Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  February
2024
March
2024
Standard error1 February to March 2024 March 2023 to March 2024 February to March 2024 March 2023 to March 2024
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 193.4 193.9 ... 0.5 6.3 0.3 3.4
Labour force 126.7 128.3 0.8 1.6 6.2 1.3 5.1
Employment 118.7 120.1 0.9 1.4 4.7 1.2 4.1
Unemployment 8.0 8.2 0.4 0.2 1.5 2.5 22.4
Participation rate 65.5 66.2 0.4 0.7 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.4 0.3 0.1 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 61.4 61.9 0.5 0.5 0.4 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 420.4 422.2 ... 1.8 19.3 0.4 4.8
Labour force 289.9 293.3 1.5 3.4 17.9 1.2 6.5
Employment 275.5 278.0 1.5 2.5 15.2 0.9 5.8
Unemployment 14.4 15.3 0.8 0.9 2.7 6.3 21.4
Participation rate 69.0 69.5 0.4 0.5 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 5.2 0.3 0.2 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 65.5 65.8 0.4 0.3 0.6 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 148.2 148.9 ... 0.7 6.9 0.5 4.9
Labour force 97.4 97.9 0.9 0.5 2.1 0.5 2.2
Employment 92.4 92.8 0.9 0.4 2.0 0.4 2.2
Unemployment 5.0 5.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Participation rate 65.7 65.7 0.7 0.0 -1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 5.1 0.4 0.0 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 62.3 0.7 0.0 -1.6 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 117.7 118.0 ... 0.3 3.3 0.3 2.9
Labour force 75.6 77.0 0.9 1.4 7.8 1.9 11.3
Employment 72.0 72.6 0.9 0.6 7.1 0.8 10.8
Unemployment 3.7 4.4 0.3 0.7 0.7 18.9 18.9
Participation rate 64.2 65.3 0.8 1.1 5.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 5.7 0.5 0.8 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.2 61.5 0.8 0.3 4.4 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 136.9 137.0 ... 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.9
Labour force 78.5 78.1 1.1 -0.4 1.9 -0.5 2.5
Employment 76.4 76.4 1.1 0.0 3.0 0.0 4.1
Unemployment 2.0 1.7 0.3 -0.3 -1.1 -15.0 -39.3
Participation rate 57.3 57.0 0.8 -0.3 0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 2.5 2.2 0.4 -0.3 -1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 55.8 55.8 0.8 0.0 1.7 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 706.6 707.6 ... 1.0 10.1 0.1 1.4
Labour force 479.0 481.2 3.4 2.2 15.6 0.5 3.4
Employment 465.2 466.3 3.4 1.1 9.3 0.2 2.0
Unemployment 13.8 14.9 1.1 1.1 6.3 8.0 73.3
Participation rate 67.8 68.0 0.5 0.2 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 2.9 3.1 0.2 0.2 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 65.8 65.9 0.5 0.1 0.4 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 196.9 197.4 ... 0.5 4.5 0.3 2.3
Labour force 123.9 124.8 1.3 0.9 8.4 0.7 7.2
Employment 117.6 117.9 1.3 0.3 6.5 0.3 5.8
Unemployment 6.3 6.9 0.4 0.6 1.9 9.5 38.0
Participation rate 62.9 63.2 0.7 0.3 2.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 5.5 0.4 0.4 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 59.7 59.7 0.7 0.0 1.9 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 140.2 140.4 ... 0.2 1.9 0.1 1.4
Labour force 86.8 86.2 0.9 -0.6 6.8 -0.7 8.6
Employment 81.7 81.2 0.9 -0.5 4.8 -0.6 6.3
Unemployment 5.1 4.9 0.3 -0.2 1.9 -3.9 63.3
Participation rate 61.9 61.4 0.7 -0.5 4.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.7 0.4 -0.2 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 58.3 57.8 0.7 -0.5 2.6 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,805.3 3,816.7 ... 11.4 105.6 0.3 2.8
Labour force 2,532.1 2,521.0 9.0 -11.1 -15.9 -0.4 -0.6
Employment 2,387.5 2,378.5 9.3 -9.0 -38.3 -0.4 -1.6
Unemployment 144.6 142.6 4.6 -2.0 22.4 -1.4 18.6
Participation rate 66.5 66.1 0.2 -0.4 -2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.7 0.2 0.0 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 62.7 62.3 0.3 -0.4 -2.8 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,293.5 1,297.5 ... 4.0 42.7 0.3 3.4
Labour force 892.6 891.6 4.6 -1.0 41.4 -0.1 4.9
Employment 851.0 848.5 4.7 -2.5 34.0 -0.3 4.2
Unemployment 41.6 43.0 1.9 1.4 7.4 3.4 20.8
Participation rate 69.0 68.7 0.4 -0.3 0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.8 0.2 0.1 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 65.8 65.4 0.4 -0.4 0.5 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 297.2 297.7 ... 0.5 4.7 0.2 1.6
Labour force 203.4 205.2 1.5 1.8 10.4 0.9 5.3
Employment 193.9 195.6 1.6 1.7 9.5 0.9 5.1
Unemployment 9.5 9.6 0.5 0.1 1.0 1.1 11.6
Participation rate 68.4 68.9 0.5 0.5 2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.7 0.3 0.0 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 65.2 65.7 0.5 0.5 2.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 996.2 999.8 ... 3.6 38.0 0.4 4.0
Labour force 689.2 686.4 4.3 -2.8 31.0 -0.4 4.7
Employment 657.1 652.9 4.4 -4.2 24.5 -0.6 3.9
Unemployment 32.1 33.5 1.8 1.4 6.5 4.4 24.1
Participation rate 69.2 68.7 0.4 -0.5 0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.9 0.3 0.2 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 66.0 65.3 0.5 -0.7 0.0 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 157.4 157.9 ... 0.5 6.9 0.3 4.6
Labour force 96.3 96.3 0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1
Employment 89.9 89.6 0.9 -0.3 -1.9 -0.3 -2.1
Unemployment 6.3 6.7 0.3 0.4 1.8 6.3 36.7
Participation rate 61.2 61.0 0.6 -0.2 -2.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 7.0 0.3 0.5 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 57.1 56.7 0.6 -0.4 -3.9 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 94.5 96.1 ... 1.6 -8.1 1.7 -7.8
Labour force 40.4 40.9 3.2 0.5 -26.2 1.2 -39.0
Employment 38.4 39.1 2.9 0.7 -24.6 1.8 -38.6
Unemployment 1.9 1.8 0.9 -0.1 -1.6 -5.3 -47.1
Participation rate 42.8 42.6 2.0 -0.2 -21.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.4 1.3 -0.3 -0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 40.6 40.7 1.8 0.1 -20.4 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 118.9 119.2 ... 0.3 3.6 0.3 3.1
Labour force 72.3 70.1 1.4 -2.2 3.6 -3.0 5.4
Employment 68.3 66.0 1.5 -2.3 3.3 -3.4 5.3
Unemployment 4.0 4.1 0.5 0.1 0.3 2.5 7.9
Participation rate 60.8 58.8 1.2 -2.0 1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.8 0.8 0.3 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 57.4 55.4 1.3 -2.0 1.2 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 363.1 364.0 ... 0.9 8.9 0.2 2.5
Labour force 243.2 243.6 2.1 0.4 5.8 0.2 2.4
Employment 229.4 230.9 2.1 1.5 4.2 0.7 1.9
Unemployment 13.8 12.7 1.0 -1.1 1.6 -8.0 14.4
Participation rate 67.0 66.9 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.2 0.4 -0.5 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 63.2 63.4 0.6 0.2 -0.4 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,970.5 5,996.6 ... 26.1 256.9 0.4 4.5
Labour force 3,954.6 3,979.7 11.4 25.1 108.9 0.6 2.8
Employment 3,674.2 3,683.0 11.4 8.8 38.3 0.2 1.1
Unemployment 280.4 296.7 6.2 16.3 70.6 5.8 31.2
Participation rate 66.2 66.4 0.2 0.2 -1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 7.5 0.2 0.4 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 61.5 61.4 0.2 -0.1 -2.1 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 692.5 694.2 ... 1.7 16.3 0.2 2.4
Labour force 446.2 450.4 3.2 4.2 13.2 0.9 3.0
Employment 417.7 421.5 3.3 3.8 8.3 0.9 2.0
Unemployment 28.5 28.9 1.3 0.4 5.0 1.4 20.9
Participation rate 64.4 64.9 0.5 0.5 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.4 0.3 0.0 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 60.3 60.7 0.5 0.4 -0.3 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 389.4 390.5 ... 1.1 11.3 0.3 3.0
Labour force 234.0 233.0 3.0 -1.0 0.8 -0.4 0.3
Employment 216.7 215.2 2.9 -1.5 -7.7 -0.7 -3.5
Unemployment 17.4 17.8 1.1 0.4 8.4 2.3 89.4
Participation rate 60.1 59.7 0.8 -0.4 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 7.6 0.5 0.2 3.6 ... ...
Employment rate 55.6 55.1 0.8 -0.5 -3.7 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 539.3 541.8 ... 2.5 24.6 0.5 4.8
Labour force 373.5 378.3 2.0 4.8 20.7 1.3 5.8
Employment 348.5 353.4 2.1 4.9 17.4 1.4 5.2
Unemployment 25.0 24.9 1.1 -0.1 3.3 -0.4 15.3
Participation rate 69.3 69.8 0.4 0.5 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.6 0.3 -0.1 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.6 65.2 0.4 0.6 0.2 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 123.3 123.5 ... 0.2 2.1 0.2 1.7
Labour force 83.4 83.8 1.0 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.0
Employment 79.3 79.7 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.3
Unemployment 4.1 4.1 0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -4.7
Participation rate 67.6 67.9 0.9 0.3 -1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 4.9 0.5 0.0 -0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.5 0.9 0.2 -1.0 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 148.7 149.1 ... 0.4 4.4 0.3 3.0
Labour force 108.0 109.3 1.3 1.3 6.1 1.2 5.9
Employment 103.8 105.2 1.3 1.4 5.9 1.3 5.9
Unemployment 4.2 4.1 0.6 -0.1 0.2 -2.4 5.1
Participation rate 72.6 73.3 0.9 0.7 2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 3.8 0.6 -0.1 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 69.8 70.6 0.9 0.8 2.0 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 500.8 502.8 ... 2.0 20.0 0.4 4.1
Labour force 330.2 332.0 2.4 1.8 19.2 0.5 6.1
Employment 310.8 310.9 2.4 0.1 13.7 0.0 4.6
Unemployment 19.4 21.1 1.0 1.7 5.4 8.8 34.4
Participation rate 65.9 66.0 0.5 0.1 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 6.4 0.3 0.5 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 61.8 0.5 -0.3 0.2 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 322.9 324.2 ... 1.3 12.1 0.4 3.9
Labour force 198.6 201.3 2.0 2.7 -2.2 1.4 -1.1
Employment 184.0 186.4 2.1 2.4 -5.4 1.3 -2.8
Unemployment 14.6 15.0 0.9 0.4 3.2 2.7 27.1
Participation rate 61.5 62.1 0.6 0.6 -3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 7.5 0.5 0.1 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 57.0 57.5 0.7 0.5 -4.0 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 190.8 191.3 ... 0.5 5.5 0.3 3.0
Labour force 134.9 134.1 1.6 -0.8 -8.7 -0.6 -6.1
Employment 124.8 125.0 1.7 0.2 -12.1 0.2 -8.8
Unemployment 10.0 9.1 0.8 -0.9 3.4 -9.0 59.6
Participation rate 70.7 70.1 0.9 -0.6 -6.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 6.8 0.6 -0.6 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 65.4 65.3 0.9 -0.1 -8.5 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 148.9 149.2 ... 0.3 2.7 0.2 1.8
Labour force 92.3 90.5 1.0 -1.8 -1.2 -2.0 -1.3
Employment 87.0 85.3 1.0 -1.7 -2.7 -2.0 -3.1
Unemployment 5.4 5.1 0.4 -0.3 1.4 -5.6 37.8
Participation rate 62.0 60.7 0.7 -1.3 -1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.6 0.4 -0.3 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 58.4 57.2 0.7 -1.2 -2.9 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 108.7 108.9 ... 0.2 2.1 0.2 2.0
Labour force 64.0 64.3 0.6 0.3 -3.7 0.5 -5.4
Employment 61.4 61.5 0.6 0.1 -3.7 0.2 -5.7
Unemployment 2.5 2.8 0.2 0.3 0.0 12.0 0.0
Participation rate 58.9 59.0 0.6 0.1 -4.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 4.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 56.5 56.5 0.6 0.0 -4.5 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 750.0 753.0 ... 3.0 30.1 0.4 4.2
Labour force 502.6 503.9 1.7 1.3 10.7 0.3 2.2
Employment 482.1 481.7 1.8 -0.4 12.2 -0.1 2.6
Unemployment 20.6 22.2 1.0 1.6 -1.5 7.8 -6.3
Participation rate 67.0 66.9 0.2 -0.1 -1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.1 4.4 0.2 0.3 -0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.9 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 233.7 234.7 ... 1.0 10.1 0.4 4.5
Labour force 159.6 159.9 1.1 0.3 8.6 0.2 5.7
Employment 152.0 151.2 1.1 -0.8 7.4 -0.5 5.1
Unemployment 7.6 8.6 0.5 1.0 1.1 13.2 14.7
Participation rate 68.3 68.1 0.5 -0.2 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 5.4 0.3 0.6 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 65.0 64.4 0.5 -0.6 0.4 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 298.6 299.8 ... 1.2 13.0 0.4 4.5
Labour force 213.8 214.0 1.2 0.2 11.6 0.1 5.7
Employment 202.7 202.9 1.2 0.2 9.7 0.1 5.0
Unemployment 11.1 11.1 0.5 0.0 2.0 0.0 22.0
Participation rate 71.6 71.4 0.4 -0.2 0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.2 0.3 0.0 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 67.9 67.7 0.4 -0.2 0.3 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 114.9 115.4 ... 0.5 5.4 0.4 4.9
Labour force 81.3 81.9 1.3 0.6 8.8 0.7 12.0
Employment 76.2 76.5 1.3 0.3 6.9 0.4 9.9
Unemployment 5.1 5.4 0.4 0.3 1.9 5.9 54.3
Participation rate 70.8 71.0 1.2 0.2 4.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.6 0.6 0.3 1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 66.3 66.3 1.2 0.0 3.0 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,392.2 1,398.1 ... 5.9 70.3 0.4 5.3
Labour force 979.2 996.1 6.0 16.9 55.0 1.7 5.8
Employment 919.5 931.6 6.2 12.1 51.8 1.3 5.9
Unemployment 59.8 64.5 2.7 4.7 3.2 7.9 5.2
Participation rate 70.3 71.2 0.4 0.9 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 6.5 0.3 0.4 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 66.0 66.6 0.5 0.6 0.3 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,326.7 1,332.6 ... 5.9 70.1 0.4 5.6
Labour force 912.8 911.7 5.1 -1.1 17.5 -0.1 2.0
Employment 852.4 853.0 5.2 0.6 7.9 0.1 0.9
Unemployment 60.4 58.7 2.5 -1.7 9.6 -2.8 19.6
Participation rate 68.8 68.4 0.4 -0.4 -2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.4 0.3 -0.2 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 64.2 64.0 0.4 -0.2 -2.9 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 196.2 196.8 ... 0.6 6.0 0.3 3.1
Labour force 117.6 118.4 2.1 0.8 -2.9 0.7 -2.4
Employment 111.0 112.0 2.0 1.0 -5.2 0.9 -4.4
Unemployment 6.5 6.4 0.7 -0.1 2.3 -1.5 56.1
Participation rate 59.9 60.2 1.1 0.3 -3.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.4 0.5 -0.1 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 56.6 56.9 1.0 0.3 -4.5 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 180.7 181.3 ... 0.6 5.6 0.3 3.2
Labour force 114.8 116.6 1.2 1.8 4.3 1.6 3.8
Employment 109.9 111.3 1.2 1.4 5.3 1.3 5.0
Unemployment 4.9 5.3 0.5 0.4 -1.1 8.2 -17.2
Participation rate 63.5 64.3 0.7 0.8 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.3 4.5 0.4 0.2 -1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 60.8 61.4 0.7 0.6 1.1 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,496.0 2,505.3 ... 9.3 91.8 0.4 3.8
Labour force 1,710.5 1,706.2 6.0 -4.3 61.1 -0.3 3.7
Employment 1,615.5 1,614.5 6.1 -1.0 51.7 -0.1 3.3
Unemployment 95.0 91.7 3.1 -3.3 9.4 -3.5 11.4
Participation rate 68.5 68.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.6 5.4 0.2 -0.2 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 64.7 64.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 369.4 370.5 ... 1.1 11.5 0.3 3.2
Labour force 241.1 242.0 2.2 0.9 21.7 0.4 9.9
Employment 230.7 230.3 2.2 -0.4 17.2 -0.2 8.1
Unemployment 10.4 11.7 0.8 1.3 4.6 12.5 64.8
Participation rate 65.3 65.3 0.6 0.0 3.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.3 4.8 0.3 0.5 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 62.5 62.2 0.6 -0.3 2.8 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: