemployment 6.6 6.2 0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -6.1 -12.7
Participation rate 67.8 66.3 0.5 -1.5 2.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.1 0.4 -0.2 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.2 62.9 0.5 -1.3 3.4 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 394.1 395.7 ... 1.6 14.4 0.4 3.8
Labour force 265.6 263.9 1.5 -1.7 7.2 -0.6 2.8
Employment 251.4 250.7 1.5 -0.7 11.7 -0.3 4.9
Unemployment 14.3 13.2 0.8 -1.1 -4.5 -7.7 -25.4
Participation rate 67.4 66.7 0.4 -0.7 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.0 0.3 -0.4 -1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 63.8 63.4 0.4 -0.4 0.7 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 138.6 139.1 ... 0.5 4.8 0.4 3.6
Labour force 89.2 90.2 0.9 1.0 -5.3 1.1 -5.5
Employment 84.6 85.0 0.9 0.4 -4.0 0.5 -4.5
Unemployment 4.6 5.2 0.5 0.6 -1.3 13.0 -20.0
Participation rate 64.4 64.8 0.6 0.4 -6.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.8 0.5 0.6 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.0 61.1 0.7 0.1 -5.2 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 112.9 113.2 ... 0.3 2.6 0.3 2.4
Labour force 69.2 69.2 0.9 0.0 0.8 0.0 1.2
Employment 64.2 64.3 0.9 0.1 1.9 0.2 3.0
Unemployment 5.0 4.9 0.4 -0.1 -1.2 -2.0 -19.7
Participation rate 61.3 61.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 7.1 0.6 -0.1 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 56.9 56.8 0.8 -0.1 0.4 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 135.4 135.5 ... 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0
Labour force 82.0 83.0 1.2 1.0 6.7 1.2 8.8
Employment 79.1 79.6 1.1 0.5 7.2 0.6 9.9
Unemployment 2.8 3.4 0.3 0.6 -0.5 21.4 -12.8
Participation rate 60.6 61.3 0.9 0.7 5.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.4 4.1 0.4 0.7 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 58.4 58.7 0.8 0.3 5.3 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 693.0 693.7 ... 0.7 5.1 0.1 0.7
Labour force 458.0 456.3 3.8 -1.7 -3.7 -0.4 -0.8
Employment 445.3 444.1 3.8 -1.2 2.7 -0.3 0.6
Unemployment 12.7 12.2 1.3 -0.5 -6.4 -3.9 -34.4
Participation rate 66.1 65.8 0.5 -0.3 -1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 2.8 2.7 0.3 -0.1 -1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 190.9 191.2 ... 0.3 2.6 0.2 1.4
Labour force 112.8 114.9 1.2 2.1 -5.0 1.9 -4.2
Employment 109.4 111.4 1.2 2.0 -3.4 1.8 -3.0
Unemployment 3.4 3.5 0.4 0.1 -1.5 2.9 -30.0
Participation rate 59.1 60.1 0.6 1.0 -3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.0 3.0 0.4 0.0 -1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 57.3 58.3 0.6 1.0 -2.6 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 137.8 137.9 ... 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.6
Labour force 79.2 80.2 1.1 1.0 -1.8 1.3 -2.2
Employment 76.6 77.2 1.0 0.6 -0.7 0.8 -0.9
Unemployment 2.7 3.1 0.3 0.4 -1.0 14.8 -24.4
Participation rate 57.5 58.2 0.8 0.7 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.4 3.9 0.4 0.5 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 55.6 56.0 0.8 0.4 -0.8 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,676.7 3,681.1 ... 4.4 36.9 0.1 1.0
Labour force 2,448.2 2,450.7 9.1 2.5 15.1 0.1 0.6
Employment 2,328.2 2,331.5 9.2 3.3 59.3 0.1 2.6
Unemployment 120.0 119.2 5.4 -0.8 -44.2 -0.7 -27.1
Participation rate 66.6 66.6 0.2 0.0 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 4.9 0.2 0.0 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.3 63.3 0.3 0.0 0.9 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,237.9 1,239.9 ... 2.0 25.3 0.2 2.1
Labour force 819.3 830.7 5.3 11.4 19.2 1.4 2.4
Employment 791.4 796.7 5.5 5.3 28.4 0.7 3.7
Unemployment 27.9 34.0 2.2 6.1 -9.1 21.9 -21.1
Participation rate 66.2 67.0 0.4 0.8 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.4 4.1 0.3 0.7 -1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 64.3 0.4 0.4 1.0 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 290.4 290.8 ... 0.4 3.8 0.1 1.3
Labour force 194.3 194.4 1.6 0.1 7.0 0.1 3.7
Employment 187.5 186.5 1.6 -1.0 6.6 -0.5 3.7
Unemployment 6.9 7.9 0.6 1.0 0.4 14.5 5.3
Participation rate 66.9 66.9 0.6 0.0 1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.6 4.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.6 64.1 0.5 -0.5 1.4 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 947.5 949.1 ... 1.6 21.5 0.2 2.3
Labour force 624.9 636.2 5.0 11.3 12.2 1.8 2.0
Employment 603.9 610.2 5.2 6.3 21.8 1.0 3.7
Unemployment 21.0 26.1 2.1 5.1 -9.5 24.3 -26.7
Participation rate 66.0 67.0 0.5 1.0 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.4 4.1 0.3 0.7 -1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 64.3 0.6 0.6 0.9 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 148.5 148.7 ... 0.2 3.8 0.1 2.6
Labour force 94.7 94.9 0.9 0.2 7.7 0.2 8.8
Employment 90.0 90.1 1.0 0.1 9.5 0.1 11.8
Unemployment 4.7 4.8 0.4 0.1 -1.7 2.1 -26.2
Participation rate 63.8 63.8 0.6 0.0 3.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 5.1 0.5 0.1 -2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 60.6 60.6 0.7 0.0 5.0 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 100.6 102.0 ... 1.4 5.6 1.4 5.8
Labour force 63.4 64.2 3.2 0.8 10.0 1.3 18.5
Employment 60.2 60.0 3.2 -0.2 9.5 -0.3 18.8
Unemployment 3.2 4.2 0.8 1.0 0.4 31.3 10.5
Participation rate 63.0 62.9 2.7 -0.1 6.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 6.5 1.7 1.5 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 59.8 58.8 2.7 -1.0 6.4 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 114.6 114.7 ... 0.1 1.4 0.1 1.2
Labour force 71.0 72.4 1.7 1.4 4.0 2.0 5.8
Employment 66.8 68.3 1.7 1.5 4.2 2.2 6.6
Unemployment 4.2 4.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.3 -4.8 -7.0
Participation rate 62.0 63.1 1.5 1.1 2.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.5 0.9 -0.4 -0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 58.3 59.5 1.5 1.2 2.9 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 351.7 352.1 ... 0.4 5.9 0.1 1.7
Labour force 237.9 237.4 2.2 -0.5 9.7 -0.2 4.3
Employment 225.5 224.0 2.4 -1.5 13.5 -0.7 6.4
Unemployment 12.3 13.4 1.1 1.1 -3.7 8.9 -21.6
Participation rate 67.6 67.4 0.6 -0.2 1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.6 0.5 0.4 -1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 63.6 0.7 -0.5 2.8 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,663.1 5,670.8 ... 7.7 94.1 0.1 1.7
Labour force 3,793.4 3,758.8 12.4 -34.6 -21.4 -0.9 -0.6
Employment 3,570.7 3,534.4 12.4 -36.3 87.7 -1.0 2.5
Unemployment 222.8 224.4 7.7 1.6 -109.1 0.7 -32.7
Participation rate 67.0 66.3 0.2 -0.7 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 6.0 0.2 0.1 -2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.1 62.3 0.2 -0.8 0.5 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 673.5 673.9 ... 0.4 6.4 0.1 1.0
Labour force 438.2 441.7 3.6 3.5 -3.1 0.8 -0.7
Employment 419.5 421.5 3.7 2.0 5.2 0.5 1.2
Unemployment 18.7 20.2 1.6 1.5 -8.3 8.0 -29.1
Participation rate 65.1 65.5 0.5 0.4 -1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.3 4.6 0.4 0.3 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 62.5 0.6 0.2 0.1 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 376.4 376.6 ... 0.2 3.2 0.1 0.9
Labour force 226.1 223.6 2.7 -2.5 -1.8 -1.1 -0.8
Employment 213.0 209.9 2.9 -3.1 3.6 -1.5 1.7
Unemployment 13.1 13.7 1.2 0.6 -5.4 4.6 -28.3
Participation rate 60.1 59.4 0.7 -0.7 -1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 6.1 0.5 0.3 -2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 56.6 55.7 0.8 -0.9 0.5 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 509.7 510.5 ... 0.8 9.4 0.2 1.9
Labour force 356.1 354.9 2.7 -1.2 11.5 -0.3 3.3
Employment 337.0 334.7 2.7 -2.3 14.6 -0.7 4.6
Unemployment 19.1 20.2 1.3 1.1 -3.1 5.8 -13.3
Participation rate 69.9 69.5 0.5 -0.4 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.7 0.4 0.3 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 66.1 65.6 0.5 -0.5 1.7 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 120.7 120.8 ... 0.1 1.5 0.1 1.3
Labour force 81.2 82.0 1.0 0.8 3.7 1.0 4.7
Employment 78.0 78.7 1.0 0.7 5.0 0.9 6.8
Unemployment 3.1 3.4 0.4 0.3 -1.2 9.7 -26.1
Participation rate 67.3 67.9 0.8 0.6 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.8 4.1 0.5 0.3 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 64.6 65.1 0.9 0.5 3.3 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 143.2 143.4 ... 0.2 2.5 0.1 1.8
Labour force 98.1 99.3 1.3 1.2 -0.7 1.2 -0.7
Employment 95.2 95.3 1.4 0.1 1.3 0.1 1.4
Unemployment 3.0 3.9 0.6 0.9 -2.1 30.0 -35.0
Participation rate 68.5 69.2 0.9 0.7 -1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.1 3.9 0.6 0.8 -2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 66.5 66.5 1.0 0.0 -0.2 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 476.5 477.1 ... 0.6 8.2 0.1 1.7
Labour force 313.3 315.0 2.7 1.7 6.7 0.5 2.2
Employment 292.7 295.0 2.8 2.3 9.1 0.8 3.2
Unemployment 20.6 20.0 1.3 -0.6 -2.4 -2.9 -10.7
Participation rate 65.8 66.0 0.6 0.2 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.3 0.4 -0.3 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.4 61.8 0.6 0.4 0.8 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 308.9 309.2 ... 0.3 3.6 0.1 1.2
Labour force 178.7 179.5 2.5 0.8 -3.6 0.4 -2.0
Employment 165.3 164.0 2.6 -1.3 -0.1 -0.8 -0.1
Unemployment 13.4 15.5 1.2 2.1 -3.5 15.7 -18.4
Participation rate 57.9 58.1 0.8 0.2 -1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 8.6 0.6 1.1 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 53.5 53.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.7 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 184.0 184.2 ... 0.2 2.5 0.1 1.4
Labour force 127.8 128.7 2.0 0.9 4.4 0.7 3.5
Employment 121.4 122.8 2.1 1.4 6.2 1.2 5.3
Unemployment 6.4 5.9 1.1 -0.5 -1.9 -7.8 -24.4
Participation rate 69.5 69.9 1.1 0.4 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 4.6 0.9 -0.4 -1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 66.0 66.7 1.2 0.7 2.5 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 146.0 146.0 ... 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.3
Labour force 88.3 87.6 1.1 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8 -1.1
Employment 84.8 83.8 1.0 -1.0 2.5 -1.2 3.1
Unemployment 3.5 3.8 0.4 0.3 -3.6 8.6 -48.6
Participation rate 60.5 60.0 0.7 -0.5 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.0 4.3 0.5 0.3 -4.1 ... ...
Employment rate 58.1 57.4 0.7 -0.7 1.6 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 106.6 106.6 ... 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2
Labour force 64.3 64.1 0.7 -0.2 -1.3 -0.3 -2.0
Employment 61.2 60.7 0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7
Unemployment 3.1 3.4 0.3 0.3 -0.9 9.7 -20.9
Participation rate 60.3 60.1 0.6 -0.2 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 5.3 0.4 0.5 -1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 57.4 56.9 0.6 -0.5 -0.5 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 714.2 715.1 ... 0.9 10.7 0.1 1.5
Labour force 479.7 480.9 1.6 1.2 1.7 0.3 0.4
Employment 459.1 458.8 1.7 -0.3 10.2 -0.1 2.3
Unemployment 20.7 22.0 0.9 1.3 -8.6 6.3 -28.1
Participation rate 67.2 67.2 0.2 0.0 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.3 4.6 0.2 0.3 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.2 0.2 -0.1 0.5 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 220.2 220.8 ... 0.6 4.7 0.3 2.2
Labour force 144.7 143.0 1.1 -1.7 -5.4 -1.2 -3.6
Employment 138.2 136.8 1.2 -1.4 -2.6 -1.0 -1.9
Unemployment 6.4 6.2 0.6 -0.2 -2.8 -3.1 -31.1
Participation rate 65.7 64.8 0.5 -0.9 -3.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.3 0.4 -0.1 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 62.8 62.0 0.5 -0.8 -2.5 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 280.6 281.5 ... 0.9 7.3 0.3 2.7
Labour force 200.4 199.4 1.3 -1.0 11.6 -0.5 6.2
Employment 192.5 191.1 1.3 -1.4 17.6 -0.7 10.1
Unemployment 7.9 8.3 0.6 0.4 -6.0 5.1 -42.0
Participation rate 71.4 70.8 0.5 -0.6 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 4.2 0.3 0.3 -3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 68.6 67.9 0.5 -0.7 4.6 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 107.7 108.0 ... 0.3 2.6 0.3 2.5
Labour force 70.9 70.6 1.1 -0.3 2.1 -0.4 3.1
Employment 67.1 67.4 1.1 0.3 2.3 0.4 3.5
Unemployment 3.9 3.2 0.5 -0.7 -0.2 -17.9 -5.9
Participation rate 65.8 65.4 1.0 -0.4 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 4.5 0.7 -1.0 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 62.4 1.0 0.1 0.6 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,298.6 1,302.4 ... 3.8 34.1 0.3 2.7
Labour force 940.9 941.3 5.4 0.4 46.8 0.0 5.2
Employment 894.8 892.3 5.6 -2.5 74.2 -0.3 9.1
Unemployment 46.1 49.0 3.2 2.9 -27.4 6.3 -35.9
Participation rate 72.5 72.3 0.4 -0.2 1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 5.2 0.3 0.3 -3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 68.9 68.5 0.4 -0.4 4.0 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,233.9 1,237.6 ... 3.7 33.6 0.3 2.8
Labour force 846.8 846.4 4.9 -0.4 2.5 -0.0 0.3
Employment 805.4 805.6 5.2 0.2 29.4 0.0 3.8
Unemployment 41.4 40.8 2.7 -0.6 -27.0 -1.4 -39.8
Participation rate 68.6 68.4 0.4 -0.2 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 4.8 0.3 -0.1 -3.2 ... ...
Employment rate 65.3 65.1 0.4 -0.2 0.6 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 188.9 189.1 ... 0.2 4.5 0.1 2.4
Labour force 116.4 114.0 1.9 -2.4 -2.1 -2.1 -1.8
Employment 111.9 109.2 2.0 -2.7 -1.0 -2.4 -0.9
Unemployment 4.5 4.7 0.8 0.2 -1.2 4.4 -20.3
Participation rate 61.6 60.3 1.0 -1.3 -2.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 4.1 0.7 0.2 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 59.2 57.7 1.1 -1.5 -2.0 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 174.4 174.5 ... 0.1 3.0 0.1 1.7
Labour force 117.3 118.6 1.2 1.3 3.7 1.1 3.2
Employment 110.4 111.3 1.2 0.9 4.4 0.8 4.1
Unemployment 6.8 7.3 0.5 0.5 -0.7 7.4 -8.8
Participation rate 67.3 68.0 0.7 0.7 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 6.2 0.5 0.4 -0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.3 63.8 0.7 0.5 1.5 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,393.3 2,395.4 ... 2.1 39.4 0.1 1.7
Labour force 1,612.0 1,614.8 6.6 2.8 -11.7 0.2 -0.7
Employment 1,534.7 1,542.3 6.6 7.6 24.6 0.5 1.6
Unemployment 77.3 72.5 3.9 -4.8 -36.3 -6.2 -33.4
Participation rate 67.4 67.4 0.3 0.0 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 4.5 0.2 -0.3 -2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 64.4 0.3 0.3 0.0 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 355.3 355.8 ... 0.5 7.9 0.1 2.3
Labour force 224.7 224.1 2.2 -0.6 9.9 -0.3 4.6
Employment 213.8 213.5 2.3 -0.3 8.4 -0.1 4.1
Unemployment 10.9 10.6 0.8 -0.3 1.5 -2.8 16.5
Participation rate 63.2 63.0 0.6 -0.2 1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 4.7 0.4 -0.2 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 60.2 60.0 0.6 -0.2 1.0 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: