| Geography | Spectator sports | Promoters (presenters) of performing arts, sports and similar events | Agents and managers for artists, athletes, entertainers and other public figures | Independent artists, writers and performers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| percent | ||||
| Canada | 0.26 | 0.67 | 1.45 | 0.40 |
I hereby authorize Statistics Canada to disclose any or all portions of the data supplied on this questionnaire that could identify this department after the tabling of the forecast year Main Estimates.
This survey collects financial and operating data on expenditures and full-time equivalent personnel on the scientific activities of Federal Government Public Administration in Canada.
The data collected are used by federal and provincial science policy analysts, and are also part of the gross domestic expenditures on research and development (GERD). Your information may also be used by Statistics Canada for other statistical and research purposes.
Collected under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19.
Completion of this questionnaire is a legal requirement under this Act.
Statistics Canada is prohibited by law from releasing any information it collects which could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Statistics Canada will use the information from this survey for statistical purposes.
To reduce respondent burden, Statistics Canada has entered into data-sharing agreements with provincial and territorial statistical agencies and other government organizations, which have agreed to keep the data confidential and use them only for statistical purposes. Statistics Canada will only share data from this survey with those organizations that have demonstrated a requirement to use the data.
Section 11 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with provincial and territorial statistical agencies that meet certain conditions. These agencies must have the legislative authority to collect the same information, on a mandatory basis, and the legislation must provide substantially the same provisions for confidentiality and penalties for disclosure of confidential information as the Statistics Act. Because these agencies have the legal authority to compel businesses to provide the same information, consent is not requested and businesses may not object to the sharing of the data.
For this survey, there are Section 11 agreements with the provincial and territorial statistical agencies of Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, and the Yukon.
The shared data will be limited to information pertaining to federal departments and agencies located within the jurisdiction of the respective province or territory.
Section 12 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with federal, provincial or territorial government organizations. Under Section 12, you may refuse to share your information with any of these organizations by writing a letter of objection to the Chief Statistician and returning it with the completed questionnaire. Please specify the organizations with which you do not want to share your data.
For this survey, there are Section 12 agreements with the statistical agencies of Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut and Industry Canada.
The shared data will be limited to information pertaining to federal departments and agencies located within the jurisdiction of the respective province or territory.
To enhance the data from this survey and to minimize the reporting burden, Statistics Canada may combine it with information from other surveys or from administrative sources.
Statistics Canada advises you that there could be a risk of disclosure during the transmission of information by facsimile or e-mail. However, upon receipt, Statistics Canada will provide the guaranteed level of protection afforded all information collected under the authority of the Statistics Act.
Please forward the completed questionnaire and listing of extramural performers through the Electronic File Transfer service (EFT).
For further inquiries:
Phone Number: toll free at 1-888-659-8229
Fax number: toll free at 1-800-755-5514
Email: statcan.fsepsurv-enqdmsf.statcan@statcan.gc.ca
Your participation is greatly appreciated and will contribute to providing useful information on federal S&T expenditures. You will be able to access the results through "The Daily" and Tables 27-10- 0005-01 to 27-10-0014-01 and Tables 27-10-0026-01 to 27-10- 0029-01 on Statistics Canada's web site. The data will also be available on Science.gc.ca.
Thank you for your co-operation.
This introduction is intended to provide an overview of the process of collecting science expenditure data; definitions of and explanatory notes on natural sciences and engineering, social sciences, humanities and the arts, scientific and technological activities, performance sectors, and other terms used are given in subsequent sections.
The collection of science expenditure data is organized by the Investment, Science and Technology Division (ISTD) of Statistics Canada. This exercise was formerly conducted under the aegis of the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat but is now solely a Statistics Canada survey.
Collection is undertaken to gather essential data describing the recent, current and proposed state of the federal resources allocated to science. Federal science expenditures data are provided to Industry Canada who in turn use the data in the development of advice to the Assistant Deputy Ministers' Steering Committee on the Management of S&T, their Minister and the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, as well as in policy development and in monitoring the implementation of science policies. Statistics Canada maintains historical expenditure series in natural sciences and engineering dating back to 1963 and to 1971 in the social sciences, humanities and the arts. These data are available through the Investment, Science and Technology Division (ISTD) or through special requests.
The basic reporting unit is the budgetary program of a department or agency. Each budgetary program forms the subject of separate scientific expenditure reports for the natural and for the social science activities within it. Both the program and the program activities within it may be scientific in whole or in part only. Only expenditures on the scientific components of a program or its activity are reported. In some programs it will be difficult to distinguish between the natural and social sciences. However, some allocation must be made and in determining this allocation, the dominant orientation of the projects and the area of expertise of the personnel involved must be considered. Detailed definitions are given on the following pages.
On the questionnaires, the identified expenditures are looked at from several different viewpoints and in various subdivisions. Expenditures on research and development (R&D) and related scientific activities (RSA) are subdivided to provide an indication of the "what" of a department's scientific effort. Expenditures in each category of scientific activity are further subdivided into "current" and "capital" segments. Current expenditures are additionally subdivided by sector, to indicate the "where" and "by whom" the activity is performed (e.g., in business enterprise, in higher education).
The human resources allocated to scientific activities are summarized in terms of the involved categories of personnel (scientific and professional, technical, etc.) and the principal focus of their efforts (R&D, RSA and, administration of extramural programs).
When completed, checked for consistency with previous reports, entered into the database and totaled along the various dimensions, these data provide snapshots of the federal resources allocated to science, supporting not only the work of central agencies but also the submissions of departments and agencies requesting resources.
This survey collects financial and operating data on expenditures and full-time equivalent personnel on the scientific activities of Federal Government Public Administration in Canada.
The social sciences, humanities and the arts consist of disciplines involving the study of human actions and conditions and the social, economic and institutional mechanisms affecting humans. Included are such disciplines as arts, economics and business, education, history and archaeology, law, language and linguistics, media and communications, philosophy, ethics and religion, psychology and cognitive sciences, social and economic geography, and sociology.
Scientific and technological (S&T) activities can be defined as all systematic activities which are closely concerned with the generation, advancement, dissemination and application of scientific and technology knowledge in all fields of science and technology, that is the natural sciences and engineering, and the social sciences, humanities and the arts.
The central activity is scientific research and experimental development (R&D). In addition there are a number of activities closely related to R&D, and are termed related scientific activities (RSA). Those identified as being appropriate for the federal government in the social sciences, humanities and the arts are: general purpose data collection, information services, special services and studies and education support.
The performer is equivalent to the sector in which the scientific activity is conducted. The basic distinction is between intramural and extramural performance. Extramural payments are classified on the basis of the performance sectors to which they are made. The appropriate extramural performers are business enterprise, higher education, Canadian non-profit institutions, foreign performers, provincial and municipal governments, and other performers.
lntramural activities include all current expenditures incurred for scientific activities carried out by in-house personnel of units assigned to the program; the related gross fixed capital expenditures (acquisition of land, buildings, machinery and equipment for scientific activities); the administration of scientific activities by program employees; and, the purchase of goods and services to support in-house scientific activities (include royalties or licences for the use of patents and other intellectual property rights, the lease of capital goods (machinery and equipment, etc.) and the rental of buildings to support scientific activities performed by the statistical unit in the reference year).
The intramural expenditures reported for scientific activities are those direct costs, including salaries, associated with scientific programs. The costs should include that portion of a program's contribution to employee benefit plans (e.g., superannuation and compensation) which is applicable to the scientific personnel within the program. The summation of intramural R&D activity is synonymous with the performance of R&D for the entire economy (GERD).
Extramural performers are groups being funded by the federal government sector for S&T activities. In this survey the extramural performers include:
Business enterprise – business and government enterprises including public utilities and government-owned firms. Both financial and non-financial corporations are included. Incorporated consultants or unincorporated individuals providing scientific and engineering services are also included. Industrial research institutes located at Canadian universities are considered to be in the higher education sector.
Higher education – comprises all universities, colleges of technology and other institutes of post-secondary education, whatever their source of finance or legal status. It also includes teaching hospitals (non-teaching hospitals are in the Canadian non-profit sector) all research institutes, centers, experimental stations and clinics that have their scientific activities under the direct control of, or administered by, or associated with, the higher education establishments.
Canadian non-profit institutions – charitable foundations, voluntary health organizations, scientific and professional societies, non-teaching hospitals (teaching hospitals are in the higher education sector) and other organizations not established to earn profits. Non-profit institutions primarily serving or controlled by another sector should be included in the controlling sector.
Provincial and municipal governments – departments and agencies of these governments as well as provincial research organizations. Government enterprises, such as provincial utilities are included in the business enterprise sector, and non-teaching hospitals in the Canadian non-profit institutions sector.
Foreign performers – all foreign government agencies, foreign companies (including foreign subsidiaries of Canadian firms), international organizations, non-resident foreign nationals and Canadians studying or teaching abroad.
Research and experimental development (R&D) – comprise creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge - including knowledge of humankind, culture and society - and to devise new applications of available knowledge.
R&D activities may be aimed at achieving either specific or general objectives. R&D is always aimed at new findings, based on original concepts (and their interpretation) or hypotheses. It is largely uncertain about its final outcome (or at least about the quantity of time and resources needed to achieve it), it is planned for and budgeted (even when carried out by individuals), and it is aimed at producing results that could be either freely transferred or traded in a marketplace.
For an activity to be an R&D activity, it must satisfy five core criteria:
Examples of R&D:
Both "research" and "development" are often used with different meanings in the government. For example, it is increasingly common to hear that a person is "researching" something (i.e. the person is looking for information about something). Similarly, there are many units with either "research" or "development" or both terms in their titles which are concerned primarily with information gathering, speech writing, and preparation of position papers. These should be excluded from the scientific activity of R&D. On the other hand, a case study on unemployment in a specific region, if applying original techniques in interviewing survey respondents could include such data collection in its R&D effort. From a broad perspective, to the extent that the social sciences are using empirical data, the same guidelines have to be applied as for the natural sciences (although excluding the testing of their results on an experimental basis).
Many social scientists perform work in which they bring the established methodologies and facts of the social sciences to bear upon a particular problem, but which cannot be classified as research. The following are examples of work which might be included in this category and are not R&D: interpretative commentary on the probable economic effects of a change in the tax structure using existing economic data; forecasting future changes in the pattern of the demand for social services within a given area arising from an altered demographic structure; operations research as a contribution to decision-making, e.g. planning the optimal distribution system for a factory; the use of standard techniques in applied psychology to select and classify industrial and military personnel, students, etc., and to test children with reading or other disabilities.
Item 1. In-house R&D – R&D performed by personnel of the reporting program. It may include R&D carried out on behalf of another program or federal government department.
In-house R&D activities include all current expenditures incurred for scientific activities carried out by in-house personnel of units assigned to the program, the purchase of goods and services to support in-house scientific activities (include royalties or licences for the use of patents and other intellectual property rights, and the rental of buildings to support scientific activities performed by the statistical unit in the reference year). Also include expenses of persons who provide ancillary services such as security, cleaning and maintenance work, finance and administration that are related and proportional to the R&D being conducted. However, the personnel providing these services are not to be included in the in-house personnel counts (see Section 2. Personnel).
Include the costs of self-employed individuals, consultants and researchers not employed by the statistical unit's R&D activities, who are working on-site on the departments' R&D projects.
The intramural expenditures reported to R&D are those direct costs, including salaries, associated with scientific programs. The cost should include that portion of a program's contribution to employee benefit plans (e.g., superannuation and compensation) which is applicable to the scientific personnel within the program.
Item 2. R&D contracts – R&D contracts to an outside institution or individual to fund R&D performed by the institution or individual. The criterion is: would the performer report the R&D contract as in-house (intramural) R&D that is government-funded? If the answer is yes the activity would be an R&D contract. If no, and the funding is to provide goods and services necessary to support the in-house R&D of the federal government it should be reported as In-house R&D (Item 1).
Contracts to other federal government departments should be reported as a transfer of funds in question 3A (i) and 3A (ii) of the questionnaire.
Item 3. R&D grants and contributions – awards to organizations or individuals for the conduct of R&D and intended to benefit the recipients rather than provide the program with goods, services or information. These funds are normally identical to that portion of the budgetary "grants and contributions" line object of expenditure which is devoted to R&D activities.
Item 4. Research fellowships – awards to individuals for advanced research training and experience. Awards intended primarily to support the education of the recipients should be reported as "education support".
Item 5. Administration of extramural programs – the costs of identifiable units engaged in the administration of contracts and grants and contributions for scientific activities that are to be performed outside the federal government. These expenditures should be broken down by the type of scientific activity supported, i.e. R&D or RSA.
Item 6. Capital expenditures – the annual gross amount paid for the acquisition of fixed assets that are used repeatedly or continuously in the performance of scientific activities for more than one year. They should be reported in full for the period when they took place, whether acquired or developed in house, and should not be registered as an element of depreciation.
The most relevant types of assets used for capital expenditures are:
Related scientific activities (RSA) are all systematic activities which are closely concerned with the generation, advancement, dissemination and application of scientific and technological knowledge. The types of related scientific activities for the social sciences, humanities and the arts are described below.
General purpose data collection – the routine gathering, processing, collating and analyzing and publication of information on human phenomena using survey, regular and special investigations and compilations of existing records. It excludes data collected primarily for internal administrative purpose (e.g. departmental personnel statistics) as well as the collection of data as part of an R&D project.
Data collected as part of an existing or proposed research project are charged to research. Similarly, the costs of analyzing existing data as part of a research project are R&D costs, even when the data were originally collected for some other purpose. The institution involved are generally the statistical bureaus of Canadian governments and the statistical sections of departments and agencies. If there are units whose principal activity is R&D, their costs and personnel should be assigned to R&D; specialized libraries with separate budgets should be assigned to information services.
Information services – all work directed to collecting, coding, analyzing, evaluating, recording, classifying, translating and disseminating scientific and technological information as well as museum services. Included are the operations of scientific and technical libraries, S&T consulting and advisory services, the Patent Office, the publication of scientific journals and monographs, and the organizing of scientific conferences. Grants for the publication of scholarly works are also included.
General purpose information services or information services directed primarily towards the general public are excluded, as are general departmental and public libraries. When individual budgets exist, the costs of libraries which belong to institutions otherwise entirely classified to another activity, such as R&D, should be assigned to information services. The costs of printing and distributing reports from another activity, such as R&D, are normally attributed to that activity.
Sub category under information services:
Museum services – the collecting, cataloguing and displaying of specimens and representations relating to human history, social organization and creations. The activity involves a systematic attempt to preserve and display the works of human beings and to provide information on their works, history, and nature. The scientific activities of historical museums, archeological displays, and art galleries are included. In all cases the costs of providing entertainment and recreation to visitors should be excluded (e.g. restaurants, children's gardens and museums).
When a museum also covers aspects of natural history, the museum's operations should be divided between the social and natural sciences. However, museums of science and technology, war, etc., which display synthetic or artificial objects and may also illustrate the operations of certain technologies, should be considered as engaged in museum services in social sciences.
Special services and studies – systematic investigations carried out in order to provide information needed for planning or policy formulation. Demonstration projects are also included.
The work is usually carried out by specialized units in some government departments, by consultants, by royal commissions, and by task forces. The activity is similar to R&D since it may require innovative analyses and a high degree of scientific ability. However, such studies are not intended to acquire new knowledge but to provide specific answers to specific problems (generally immediate, localized and perhaps temporary). The day-to-day operations of units concerned with departmental planning, organization or management are not normally included (i.e. administrative records kept by departments of education) but special projects may be relevant.
Sub categories under Special services and studies include:
Economic and feasibility studies – the investigation of the socio-economic characteristics and implications of specific situations (e.g. a study of the variability of a petrochemical complex in a certain region). Note that feasibility studies on research projects are part of R&D.
Operations and policy-related studies – covers a range of activities, such as the analysis and assessment of the existing programs, policies and operations of government departments and other institutions; the work of units concerned with the continuing analysis and monitoring of external phenomena (e.g. defence and security analysis); and the work of legislative commissions of inquiry concerned with general government or departmental policy or operations.
Any activity aimed at providing close support to policy actions, as well as to legislative activity, should be included as a related scientific activity (RSA). This includes policy advice and relations with the media, legal advice, public relations or even technical support for the administrative activity (e.g. accounting).
Research activities aimed at providing the decision makers with a thorough knowledge of social, economic or natural phenomena have to be included in R&D. These R&D activities are usually performed by skilled personnel - researchers - in small teams of experts and consultants and meet the standard academic criteria for scientific work (in addition to the R&D criteria).
Education support – grants to individuals or institutions on behalf of individuals which are intended to support the post-secondary education of students in technology and the social sciences. General purpose grants to educational institutions are excluded. The activity includes the support of foreign students in their studies of the social sciences at Canadian or foreign institutions. Grants intended primarily to support the research of individuals at universities are either R&D grants or research fellowships.
Education support – grants to individuals or institutions on behalf of individuals which are intended to support the post-secondary education of students in technology and the natural sciences. General operating or capital grants are excluded. The activity includes the support of foreign students in their studies of the natural sciences at Canadian or foreign institutions. Grants intended primarily to support the research of individuals at universities are either R&D grants or research fellowships.
Awards intended primarily to support the education of the recipients should be reported as "education support".
Item 7. In-house RSA – RSA performed by personnel of the reporting program. It may include RSA carried out on behalf of another program or federal government department.
In-house RSA activities include all current expenditures incurred for scientific activities carried out by in-house personnel of units assigned to the program; the purchase of goods and services to support in-house scientific activities (include royalties or licences for the use of patents and other intellectual property rights, and the rental of buildings to support scientific activities performed by the statistical unit in the reference year). Also include expenses of persons who provide ancillary services such as security, cleaning and maintenance work, finance and administration that are proportional to the RSA being conducted. However, the personnel providing these services are not to be included in the in-house personnel counts (see Section 2. Personnel).
The intramural expenditures reported to RSA are those direct costs, including salaries, associated with scientific programs. The cost should include that portion of a program's contribution to employee benefit plans (e.g., superannuation and compensation) which is applicable to the scientific personnel within the program. Also include the costs of self-employed individuals, consultants and researchers who are working on-site on the departments' RSA projects.
Item 8. RSA contracts – contracts to an outside institution or individual to fund RSA performed by the institution or individual. The criterion is: would the performer report the RSA contract as in-house (intramural) RSA that is government-funded? If the answer is yes the activity would be an RSA contract. If no, and the funding is for the purchase goods and services to support the in-house RSA of the federal government department, it should be reported as In-house RSA (Item 7).
Contracts to other federal government departments should be reported as a transfer of funds in question 3A (i) and 3A (ii) of the questionnaire.
Item 9. RSA grants and contributions – awards to organizations or individuals for the conduct of RSA and intended to benefit the recipients rather than provide the program with goods, services or information. These funds are normally identical to that portion of the budgetary "grants and contributions" line object of expenditure which is devoted to RSA.
Item 10. Administration of extramural programs – the costs of identifiable units engaged in the administration of contracts and grants and contributions for scientific activities that are to be performed outside the federal government. These expenditures should be broken down by the type of scientific activity supported, i.e. R&D or RSA.
Item 11. Capital expenditures – the annual gross amount paid for the acquisition of fixed assets that are used repeatedly or continuously in the performance of scientific activities for more than one year. They should be reported in full for the period when they took place, whether acquired or developed in house, and should not be registered as an element of depreciation.
The most relevant types of assets used for capital expenditures are:
Personnel data are collected for intramural scientific activities only. A head count of personnel working on intramural scientific activities is not requested, rather the amount of time a worker dedicates to scientific and technological activities during a specific reference period as a percentage of the total number of hours conventionally worked in the same period. This is noted as full-time equivalent research and development personnel or full-time equivalent related scientific activity personnel. For example, an employee who is engaged in scientific activities for half a year has a full-time equivalence of 0.5. Personnel data reported should be consistent with expenditure data.
Most intramural scientific activities are performed primarily by persons employed by the department or agency. Extramural personnel contributing directly to the intramural scientific activities of the department or agency that are located on site should also be included in the personnel counts.
Not all of the personnel contributing to or facilitating the performance of scientific activities are to be included in the personnel totals. Individuals undertaking indirect support or ancillary activities are excluded. For example specific services to R&D or RSA provided by central computer department and libraries; services by central finance and human resources departments dealing with R&D or RSA projects; provision of services for security, cleaning, maintenance, canteens, etc. to R&D or RSA performing units. These services are not included in the intramural scientific activities personnel totals, however their related costs should be included with in-house expenditures.
Scientific and professional – researchers and professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge. They conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models, techniques instrumentation, software or operational methods. They require at least one academic degree or nationally recognized professional qualification, as well as those with equivalent experience.
Technical – technicians and equivalent staff are persons whose main tasks require technical knowledge and experience in one or more fields of engineering, the physical and life sciences, or the social sciences, humanities and the arts. They perform scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts and operational methods and the use of research equipment, normally under the supervision of researchers.
Other – other supporting staff include skilled and unskilled craftsmen, and administrative, secretarial and clerical staff participating in science and technology projects or directly associated with such projects.
Include payments or recipients for contracts, transfers and joint programs from/to other federal government departments. Please identify the amount and names of the origination and recipient programs.
This question identifies the sources of funds for expenditures on scientific activities reported for all three years. It will help to ensure that work funded from outside the department is not overlooked.
Departmental S&T budget – that portion of the total departmental budget which was spent on natural science and engineering activities.
Revenues to / from other federal departments – money transferred from this program to another federal department or money transferred into this program from another federal department for activities in the natural sciences and engineering.
Provincial government departments – all funds from the provincial government used for natural science and engineering activities. The funds are referred to as payments, contributions, transfers, etc. Also include provincial portions of federal-provincial cost sharing programs performed by the department program.
Business enterprises – all funds from business enterprises used for natural science and engineering activities performed by the department.
Other – all funds for natural sciences and engineering activities from other sources not specified above.
Socio-economic objectives allow departments to classify their S&T resource allocations according to the purpose for which the expenditure is intended. The objectives are listed in the questionnaire at the highest level of aggregation with sub-levels given here for clarification of categories. In many cases, projects have multiple objectives and a department should assign its expenditures consistent with the stated objectives of the department. Care must be taken to avoid "double counting".
The objectives are based on the European Union classification adopted by Eurostat for the Nomenclature for the Analysis and Comparison of Scientific Programmes and Budgets (NABS) at the one-dig level. Note that as of the 2019/2020 survey cycle, some of the socio-economic objectives have been updated to comply with the most recent version of NABS.
Since 1978, Statistics Canada has been collecting detailed expenditure and person year data on intramural scientific activities of federal government departments and agencies by region. These data, coupled with data from other surveys, have been used by policy planners in federal and provincial governments, research managers and the media to assess the provincial distribution of science activities in Canada.
Again this year, we are asking for the information at the regional level. We are also asking for information in both natural science and engineering establishments as well as those performing activities in the social sciences, humanities and the arts, as international gross domestic expenditures on research and development (GERD) statistics include activities in both science fields.
The Canada total expenditures and personnel reported for the actual year must be consistent with data reported on intramural expenditures in question 1A, and total personnel in question 2A.
I hereby authorize Statistics Canada to disclose any or all portions of the data supplied on this questionnaire that could identify this department after the tabling of the forecast year Main Estimates.
This survey collects financial and operating data on expenditures and full-time equivalent personnel on the scientific activities of Federal Government Public Administration in Canada.
The data collected are used by federal and provincial science policy analysts, and are also part of the gross domestic expenditures on research and development (GERD). Your information may also be used by Statistics Canada for other statistical and research purposes.
Collected under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19.
Completion of this questionnaire is a legal requirement under this Act.
Statistics Canada is prohibited by law from releasing any information it collects which could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Statistics Canada will use the information from this survey for statistical purposes.
To reduce respondent burden, Statistics Canada has entered into data-sharing agreements with provincial and territorial statistical agencies and other government organizations, which have agreed to keep the data confidential and use them only for statistical purposes. Statistics Canada will only share data from this survey with those organizations that have demonstrated a requirement to use the data.
Section 11 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with provincial and territorial statistical agencies that meet certain conditions. These agencies must have the legislative authority to collect the same information, on a mandatory basis, and the legislation must provide substantially the same provisions for confidentiality and penalties for disclosure of confidential information as the Statistics Act. Because these agencies have the legal authority to compel businesses to provide the same information, consent is not requested and businesses may not object to the sharing of the data.
For this survey, there are Section 11 agreements with the provincial and territorial statistical agencies of Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, and the Yukon.
The shared data will be limited to information pertaining to federal departments and agencies located within the jurisdiction of the respective province or territory.
Section 12 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with federal, provincial or territorial government organizations. Under Section 12, you may refuse to share your information with any of these organizations by writing a letter of objection to the Chief Statistician and returning it with the completed questionnaire. Please specify the organizations with which you do not want to share your data.
For this survey, there are Section 12 agreements with the statistical agencies of Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut and Industry Canada.
The shared data will be limited to information pertaining to federal departments and agencies located within the jurisdiction of the respective province or territory.
To enhance the data from this survey and to minimize the reporting burden, Statistics Canada may combine it with information from other surveys or from administrative sources.
Statistics Canada advises you that there could be a risk of disclosure during the transmission of information by facsimile or e-mail. However, upon receipt, Statistics Canada will provide the guaranteed level of protection afforded all information collected under the authority of the Statistics Act.
Please forward the completed questionnaire and listing of extramural performers through the Electronic File Transfer service (EFT).
For further inquiries:
Phone Number: toll free at 1-888-659-8229
Fax number: toll free at 1-800-755-5514
Email: statcan.fsepsurv-enqdmsf.statcan@statcan.gc.ca
Your participation is greatly appreciated and will contribute to providing useful information on federal S&T expenditures. You will be able to access the results through "The Daily" and Tables 27-10-0005-01 to 27-10-0014-01 and Tables 27-10-0026-01 to 27-10-0029-01 on Statistics Canada's web site. The data will also be available on Science.gc.ca.
Thank you for your co-operation.
This introduction is intended to provide an overview of the process of collecting science expenditure data; definitions of and explanatory notes on natural sciences and engineering, social sciences, humanities and the arts, scientific and technological activities, performance sectors, and other terms used are given in subsequent sections.
The collection of science expenditure data is organized by the Investment, Science and Technology Division (ISTD) of Statistics Canada. This exercise was formerly conducted under the aegis of the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat but is now solely a Statistics Canada survey.
Collection is undertaken to gather essential data describing the recent, current and proposed state of the federal resources allocated to science. Federal science expenditures data are provided to Industry Canada who in turn use the data in the development of advice to the Assistant Deputy Ministers' Steering Committee on the Management of S&T, their Minister and the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, as well as in policy development and in monitoring the implementation of science policies. Statistics Canada maintains historical expenditure series in natural sciences and engineering dating back to 1963 and to 1971 in the social sciences, humanities and the arts. These data are available through the Investment, Science and Technology Division (ISTD) or through special requests.
The basic reporting unit is the budgetary program of a department or agency. Each budgetary program forms the subject of separate scientific expenditure reports for the natural and for the social science activities within it. Both the program and the program activities within it may be scientific in whole or in part only. Only expenditures on the scientific components of a program or its activity are reported. In some programs it will be difficult to distinguish between the natural and social sciences. However, some allocation must be made and in determining this allocation, the dominant orientation of the projects and the area of expertise of the personnel involved must be considered. Detailed definitions are given on the following pages.
On the questionnaires, the identified expenditures are looked at from several different viewpoints and in various subdivisions. Expenditures on research and development (R&D) and related scientific activities (RSA) are subdivided to provide an indication of the "what" of a department's scientific effort. Expenditures in each category of scientific activity are further subdivided into "current" and "capital" segments. Current expenditures are additionally subdivided by sector, to indicate the "where" and "by whom" the activity is performed (e.g., in business enterprise, in higher education).
The human resources allocated to scientific activities are summarized in terms of the involved categories of personnel (scientific and professional, technical, etc.) and the principal focus of their efforts (R&D, RSA and, administration of extramural programs).
When completed, checked for consistency with previous reports, entered into the database and totaled along the various dimensions, these data provide snapshots of the federal resources allocated to science, supporting not only the work of central agencies but also the submissions of departments and agencies requesting resources.
This survey collects financial and operating data on expenditures and full-time equivalent personnel on the scientific activities of Federal Government Public Administration in Canada.
The natural sciences and engineering consist of disciplines concerned with understanding, exploring, developing or utilizing the natural world. Included are the engineering and technology, mathematical, computer and information sciences, physical sciences, medical and health sciences, and agricultural sciences, veterinary sciences and forestry.
Scientific and technological (S&T) activities can be defined as all systematic activities which are closely concerned with the generation, advancement, dissemination and application of scientific and technology knowledge in all fields of science and technology, that is the natural sciences and engineering, and the social sciences, humanities and the arts.
The central activity is scientific research and experimental development (R&D). In addition there are a number of activities closely related to R&D, and are termed related scientific activities (RSA). Those identified as being appropriate for the federal government in the natural sciences are: scientific data collection, information services, special services and studies and education support.
The performer is equivalent to the sector in which the scientific activity is conducted. The basic distinction is between intramural and extramural performance. Extramural payments are classified on the basis of the performance sectors to which they are made. The appropriate extramural performers are business enterprise, higher education, Canadian non-profit institutions, provincial and municipal government, and foreign performers.
lntramural activities include all current expenditures incurred for scientific activities carried out by in-house personnel of units assigned to the program; the related gross fixed capital expenditures (acquisition of land, buildings, machinery and equipment for scientific activities); the administration of scientific activities by program employees; and, the purchase of goods and services to support in-house scientific activities (include royalties or licences for the use of patents and other intellectual property rights, the lease of capital goods (machinery and equipment, etc.) and the rental of buildings to support scientific activities performed by the statistical unit in the reference year).
The intramural expenditures reported for scientific activities are those direct costs, including salaries, associated with scientific programs. The costs should include that portion of a program's contribution to employee benefit plans (e.g., superannuation and compensation) which is applicable to the scientific personnel within the program. The summation of intramural R&D activity is synonymous with the performance of R&D for the entire economy (GERD).
Extramural performers are groups being funded by the federal government sector for S&T activities. In this survey the extramural performers include:
Business enterprise – business and government enterprises including public utilities and government-owned firms. Both financial and non-financial corporations are included. Incorporated consultants or unincorporated individuals providing scientific and engineering services are also included. Industrial research institutes located at Canadian universities are considered to be in the higher education sector.
Higher education – comprises all universities, colleges of technology and other institutes of post-secondary education, whatever their source of finance or legal status. It also includes teaching hospitals (non-teaching hospitals are in the Canadian non-profit sector) all research institutes, centers, experimental stations and clinics that have their scientific activities under the direct control of, or administered by, or associated with, the higher education establishments.
Canadian non-profit institutions – charitable foundations, voluntary health organizations, scientific and professional societies, non-teaching hospitals (teaching hospitals are in the higher education sector) and other organizations not established to earn profits. Non-profit institutions primarily serving or controlled by another sector should be included in the controlling sector.
Provincial and municipal governments – departments and agencies of these governments as well as provincial research organizations. Government enterprises, such as provincial utilities are included in the business enterprise sector, and non-teaching hospitals in the Canadian non-profit institutions sector.
Foreign performers – all foreign government agencies, foreign companies (including foreign subsidiaries of Canadian firms), international organizations, non-resident foreign nationals and Canadians studying or teaching abroad.
Research and experimental development (R&D) – comprise creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge - including knowledge of humankind, culture and society - and to devise new applications of available knowledge.
R&D activities may be aimed at achieving either specific or general objectives. R&D is always aimed at new findings, based on original concepts (and their interpretation) or hypotheses. It is largely uncertain about its final outcome (or at least about the quantity of time and resources needed to achieve it), it is planned for and budgeted (even when carried out by individuals), and it is aimed at producing results that could be either freely transferred or traded in a marketplace.
For an activity to be an R&D activity, it must satisfy five core criteria:
Examples of R&D:
R&D is generally carried out by specialized R&D units. However, an R&D project may also involve the use of non R&D facilities (e.g., testing grounds), the purchase or construction of specialized equipment and materials, and the assistance of other units. Costs of such items, attributable to the project, are to be considered R&D costs.
R&D may also be carried out by units normally engaged in other functions (e.g. a marine survey ship used for hydrological research, a geological survey team may be directed to work in a certain area in order to provide data for a geophysical research project). Such effort is part of an R&D project and, again, so far as is practical, the costs should be assigned to R&D expenditures.
On the other hand, R&D units may also be engaged in non R&D activities such as technical advisory services, testing, and construction of special equipment for other units. So far as is practical, the effort devoted to such operations should be included in the related scientific activities (RSA).
Item 1. In-house R&D – R&D performed by personnel of the reporting program. It may include R&D carried out on behalf of another program or federal government department.
In-house R&D activities include all current expenditures incurred for scientific activities carried out by in-house personnel of units assigned to the program, the purchase of goods and services to support in-house scientific activities (include royalties or licences for the use of patents and other intellectual property rights, and the rental of buildings to support scientific activities performed by the statistical unit in the reference year). Also include expenses of persons who provide ancillary services such as security, cleaning and maintenance work, finance and administration that are related and proportional to the R&D being conducted. However, the personnel providing these services are not to be included in the in-house personnel counts (see Section 2. Personnel).
Include the costs of self-employed individuals, consultants and researchers not employed by the statistical unit's R&D activities, who are working on-site on the departments' R&D projects.
The intramural expenditures reported to R&D are those direct costs, including salaries, associated with scientific programs. The cost should include that portion of a program's contribution to employee benefit plans (e.g., superannuation and compensation) which is applicable to the scientific personnel within the program.
Item 2. R&D contracts – R&D contracts to an outside institution or individual to fund R&D performed by the institution or individual. The criterion is: would the performer report the R&D contract as in-house (intramural) R&D that is government-funded? If the answer is yes the activity would be an R&D contract. If no, and the funding is to provide goods and services necessary to support the in-house R&D of the federal government it should be reported as In-house R&D (Item 1).
Contracts to other federal government departments should be reported as a transfer of funds in question 3A (i) and 3A (ii) of the questionnaire.
Item 3. R&D grants and contributions – awards to organizations or individuals for the conduct of R&D and intended to benefit the recipients rather than provide the program with goods, services or information. These funds are normally identical to that portion of the budgetary "grants and contributions" line object of expenditure which is devoted to R&D activities.
Item 4. Research fellowships – awards to individuals for advanced research training and experience. Awards intended primarily to support the education of the recipients should be reported as "education support".
Item 5. Administration of extramural programs – the costs of identifiable units engaged in the administration of contracts and grants and contributions for scientific activities that are to be performed outside the federal government. These expenditures should be broken down by the type of scientific activity supported, i.e. R&D or RSA.
Item 6. Capital expenditures – the annual gross amount paid for the acquisition of fixed assets that are used repeatedly or continuously in the performance of scientific activities for more than one year. They should be reported in full for the period when they took place, whether acquired or developed in house, and should not be registered as an element of depreciation.
The most relevant types of assets used for capital expenditures are:
Related scientific activities (RSA) are all systematic activities which are closely concerned with the generation, advancement, dissemination and application of scientific and technological knowledge. The types of related scientific activities for the natural sciences and engineering are described below.
Scientific data collection – the gathering, processing, collating and analyzing of data on natural phenomena. These data are normally the results of surveys, routine laboratory analyses or compilations of operating records.
Information services – all work directed to collecting, coding, analyzing, evaluating, recording, classifying, translating and disseminating scientific and technological information as well as museum services. Included are the operations of scientific and technical libraries, S&T consulting and advisory services, the Patent Office, the publication of scientific journals and monographs, and the organizing of scientific conferences. Grants for the publication of scholarly works are also included.
General purpose information services or information services directed primarily towards the general public are excluded, as are general departmental and public libraries. When individual budgets exist, the costs of libraries which belong to institutions otherwise entirely classified to another activity, such as R&D, should be assigned to information services. The costs of printing and distributing reports from another activity, such as R&D, are normally attributed to that activity.
Sub category under Information services:
Museum services – the collecting, cataloguing and displaying of specimens of the natural world or of representations of natural phenomena. The activity involves a systematic attempt to preserve and display items from the natural world; in some ways it could be considered an extension of information services. The scientific activities of natural history museums, zoological and botanical gardens, aquaria, planetaria and nature reserves are included. Parks which are not primarily restricted reserves for certain fauna or flora are excluded. In all cases the costs of providing entertainment and recreation to visitors should be excluded (e.g. restaurants, children's gardens and museums).
When a museum also covers not only natural history but also aspects of human cultural activities, the museum's resources should be appropriated between the natural and social sciences. However, museums of science and technology, war, etc., which display synthetic or artificial objects and may also illustrate the operations of certain technologies, should be considered as engaged in museum services in social sciences.
Special services and studies – work directed towards the establishment of national and provincial standards for materials, devices, products and processes; the calibration of secondary standards; non-routine quality testing; feasibility studies and demonstration projects.
Sub categories under Special services and studies include:
Testing and standardization – concerns the maintenance of national standards, the calibration of secondary standards and the non-routine testing and analysis of materials, components, products, processes, soils, atmosphere, etc. These activities are related scientific activities (RSA). The development of new measures for standards, or of new methods of measuring or testing, is R&D. Exclude routine testing such as monitoring radioactivity levels or soil tests before construction.
Feasibility studies – technical investigations of proposed engineering projects to provide additional information required to reach decisions on implementation. Besides feasibility studies, the related activity of demonstration projects are to be included. Demonstration projects involve the operation of scaled-up versions of a facility or process, or data on factors such as costs, operational characteristics, market demand and public acceptance. Projects called "demonstration projects" but which conform to the definition of R&D should be considered R&D. Once a facility or process is operated primarily to provide a service or to gain revenue, rather than as a demonstration, it should no longer be included with feasibility studies. In all demonstration projects, only the net costs should be considered.
Education support – grants to individuals or institutions on behalf of individuals which are intended to support the post-secondary education of students in technology and the natural sciences. General operating or capital grants are excluded. The activity includes the support of foreign students in their studies of the natural sciences at Canadian or foreign institutions. Grants intended primarily to support the research of individuals at universities are either R&D grants or research fellowships.
Awards intended primarily to support the education of the recipients should be reported as "education support".
Item 7. In-house RSA – RSA performed by personnel of the reporting program. It may include RSA carried out on behalf of another program or federal government department.
In-house RSA activities include all current expenditures incurred for scientific activities carried out by in-house personnel of units assigned to the program; the purchase of goods and services to support in-house scientific activities (include royalties or licences for the use of patents and other intellectual property rights, and the rental of buildings to support scientific activities performed by the statistical unit in the reference year). Also include expenses of persons who provide ancillary services such as security, cleaning and maintenance work, finance and administration that are proportional to the RSA being conducted. However, the personnel providing these services are not to be included in the in-house personnel counts (see Section 2. Personnel).
The intramural expenditures reported to RSA are those direct costs, including salaries, associated with scientific programs. The cost should include that portion of a program's contribution to employee benefit plans (e.g., superannuation and compensation) which is applicable to the scientific personnel within the program. Also include the costs of self-employed individuals, consultants and researchers who are working on-site on the departments' RSA projects.
Item 8. RSA contracts – contracts to an outside institution or individual to fund RSA performed by the institution or individual. The criterion is: would the performer report the RSA contract as in-house (intramural) RSA that is government-funded? If the answer is yes the activity would be an RSA contract. If no, and the funding is for the purchase goods and services to support the in-house RSA of the federal government department, it should be reported as In-house RSA (Item 7).
Contracts to other federal government departments should be reported as a transfer of funds in question 3A (i) and 3A (ii) of the questionnaire.
Item 9. RSA grants and contributions – awards to organizations or individuals for the conduct of RSA and intended to benefit the recipients rather than provide the program with goods, services or information. These funds are normally identical to that portion of the budgetary "grants and contributions" line object of expenditure which is devoted to RSA.
Item 10. Administration of extramural programs – the costs of identifiable units engaged in the administration of contracts and grants and contributions for scientific activities that are to be performed outside the federal government. These expenditures should be broken down by the type of scientific activity supported, i.e. R&D or RSA.
Item 11. Capital expenditures – the annual gross amount paid for the acquisition of fixed assets that are used repeatedly or continuously in the performance of scientific activities for more than one year. They should be reported in full for the period when they took place, whether acquired or developed in house, and should not be registered as an element of depreciation.
The most relevant types of assets used for capital expenditures are:
Personnel data are collected for intramural scientific activities only. A head count of personnel working on intramural scientific activities is not requested, rather the amount of time a worker dedicates to scientific and technological activities during a specific reference period as a percentage of the total number of hours conventionally worked in the same period. This is noted as full-time equivalent research and development personnel or full-time equivalent related scientific activity personnel. For example, an employee who is engaged in scientific activities for half a year has a full-time equivalence of 0.5. Personnel data reported should be consistent with expenditure data.
Most intramural scientific activities are performed primarily by persons employed by the department or agency. Extramural personnel contributing directly to the intramural scientific activities of the department or agency that are located on site should also be included in the personnel counts.
Not all of the personnel contributing to or facilitating the performance of scientific activities are to be included in the personnel totals. Individuals undertaking indirect support or ancillary activities are excluded. For example specific services to R&D or RSA provided by central computer department and libraries; services by central finance and human resources departments dealing with R&D or RSA projects; provision of services for security, cleaning, maintenance, canteens, etc. to R&D or RSA performing units. These services are not included in the intramural scientific activities personnel totals, however their related costs should be included with in-house expenditures.
Scientific and professional – researchers and professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge. They conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models, techniques instrumentation, software or operational methods. They require at least one academic degree or nationally recognized professional qualification, as well as those with equivalent experience.
Technical – technicians and equivalent staff are persons whose main tasks require technical knowledge and experience in one or more fields of engineering, the physical and life sciences, or the social sciences, humanities and the arts. They perform scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts and operational methods and the use of research equipment, normally under the supervision of researchers.
Other – other supporting staff include skilled and unskilled craftsmen, and administrative, secretarial and clerical staff participating in science and technology projects or directly associated with such projects.
Include payments or recipients for contracts, transfers and joint programs from/to other federal government departments. Please identify the amount and names of the origination and recipient programs.
This question identifies the sources of funds for expenditures on scientific activities reported for all three years. It will help to ensure that work funded from outside the department is not overlooked.
Departmental S&T budget – that portion of the total departmental budget which was spent on natural science and engineering activities.
Revenues to / from other federal departments – money transferred from this program to another federal department or money transferred into this program from another federal department for activities in the natural sciences and engineering.
Provincial government departments – all funds from the provincial government used for natural science and engineering activities. The funds are referred to as payments, contributions, transfers, etc. Also include provincial portions of federal-provincial cost sharing programs performed by the department program.
Business enterprises – all funds from business enterprises used for natural science and engineering activities performed by the department.
Other – all funds for natural sciences and engineering activities from other sources not specified above.
Socio-economic objectives allow departments to classify their S&T resource allocations according to the purpose for which the expenditure is intended. The objectives are listed in the questionnaire at the highest level of aggregation with sub-levels given here for clarification of categories. In many cases, projects have multiple objectives and a department should assign its expenditures consistent with the stated objectives of the department. Care must be taken to avoid "double counting".
The objectives are based on the European Union classification adopted by Eurostat for the Nomenclature for the Analysis and Comparison of Scientific Programmes and Budgets (NABS) at the one-dig level. Note that as of the 2019/2020 survey cycle, some of the socio-economic objectives have been updated to comply with the most recent version of NABS.
Since 1978, Statistics Canada has been collecting detailed expenditure and person year data on intramural scientific activities of federal government departments and agencies by region. These data, coupled with data from other surveys, have been used by policy planners in federal and provincial governments, research managers and the media to assess the provincial distribution of science activities in Canada.
Again this year, we are asking for the information at the regional level. We are also asking for information in both natural science and engineering establishments as well as those performing activities in the social sciences, humanities and the arts, as international gross domestic expenditures on research and development (GERD) statistics include activities in both science fields.
The Canada total expenditures and personnel reported for the actual year must be consistent with data reported on intramural expenditures in question 1A, and total personnel in question 2A.
| Characteristics | Data source | |
|---|---|---|
| Response or edited | Imputed | |
| % | ||
| Sales of goods manufactured | 88.2 | 11.8 |
| Raw materials and components | 80.8 | 19.2 |
| Goods / work in process | 83.5 | 16.5 |
| Finished goods manufactured | 80.0 | 20.0 |
| Unfilled Orders | 87.9 | 12.1 |
| Capacity utilization rates | 72.9 | 27.1 |
| Month | Sales of goods manufactured | Raw materials and components inventories | Goods/work in process inventories | Finished goods manufactured inventories | Unfilled Orders |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | |||||
| January 2019 | 0.60 | 0.94 | 1.21 | 1.29 | 1.26 |
| February 2019 | 0.62 | 0.93 | 1.22 | 1.26 | 1.13 |
| March 2019 | 0.59 | 0.94 | 1.22 | 1.32 | 1.11 |
| April 2019 | 0.60 | 0.96 | 1.20 | 1.33 | 1.16 |
| May 2019 | 0.61 | 0.94 | 1.20 | 1.34 | 1.09 |
| June 2019 | 0.58 | 0.94 | 1.18 | 1.38 | 1.15 |
| July 2019 | 0.64 | 0.92 | 1.12 | 1.33 | 1.12 |
| August 2019 | 0.61 | 0.92 | 1.18 | 1.34 | 1.11 |
| September 2019 | 0.60 | 0.92 | 1.16 | 1.38 | 1.07 |
| October 2019 | 0.60 | 0.93 | 1.18 | 1.39 | 1.14 |
| November 2019 | 0.59 | 0.96 | 1.20 | 1.37 | 1.15 |
| December 2019 | 0.57 | 0.99 | 1.28 | 1.38 | 1.08 |
| January 2020 | 0.64 | 1.02 | 1.38 | 1.37 | 1.09 |
The Business Register is a repository of information reflecting the Canadian business population and exists primarily to supply frames for all economic surveys in Statistics Canada. It provides a means of coordinating the coverage of business surveys and of achieving consistent classification of statistical reporting units.
Included in Business Register data are all Canadian businesses which meet at least one of the three following criteria:
Location counts with employees by province/Canada, NAICS and employment size ranges.
Location counts without employees by province/Canada and NAICS.
Employment Size Range
Revenue Ranges
Profit/Non-Profit Data (December only)
Business Type and Public/Private Data (December only)
The Business Register is largely based on the Business Number (BN) registration source as collected by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA).
Time Series
Changes to the Business Register's methodology or to business industrial classification strategies can cause increases or decreases in the number of active businesses. As a result, the data do not represent changes in the business population over time. Statistics Canada recommends that users not use the data as a time series.
Creations
Generally, a location creation on the Business Register occurs shortly after a BN is created for each business registrant by CRA. The BN registrations are used to update the Business Register database weekly. Sometimes, the business is contacted to obtain the necessary information for the creation of a location record.
Inactivation
Businesses are assigned an inactive status on the Business Register when neither a tax payment nor payroll remittance has been made by these businesses for some time.
Geography
The Business Register adopted the Standard Geographical Classification, 2016 version. The link between a business and its geographical code is made using the postal code. Since the postal code is designed by Canada Post and targets the efficient delivery of the mail, there are many situations where one postal code doesn't align exactly to the boundaries of a single SGC geographic unit. The smaller and rural geographic units are more subject to this possibility.
North American Industrial Classification System
For newly created businesses, the primary industrial coding is initially processed using automated coding software. This software evaluates the activity description indicated by the business and assigns the appropriate industry classification coding (about 50% of new business records). Activity descriptions lacking precision are subjected to a manual coding process.
Statistical Enterprise
An enterprise is the legal operating entity at the top of the operating structure. There is only one enterprise per operating structure. It's associated with a complete set of financial statements.
Statistical Establishment
A statistical establishment is the production entity or the smallest grouping of production entities which:
Statistical Location
The location is an operating entity, specifically a production entity which:
Source
Employment is based on both corporations' payroll remittance and profiling/survey data. These data are at first edited and imputed before being used as input for other processes.
For simple units, attached to only one legal entity, the employment is derived from payroll deductions using the 2nd maximum input within the last 12 months of data. For the complex units, aggregated employment, obtained from profiling, is first determined at the enterprise level. This value is afterward distributed at the establishment and location levels based on the profiled employment distribution from the Business Register.
Employment Size Ranges
The following are the employment size ranges available in the Business Register:
Locations without employees include the self-employed, i.e., those who don't maintain an employee payroll, but may have a workforce which consists of contracted workers, family members or business owners. These also include employers who didn't have employees in the last 12 months.
This data should not be used in any manner to compile industry employment estimates.
The Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) is Statistics Canada's official classification for the geographical areas in Canada. It was developed to facilitate the analysis of statistical data using a uniform geographical area definition. It produces a range of geographical areas that are useful for analysis, convenient for data collection and compilation on this basis. It is intended primarily for the classification of statistical units such as locations.
Each of the three sets of areas covers all of Canada. They are hierarchical: a census subdivision aggregates to a census division, which in turn aggregates to a province or territory.
(1) Province and Territory
"Province" and "territory" refer to the major political units of Canada. From a statistical point of view, province and territory are basic areas for which data are tabulated. Canada is divided into 10 provinces and 3 territories.
(2) Census Division
Census division (CD) is the general term for provincially legislated areas (such as county and regional district) or their equivalents. Census divisions are intermediate geographic areas between the province/territory level and the municipality (census subdivision).
Usually they are groups of neighbouring municipalities joined together for the purposes of regional planning and managing common services (such as police or ambulance services). These groupings are established under laws in certain provinces of Canada.
(3) Census Subdivision
Census subdivision (CSD) is the general term for municipalities (as determined by provincial/territorial legislation) or areas treated as municipal equivalents for statistical purposes (e.g., Indian reserves, Indian settlements and unorganized territories).
Please take note, when using the CSD, of the volatility of the counts between the different reference periods. Units move from one CSD to another, not due to actual changes in physical location, but due to changes in linkages between a specific CSD and postal code.
A census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) is formed by one or more adjacent municipalities centred on a population centre (known as the core). A CMA must have a total population of at least 100,000 of which 50,000 or more must live in the core. A CA must have a core population of at least 10,000. To be included in the CMA or CA, other adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the core as measured by commuting flows derived from previous census place of work data.
If the population of the core of a CA declines below 10,000, the CA is retired. However, once an area becomes a CMA, it is retained as a CMA even if its total population declines below 100,000 or the population of its core falls below 50,000. All areas inside the CMA or CA, that aren't population centres, are rural areas.
Economic Region
An economic region (ER) is a grouping of complete census divisions (CDs) (with one exception in Ontario) created as a standard geographic unit for analysis of regional economic activity.
Census Tract
Area that is small and relatively stable. Census tracts usually have a population of 2,500 to 8,000. They are in large urban centres that must have an urban core population of 50,000 or more.
Federal Electoral District
Area represented by a Member of Parliament (MP) elected to the House of Commons.
Dissemination Area
Small area composed of one or more neighbouring blocks, with a population of 400 to 700 persons. All of Canada is divided into dissemination areas.
Forward Sortation Area
Area composed of the first three digits of the postal code which is a six-character code defined and maintained by Canada Post Corporation for the purpose of sorting and delivering mail.
Please note that codes have been created for residues. They consist of the province/territory code followed by zeroes. This residual category reflects statistical units in Canada where there is insufficient information to precisely locate the locations within a census division/census subdivision as determined by the 2016 Standard Geographical Classification.
The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an industry classification system developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. Created, it's designed to provide common definitions of the industrial structure of the 3 countries and a common statistical framework to facilitate the analysis of the 3 economies. NAICS is based on supply or production-oriented principles, to ensure that industrial data, classified to NAICS, are suitable for the analysis of production-related issues such as industrial performance.
NAICS is a system encompassing all economic activities. It has a hierarchical structure.
| NAICS Structure | |
|---|---|
| Sectors | 2 digits |
| Sub-sectors | 3 digits |
| Industry Groups | 4 digits |
| Industries | 5 digits |
| National Industries | 6 digits |
Please note that the 5-digit codes are not included in any Business Register tables.
These revenues are derived mostly from administrative files from C.R.A. (Canada Revenue Agency). They're based on both corporations' income tax revenues and GST sales remittances. These data are at first edited and imputed before being used as input for other processes. For simple units, attached to only one legal entity, the revenue is derived from a regression model using the GST sales as independent variable, the income tax revenue being the dependent variable. For the complex units, aggregated revenue is first determined at the enterprise level. This value is afterward distributed at the establishment and location levels based on the profiled revenue distribution from the Business Register.
Business Register Dissemination Unit
Data Integration Infrastructure Division
Statistics Canada
Jean Talon Building, 3rd Floor
Tunney's Pasture
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0T6
statcan.statisticalregisters-registresstatistiques.statcan@statcan.gc.ca
| Geography | Software publishers | Data processing, hosting, and related services | Computer systems design and related services |
|---|---|---|---|
| percent | |||
| Canada | 1.30 | 2.08 | 1.08 |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.84 |
| Prince Edward Island | 11.17 | 0.00 | 0.67 |
| Nova Scotia | 2.49 | 9.35 | 4.19 |
| New Brunswick | 7.14 | 4.53 | 1.71 |
| Quebec | 2.17 | 3.05 | 1.07 |
| Ontario | 1.95 | 2.97 | 1.98 |
| Manitoba | 1.70 | 1.05 | 0.87 |
| Saskatchewan | 0.43 | 4.52 | 1.39 |
| Alberta | 1.93 | 1.03 | 1.43 |
| British Columbia | 2.52 | 5.06 | 2.39 |
| Yukon | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Northwest Territories | … | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Nunavut | … | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| NAPCS-CANADA | Month | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 201909 | 201910 | 201911 | 201912 | |
| Total commodities, retail trade commissions and miscellaneous services | 0.62 | 0.61 | 0.55 | 0.52 |
| Retail Services (except commissions) [561] | 0.62 | 0.61 | 0.55 | 0.52 |
| Food at retail [56111] | 1.05 | 0.74 | 0.63 | 1.06 |
| Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages, at retail [56112] | 0.48 | 0.62 | 0.45 | 0.45 |
| Cannabis products, at retail [56113] | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.04 |
| Clothing at retail [56121] | 0.93 | 1.20 | 0.81 | 0.78 |
| Footwear at retail [56122] | 1.26 | 1.26 | 1.21 | 1.02 |
| Jewellery and watches, luggage and briefcases, at retail [56123] | 1.85 | 1.91 | 1.70 | 2.04 |
| Home furniture, furnishings, housewares, appliances and electronics, at retail [56131] | 0.62 | 0.77 | 0.74 | 0.64 |
| Sporting and leisure products (except publications, audio and video recordings, and game software), at retail [56141] | 2.56 | 2.35 | 1.72 | 1.55 |
| Publications at retail [56142] | 11.63 | 6.76 | 6.38 | 6.04 |
| Audio and video recordings, and game software, at retail [56143] | 1.45 | 4.64 | 3.00 | 4.54 |
| Motor vehicles at retail [56151] | 2.05 | 2.09 | 2.09 | 2.00 |
| Recreational vehicles at retail [56152] | 4.32 | 4.33 | 4.45 | 4.58 |
| Motor vehicle parts, accessories and supplies, at retail [56153] | 1.27 | 1.57 | 1.51 | 1.45 |
| Automotive and household fuels, at retail [56161] | 1.87 | 2.05 | 1.94 | 2.06 |
| Home health products at retail [56171] | 2.65 | 2.61 | 2.31 | 3.13 |
| Infant care, personal and beauty products, at retail [56172] | 3.18 | 3.36 | 3.28 | 2.37 |
| Hardware, tools, renovation and lawn and garden products, at retail [56181] | 1.77 | 1.36 | 1.22 | 1.82 |
| Miscellaneous products at retail [56191] | 2.24 | 2.40 | 2.28 | 2.38 |
| Total retail trade commissions and miscellaneous servicesFootnote 1 | 1.90 | 1.69 | 1.78 | 1.56 |
Footnotes
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Training is provided through webinars and online support is offered during business hours. A SAS online assistant will help clients to create SAS codes in an automated manner.
The Public Use Microdata File (PUMF) Collection is a subscription-based service that offers institutions access to Statistics Canada PUMFs. For a yearly fee, designated contacts at subscribing institutions have unlimited access to all microdata and documentation available in the PUMF Collection.
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To complement data access, the program provides administrative support. Members can contact staff for questions and technical support. The PUMF Collection program also keeps users updated about new surveys and data from Statistics Canada.
Before subscribing, please check the Public Use Microdata File Collection user community. If your institution is already a subscriber, please reach out to the listed contact person to gain access to the microdata.
The PUMF Program Subscription Form is available for reference and download. Please contact statcan.dad-pumf-dad-fmgd.statcan@statcan.gc.ca for information on how to submit the form and payment.
PUMFs containing anonymized, non-aggregated data are governed by the Statistics Canada Open Licence.
The entire PUMF Collection is available via an Electronic File Transfer (EFT) Web interface that is password protected and an Internet Protocol (IP) restricted online database.
Designated contacts at subscribing institutions will need to access the EFT Web Interface to access the password-protected EFT. The contact may then download microdata and documentation and share it with other individuals affiliated with their institution. Please contact your focal point, identified in the Public Use Microdata File Collection user community, to request an account to access the PUMF Collection.
To access the Rich Data Services (RDS) online database, data users from subscribing organizations can directly access RDS when at their organization or logged in to their institution using a VPN or proxy. Any data users attempting to access the RDS database who are not on a verified IP will receive an "Access forbidden! (Error 403)" message when accessing the site.
