How much does it cost to live in an apartment?

Like so many other young people, you were probably excited to celebrate officially becoming an adult and finally being free to go where you want, when you want.

As a young adult, you may dream of becoming independent enough to leave the family nest. But do you have all the tools to fly on your own? As you study in order to join a competitive work environment, you must also earn money to pay for your studies and achieve your goals. How much does all this cost?

Living in an apartment

Many young people will have to leave home to study in another city. If this applies to you, here’s what to expect. In Canada, in 2016, tenants paid on average $1,002 per month for an apartment, including rent, electricity, heat, water and other services. In Montréal, these costs were $842 per month on average.Footnote 1 Add to this Internet access and telephone charges—musts for students—and costs for insurance, transportation, tuition and school materials, not to mention food. In this last category, if you’re like most Canadian households whose main earner is under 30 years of age, expect to pay an average of $7,484 a year.Footnote 2 When you add all that up, there really isn’t much money left for leisure.

Living with others

If you’re lucky enough to get money from registered education savings plans or from loans and bursaries, you already have a head start. Otherwise, you probably have a part-time job or a summer job to support yourself. Still, if you have to—or want to—leave home, the logical choice is often to live with roommates to lower costs. In addition to saving money, you’ll reduce your ecological footprint and do your part to save the planet!

Living with your parents or going back to live with them

Did you have to borrow money for your studies? You may have accumulated an average debt of $14,900 at the end of college, $26,300 at the end of a bachelor’s degree or $41,100 at the end of a doctorate.Footnote 3

Since tuition and shelter costs rise faster than the inflation rate, living with your parents longer or returning to live with them for a while are becoming great options for reducing your expenses and saving money. This is what 63% of young adults 20 to 24 years of age did in 2016, up from 58% in 2001.Footnote 4

Knowing how to adapt

Whatever your situation, moving toward greater autonomy involves knowing how to adapt to events and the unexpected, being flexible, inventive and, above all, resourceful. Combining all these strengths will put you on the road to success!

Integrated Business Statistics Program (IBSP)

This guide contains definitions and descriptions of terminology used in the 2018 Field Crop Survey - November. If you need more information, please call the Statistics Canada Help Line at the number below.

Your answers are confidential.

Statistics Canada is prohibited by law from releasing any information it collects which could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent or as permitted by the Statistics Act.

Statistics Canada will use information from this survey for statistical purposes.

Help Line: 1-800-972-9692

Table of contents

Definitions

Legal Name

The legal name is one recognized by law, thus it is the name liable for pursuit or for debts incurred by the business or organization. In the case of a corporation, it is the legal name as fixed by its charter or the statute by which the corporation was created.

Modifications to the legal name should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

To indicate a legal name of another legal entity you should instead indicate it in question 3 by selecting 'Not currently operational' and then choosing the applicable reason and providing the legal name of this other entity along with any other requested information.

Operating Name

The operating name is a name the business or organization is commonly known as if different from its legal name. The operating name is synonymous with trade name.

Current main activity of the business or organization

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an industry classification system developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. Created against the background of the North American Free Trade Agreement, it is designed to provide common definitions of the industrial structure of the three countries and a common statistical framework to facilitate the analysis of the three economies. NAICS is based on supply-side or production-oriented principles, to ensure that industrial data, classified to NAICS, are suitable for the analysis of production-related issues such as industrial performance.

The target entity for which NAICS is designed are businesses and other organizations engaged in the production of goods and services. They include farms, incorporated and unincorporated businesses and government business enterprises. They also include government institutions and agencies engaged in the production of marketed and non-marketed services, as well as organizations such as professional associations and unions and charitable or non-profit organizations and the employees of households.

The associated NAICS should reflect those activities conducted by the business or organizational unit(s) targeted by this questionnaire only, and which can be identified by the specified legal and operating name. The main activity is the activity which most defines the targeted business or organization's main purpose or reason for existence. For a business or organization that is for-profit, it is normally the activity that generates the majority of the revenue for the entity.

The NAICS classification contains a limited number of activity classifications; the associated classification might be applicable for this business or organization even if it is not exactly how you would describe this business or organization's main activity.

Please note that any modifications to the main activity through your response to this question might not necessarily be reflected prior to the transmitting of subsequent questionnaires and as a result they may not contain this updated information.

Fall rye and winter wheat

Fall rye:
Rye that is seeded and germinates in the fall of one year, is dormant over the winter and resumes growth in the spring.

Winter wheat:
Wheat that is seeded and germinates in the fall of one year, is dormant over the winter and resumes growth in the spring. Winter wheat is grown in areas with milder winters.

Crops seeded in 2018

Wheat

Wheat, durum:
A variety of wheat sown in the spring, used to make pasta products.

Wheat, spring:
Is the main type of wheat grown in Canada. It is seeded in the spring and harvested in the late summer or early fall of the same year.

Wheat, spring — Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) – Hard Red:
CWRS wheat is the largest wheat class in Canada. It is recognized around the world for its excellent milling and baking qualities with minimal protein loss during milling. Due to good gluten strength, it is used extensively either alone or in blends with other wheat varieties for the production of a diverse range of products such as hearth breads, steam breads, noodles, common wheat pasta, and flat breads.
CWRS Varieties: AAC Alida, AAC Bailey, AAC Brandon, AAC Cameron, AAC Connery, AAC Elie, AAC Jatharia, AAC Prevail, AAC Redberry, AAC Redwater, AAC Tisdale, AAC Viewfield, AAC W1876, AAC Warman, AC Abbey, AC Barrie, AC Cadillac, AC Cora, AC Domain, AC Eatonia, AC Elsa, AC Intrepid, AC Majestic, AC Michael, AC Minto, AC Splendor, Alikat, Alvena, Carberry, Cardale, CDC Abound, CDC Adamant, CDC Alsask, CDC Bounty,CDC Bradwell, CDC Go, CDC Hughes, CDC Imagine, CDC Kernen, CDC Landmark, CDC Makwa, CDC Osler, CDC Plentiful, CDC Stanley, CDC Teal, CDC Thrive, CDC Titanium, CDC Utmost, CDC VR Morris, Coleman, Columbus, Conway, Fieldstar, Glenn, Go Early, Goodeve, Harvest, Helios, Infinity, Journey, Kane, Katepwa, Laura, Leader, Lillian, Lovitt, McKenzie, Muchmore, Neepawa, Parata, Park, Pasqua, Peace,Pembina, Prodigy, Roblin, Shaw, Somerset, Stettler, Superb, SY Chert, SY Obsidian, SY Slate, SY Sovite, SY 433, SY479 VB, SY637, Thatcher, Thorsby, Unity, Vesper, Waskada, WR859 CL, Zealand, 5500HR, 5600HR, 5601HR, 5602HR, 5603HR, 5604HR CL, 5605HR CL.

Wheat, spring — Canada Northern Hard Red (CNHR):
Wheat of medium to hard kernels with a very good milling quality and medium gluten strength. The end uses are mostly hearth breads, steamed breads, flat breads, and noodles. Examples of CNHR are AAC Concord, Elgin ND, Faller and Prosper. *Newly added class.
CNHR Varieties: AAC Concord, AAC Tradition, Elgin ND, Faller, Prosper.

Wheat, spring — Canada Prairie Spring Red (CPSR):
This class of wheat is bred for high yields, has medium to strong dough properties and has medium protein content. CPSR is used for hearth breads, steamed breads, flat breads, crackers, noodles and has become recognized as a viable feedstock for ethanol production.
CPSR Varieties: AAC Crossfield, AAC Crusader, AAC Entice, AAC Foray, AAC Goodwin, AAC Ryley, AAC Penhold, AAC Tenacious, AC Crystal, AC Foremost, AC Taber, CDC Terrain, Conquer, Cutler, Enchant, Oslo, SY Rowyn, SY985, SY995, 5701PR, 5700PR, 5702PR.

Wheat, spring — Canada Prairie Spring White (CPSW):
The white sub-class of the CPS has medium to strong dough properties and has low to medium protein content. CPSW can be used for a wide variety of low volume breads.
CPSW Varieties: AC Karma, AC Vista.

Wheat, spring — Canada Western Extra Strong (CWES):
It was previously called Utility. Includes varieties of hard red spring wheat. CWES class have milling and baking qualities different from other wheat. Its extra strong gluten content is used in specialty products when high gluten strength is needed, and desirable as blending wheat with softer, weaker wheat.
CWES Varieties: AC Corinne, Amazon, Bluesky, Burnside, CDC Rama, CDC Walrus, CDN Bison, Glenavon, Glencross, Glenlea, Laser, Wildcat.

Wheat, spring — Canada Western Hard White Spring (CWHWS):
Varieties have been developed using the CWRS quality profile with superior milling and dough properties as well as improved flour colour. Hard white wheat is in demand by millers and bakers due to an improved flavour profile when used in whole grain baked products. It is suitable for bread and noodle production. *Newly added class.
CWHWS Varieties: AAC Cirrus, AAC Iceberg, AAC Whitefox, CDC Whitewood, Kanata, Snowbird, Snowstar, Whitehawk.

Wheat, spring — Canada Western Hard White Spring (CWHWS):
Varieties have been developed using the CWRS quality profile with superior milling and dough properties as well as improved flour colour. Hard white wheat is in demand by millers and bakers due to an improved flavour profile when used in whole grain baked products. It is suitable for bread and noodle production. *Newly added class.
CWHWS Varieties: AAC Cirrus, AAC Iceberg, AAC Whitefox, CDC Whitewood, Kanata, Snowbird, Snowstar, Whitehawk.

Wheat, spring — Canada Western Soft White Spring (CWSWS):
This soft white spring wheat has low protein content and is used for cookies, cakes, pastry, flat breads, noodles, steamed breads, chapatis.
CWSWS Varieties: AAC Chiffon, AC Indus, AAC Paramount, AC Andrew, AC Meena, AC Nanda, AC Phil, AC Reed, Bhishaj, Sadash.

Wheat, spring — Canada Western Special Purpose (CWSP):
It is Western Canada's newest class of wheat. Generally, varieties in this class are typically high-yielding and are not appropriate for milling because of their high starch and low protein content. Due to the combination of high starch and low protein, they are most suitable for uses such as ethanol product or animal feed. *Newly added class.
CWSP Varieties: AAC Awesome, AAC Proclaim, AAC Innova, AAC NRG097, Accipiter, Alderon, Broadview, CDC Clair, CDC Falcon, CDC Harrier, CDC Kestrel, CDC Kinley, CDC NRG003, CDC Primepurple, CDC Ptarmigan, CDC Raptor, CDC Throttle, Charing, Minnedosa, NRG010, Pasteur, Peregrine, Pintail, Sparrow, SY087, Sunrise, Swainson , WFT 603.

Wheat, spring — other:
Include all varieties not listed above such as unlicensed varieties, Grandin wheat, and milling classes of eastern Canadian spring wheat (e.g. Canada Eastern Hard White Spring (CEHWS), Canada Eastern Red Spring (CERS), Canada Eastern Soft White Spring (CESWS)).

Wheat, winter:
Wheat that is seeded in the fall of one year, germinates and "overwinters", resumes growth in the spring.

Barley:
A high energy cereal grown primarily for livestock feed. It is usually harvested for grain, but is also occasionally cut green for hay or silage. Ontario, Quebec only: include winter barley seeded the previous fall.

Buckwheat:
A plant grown as green manure and as a cereal crop.

Canary seed:
A cereal grain primarily grown for use as birdseed, as well as for human consumption. Most of the canary seed grown in Canada is exported.

Canola:
Canola are plants grown specifically for their low erucic acid oil and low glucosinolate content. Canola meal, the residue after the oil is extracted, is used in animal feeds as a protein source. This crop also includes Industry Preserved canola (IP).

Chickpeas:
Leguminous annual pea plant cultivated for human consumption. Also called Garbanzo beans.

Corn for grain:
Also called "Grain Corn", this is corn left to mature in the field, then harvested for grain rather than as forage. The grain may be harvested dry or as "high moisture corn" and stored in a silo. "Shelled Corn", "Cob Corn" and "Corn Seed" are also considered as Corn for Grain.

Corn for silage, etc.:
This is corn that is cut while still immature. It is then turned into silage or is grazed. This category also includes corn that is left standing in the fall or winter, for feed purposes. This category is also referred to as fodder corn.

Dry beans:
Please report all dry beans (black, red, white, fava, etc.) individually. Other and unknown varieties examples: adzuki (azuki, aduki), baby lima, black eyes peas, Dutch brown, kintoki, large lima, lupini, otebo, pink, speckled sugar, white kidney (cannellini, alubia type).

Dry field peas:
An annual leguminous plant producing three-inch long pods, grown to be harvested when dry.

Flaxseed:
A plant grown for its oil-bearing seeds (e.g., linseed) as well as for its fibres (e.g., linen).

Hemp:
Crop (often called industrial hemp) that can be transformed into textiles, clothing, cosmetics, soap, beer, industrial fibre, building materials and paper. Canada's hemp industry is pioneering the development of hemp-based foods: flour, nutritional bars, pasta, cookies, lactose-free milk and ice cream.

Lentils:
Annual plants similar to peas, which produce pods containing two dark flat seeds.

Mixed grains:
A combination of two or more grains (e.g., oats and barley or peas and oats sown and harvested together), usually harvested for grain. It may also be cut green for hay or silage.

Mustard seed:
An oilseed crop that generates seed-filled pods used mostly for spice and to make the yellow condiment. Three main types are grown on the Prairies: yellow, brown and oriental.

Oats:
A cereal grown primarily for livestock feed. Oats are usually harvested for grain but may also be cut green for hay or silage. Oats are also grown for human consumption (e.g., oatmeal and oat bran).

Soybeans:
A plant primarily grown for their edible, high protein, oil-bearing seeds.

Spring rye:
Rye seeded in the spring and harvested in the fall. This type of rye is grown only in areas which are too cold for fall seeding (e.g., Northern Prairies).

Sugar beets:
Large beets (6" to 12") selected for their high sugar content and used for making white table sugar.

Sunflower seed:
Plants from which the seeds are selected either for their oil content, or for use as birdseed or for confectionery purposes. Includes sunola and other dwarf varieties.

Triticale:
Triticale is a varietal cross between rye and wheat. It is harvested for its grain but often it is cut for hay or silage.

Tobacco:
The tobacco plant is a coarse, large leafed perennial but it is usually cultivated as an annual.

Silo storage

Vertical silos:
Include round and cylinder.

Horizontal silos:
Include all forms of horizontal silage i.e. bins, pits, stack silos, bunker silos and trench silos.

Areas with genetically modified seed (corn for grain and soybeans)

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs):
Crops developed through genetic engineering, a more precise method of plant breeding. Genetic engineering, also referred to as biotechnology, allows plant breeders to take a desirable trait found in nature and transfer it from one plant or organism to the plant they want to improve, as well as make a change to an existing trait in a plant they are developing. Some examples of desirable traits commonly transferred include resistance to insects and disease and tolerance to herbicides that allow farmers to better control weeds.

Biotechnology:
The application of science and engineering in the use of living organisms.

Genetic engineering:
A technique involving the transfer of specific genetic information from one organism to another.

Genetically modified seed:
A seed whose genetic information has been recently altered by genetic engineering or mutagenesis.

Mutagenesis:
A process by which an organism is genetically changed, resulting in a mutation, which is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene. It may occur naturally or it can happen deliberately for the purpose of increasing genetic variation of a species. Commonly used tool for plant breeding, in which researchers force the mutation of a plant's genetics, for example, by exposing seeds to chemicals or irradiation. Crops created with mutagenesis breeding are not considered GMOs and this technique is not considered genetic engineering. In fact, varieties developed using these techniques are considered to be "conventional" varieties and are allowed in organic production systems.

Plant breeding:
The science of selecting and altering plants to increase their value by producing desirable traits such as increased quality or yield, virus resistance or increased tolerance to pests.

Terminator gene:
A gene that renders seeds sterile.

Transgenic:
A plant or animal containing one or more new genes introduced by genetic engineering.

Other terms used for genetically modified seed:
Liberty Link, Roundup Ready, Bt Corn (YieldGard, KnockOut, NatureGuard, Xtra, StarLink and Herculex).

Tame hay and forage seed

Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures
Include alfalfa and Alfalfa mixed with varieties of clover, trefoil, bromegrass, timothy, orchardgrass, canarygrass, ryegrass, fescue, sorghum-sudan and wheatgrass.
Exclude all forage crop area harvested or to be harvested for commercial seed purposes, under-seeded areas and other field crops e.g., barley that will be harvested green to feed animals.

Other tame hay
Include varieties of clover, trefoil, bromegrass, timothy, orchardgrass, canarygrass, ryegrass, fescue, sorghum-sudan and wheatgrass.
Exclude alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures, all forage crop area harvested or to be harvested for commercial seed purposes and other field crops e.g., barley that will be harvested green to feed animals.

Forage seed
Include all forage crop areas to be harvested for seed and forage crops grown commercially for seed purposes such as alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures, varieties of clover, trefoil, bromegrass, timothy, orchardgrass, canarygrass, ryegrass, fescue, sorghum-sudan and wheatgrass.
Exclude forage crops to be harvested for hay or used for pasture.

Estimate the weight of a bale of hay

The weight of a bale depends on the size, the machine used, the density and the moisture. Below you will find a list of estimated average weights for dry hay and for silage hay (alfalfa and other tame hay). Note that the given moisture levels are the market averages.

Measure in feet (ft) or inches (in) and weight in pounds (lb).

  • 1 lb = 0.45 kg
  • 1 kg = 2.2 lb
  • 1 metre = 3.3 feet
  • 1 foot = 0.3 metres

Dry hay (at 15% moisture) — round bales (diameter X width):

  • (3 X 4) ft: 350 lb
  • (4 X 3) ft: 465 lb
  • (4 X 4) ft: 620 lb
  • (4 X 5) ft: 775 lb
  • (5 X 4) ft: 970 lb
  • (5 X 5) ft: 1210 lb
  • (5 X 6) ft: 1450 lb
  • (6 X 4) ft: 1395 lb
  • (6 X 5) ft: 1750 lb

Dry hay (at 15% moisture) — large square bales (height X width X length):

  • (32 in X 35 in X 84 in): 740 lb
  • (3 X 3 X 8) ft: 970 lb
  • (3 X 4 X 8) ft: 1300 lb
  • (4 X 4 X 8) ft: 1730 lb

Dry hay (at 15% moisture) — small square bales (height X width X length):

  • Two-string bales of (14 in X 18 in X 32 in): 50 lb
  • Two-string bales of (16 in X 19 in X 36 in): 60 lb
  • Three-string bales of (22 in X 15 in X 44 in): 105 lb

Silaged hay (at 55% moisture) — round bales (width X diameter):

  • (3 X 4) ft: 670 lb
  • (4 X 3) ft: 900 lb
  • (4 X 4) ft: 1200 lb
  • (4 X 5) ft: 1490 lb
  • (5 X 4) ft: 1870 lb
  • (5 X 5) ft: 2335 lb
  • (5 X 6) ft: 2800 lb
  • (6 X 4) ft: 2765 lb
  • (6 X 5) ft: 3360 lb

Other land areas

Summerfallow:
Land on which no crop will be grown during the year, but which may be cultivated or worked for weed control and/or moisture conservation, or it may simply be left to lay fallow in order to renew the soil.

Chemfallow:
Summerfallow where herbicides are used without working the soil.

Winterkilled land:
Crop areas sown in the previous fall that did not survive the winter conditions, which will not be reseeded or pastured to another crop in the following spring.

Land for pasture or grazing:
All land which is being used for pasture, grazing, native pasture, native hay, rangeland and grazable bush used for the grazing or feeding of livestock.

Other land:
Area of farmstead, wasteland, woodland, cut-over land, slough, swamp, marshland and irrigation ditches, fruits and vegetables, mushrooms, maple trees, Christmas trees, sod, or new broken land (land which has been cleared and prepared for cultivation but will not be cropped).

Thank you for your participation.

Classification of the Economic Territory of Canada (CETC) 2011 - Background information

Status

This standard was approved as a departmental standard on February 21, 2011.

Definitions
Term Definition
Economic territory Economic territory is the area under the effective control of a single government or international organization. The economic territory of a country includes the land area, airspace, territorial waters and islands of that country as well as jurisdiction over fishing rights and rights to fuels or minerals whether on land or below the seabed. It also includes the country's territorial enclaves abroad. It excludes the territorial enclaves of foreign countries and international organizations in that country. The economic territory of a country includes free trade zones and offshore financial centres under the control of the government of that country even though different regulatory and tax regimes may apply.
Territorial enclaves Territorial enclaves are clearly demarcated areas located outside a particular country that are owned or rented by the government of that country for diplomatic, military, scientific, or other purposes with the formal agreement of governments of the country where the areas are physically located. Territorial enclaves can also be owned or rented by international organizations. The territorial enclave of a country or international organization is under the effective control of that country or international organization and may be granted immunity from the laws of the host country. Territorial enclaves include embassies, consulates, military bases, scientific stations, information or immigration offices, aid agency offices, and central bank representative offices with diplomatic immunity.

Additional Information

The economic territory of an international organization consists of the territorial enclave or enclaves over which it has jurisdiction. These are excluded from the economic territory of Canada.

International merchandise trade statistics record goods that enter or leave the statistical territory, which is the territory with respect to which data is collected. For the international merchandise trade statistics of Canada, this statistical territory is analogous to the customs boundary. Within the System of National Accounts, trade statistics on goods is adjusted to approximate data for economic territory.

Conformity to relevant internationally recognized standards

The definition of economic territory conforms to the definition found in the System of National Accounts 2008Footnote 1. The definition of the System of National Accounts is also referenced by the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, Sixth Edition (BPM6) Footnote 2 and the International Merchandise Trade Statistics, Concepts and definitions 1998Footnote 3.

Health Regions (HR) 2017 - Background information

Health Regions (HR) 2017 provides standard names and codes for Canada's health regions. Health regions are legislated administrative areas defined by provincial ministries of health. These administrative areas represent geographic areas of responsibility for hospital boards or regional health authorities. Health regions, being provincial administrative areas, are subject to change.

While the classification and its variant retain the same structures as in 2015, new reference maps have been created for HR 2017 to align health region boundaries with 2016 Census geography. Small boundary adjustments have been made in Manitoba and Saskatchewan to follow shorelines and conform to road networks.

Changes and corrections have been made to the following health region names:

  • 1011 Eastern Regional Integrated Health Authority has been changed to Eastern Regional Health Authority (Health Regions 2017 and Health Regions for Alternate Reporting - Variant of HR 2017)
  • 1012 Central Regional Integrated Health Authority has been changed to Central Regional Health Authority (Health Regions 2017 and Health Regions for Alternate Reporting - Variant of HR 2017)
  • 1013 Western Regional Integrated Health Authority has been changed to Western Regional Health Authority (Health Regions 2017 and Health Regions for Alternate Reporting - Variant of HR 2017)
  • 1014 Labrador-Grenfell Regional Integrated Health Authority has been changed to Labrador-Grenfell Regional Health Authority (Health Regions 2017 and Health Regions for Alternate Reporting - Variant of HR 2017)
  • 3501 Érié St. Clair has been corrected to Érié St-Clair in French (Health Regions for Alternate Reporting - Variant of HR 2017)
  • 3507 Toronto-Centre has been corrected to Centre-Toronto in French (Health Regions for Alternate Reporting - Variant of HR 2017)
  • 3512 Simcoe-Nord Muskoka has been corrected to Simcoe Nord Muskoka in French (Health Regions for Alternate Reporting - Variant of HR 2017)
  • 3551 Circonscription sanitaire de la cité d'Ottawa has been corrected to Circonscription sanitaire de la ville d'Ottawa in French (Health Regions 2017)
  • 3555 Peterborough County-City Health Unit has been corrected to Peterborough County—City Health Unit in English (Health Regions 2017)
  • 5930 Vancouver Central Health Authority has been corrected to Vancouver Coastal Health Authority (Health Regions 2017 and Health Regions for Alternate Reporting - Variant of HR 2017)

The first use of Health Regions (HR) 2017 and its variant was in the publication Health Regions: Boundaries and Correspondence with Census Geography (82-402-X).

The classification variant, Health Regions for Alternate Reporting - Variant of HR 2017, presents a second set of health regions for Ontario, the Local Health Integrated Networks (LHINs).

Concordances and documentation on changes

Differences between the List of Countries, Dependencies and Other Areas of Interest (2006) and the International Standard ISO 3166-1: 2006

>Differences between the List of Countries, Dependencies and Other Areas of Interest (2006) and the International Standard ISO 3166-1: 2006
Statistics Canada, 2006 ISO 3166-1: 2006
Iran Iran, Islamic Republic of
Ireland, Republic of (EIRE) Ireland
Korea, North Korea, Democratic People's Republic of
Korea, South Korea, Republic of
Laos Lao People's Democratic Republic
Libya Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Macedonia (FYROM) Macedonia, The former Yugoslav Republic of
Syria Syrian Arab Republic
Taiwan Taiwan, Province of China
Vatican City State Holy See (Vatican City State)

Updates of ISO 3166-1: 1997

  • On September 26, 2006, two entities have been added (Montenegro, 499, ME, MNE; and Serbia, 688, RS, SRB) and the country name Serbia and Montenegro (891, CS, SCG) has been removed from the list.
  • On March 29, 2006, three entities have been added (Guernsey, 831, GG, GGY; Isle of Man, 833, IM, IMN; and Jersey, 832, JE, JEY).
  • On February 13, 2004, one entity has been added (Åland Islands, 248, AX, ALA).
  • On February 5, 2003, the name and the ALPHA code elements for Serbia and Montenegro have been modified (from Yugoslavia to Serbia and Montenegro, and from YU, YUG to CS, SCG).
  • On November 15, 2002, the name of Timor-Leste (626, TL, TLS) has been modified (from East Timor to Timor-Leste).
  • On May 20, 2002, the name of Macao (446, MO, MAC) has been modified (from Macau to Macao), and the ALPHA code elements for East Timor (626, TL, TLS) have changed (from TP, TMP to TL, TLS).
  • On February 1st, 2002, the ALPHA-3 code element for Romania (642, RO, ROU) has changed (from ROM to ROU).
  • On January 1st 2001, two entities have been added (Occupied Palestinian Territory, 275, PS, PSE and East Timor, 626, TP, TMP).

Updates of ISO 3166-1: 2006

  • On April 8, 2008, the name of Moldova (498, MD, MDA) has been modified (from Moldova, Republic of to Moldova).
  • On September 21, 2007, two entities have been added (Saint Barthélemy, 652, BL, BLM; and Saint Martin (French part), 663, MF, MAF).

Geographical map of the 2016 Eastern economic regions – map 1 of 2

Eastern economic regions, régions économiques de l'Est - 2016

Geographical map of the 2016 Eastern economic regions – map 1 of 2. See the table below for more detail on the names of the economic regions, census metropolitan areas (CMAs), and census agglomerations (CAs) by province as shown on the map. Note that economic region and CMA/CA boundaries do not respect each other; some CMA/CAs fall within multiple economic regions, even though they appear as points within one economic region on the map.

Newfoundland and Labrador
Table summary
This table displays the results of Newfoundland and Labrador. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Newfoundland and Labrador
Economic Region CMA/CA
Avalon Peninsula (1010) Bay Roberts
St. John's
South Coast–Burin Peninsula (1020)  ...
West Coast–Northern Peninsula–Labrador (1030) Corner Brook
Notre Dame–Central Bonavista Bay (1040) Gander
Grand Falls-Windsor
Prince Edward Island
Table summary
This table displays the results of Prince Edward Island. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Prince Edward Island
Economic Region CMA/CA
Prince Edward Island (1110) Charlottetown
Summerside
Nova Scotia
Table summary
This table displays the results of Nova Scotia. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Nova Scotia
Economic Region CMA/CA
Cape Breton (1210) Cape Breton
North Shore (1220) New Glasgow
Truro
Annapolis Valley (1230) Kentville
Southern (1240)  ...
Halifax (1250) Halifax
New Brunswick
Table summary
This table displays the results of New Brunswick. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
New Brunswick
Economic Region CMA/CA
Campbellton–Miramichi (1310) Bathurst
Campbellton (New Brunswick part)
Miramichi
Moncton–Richibucto (1320) Moncton
Saint John–St. Stephen (1330) Saint John
Fredericton–Oromocto (1340) Fredericton
Saint John
Edmundston–Woodstock (1350) Edmundston
Quebec
Table summary
This table displays the results of Quebec. The information is grouped by Economic (appearing as row headers), Region (appearing as column headers).
Quebec
Economic Region CMA/CA
Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine (2410) Campbellton (Quebec part)
Bas-Saint-Laurent (2415) Matane
Rimouski
Rivière-du-Loup
Abitibi-Témiscamingue (2465) Rouyn-Noranda
Val-d'Or
Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean (2475) Alma
Dolbeau-Mistassini
Saguenay
Côte-Nord (2480) Baie-Comeau
Sept-Îles
Nord-du-Québec (2490)  ...
Ontario
Table summary
This table displays the results of Ontario. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Ontario
Economic Region CMA/CA
Northeast (3590) Elliot Lake
Greater Sudbury
North Bay
Sault Ste. Marie
Timmins
Northwest (3595) Kenora
Thunder Bay
Manitoba
Table summary
This table displays the results of Manitoba. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Manitoba
Economic Region CMA/CA
North (4680)  ...
Territories
Table summary
This table displays the results of Territories. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Territories
Economic Region CMA/CA
Nunavut (6210)  ...

Note: ... not applicable for this specific location.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population. Produced by Statistical Registers and Geography Division, 2017.

Geographical map of the 2016 Western economic regions

Western economic regions, régions économiques de l'Ouest - 2016

Geographical map of the 2016 Western economic regions. See the table below for more detail on the names of the economic regions, census metropolitan areas (CMAs), and census agglomerations (CAs) by province as shown on the map. Note that economic region and CMA/CA boundaries do not respect each other, so some CMA/CAs fall within multiple economic regions, even though they appear as points on the map.

Ontario
Table summary
This table displays the results of Ontario. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Ontario
Economic Region CMA/CA
Northwest (3595) Kenora
Manitoba
Table summary
This table displays the results of Manitoba. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Manitoba
Economic Region CMA/CA
Southeast (4610) Steinbach
Winnipeg
South Central (4620) Winkler
Southwest (4630) Brandon
North Central (4640) Portage la Prairie
Winnipeg
Winnipeg (4650) Winnipeg
Interlake (4660) Winnipeg
Parklands (4670)  ...
North (4680) Thompson
Saskatchewan
Table summary
This table displays the results of Saskatchewan. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Saskatchewan
Economic Region CMA/CA
Regina–Moose Mountain (4710) Estevan
Regina
Weyburn
Swift Current–Moose Jaw (4720) Moose Jaw
Swift Current
Saskatoon–Biggar (4730) North Battleford
Saskatoon
Yorkton–Melville ( 4740) Yorkton
Prince Albert (4750) Lloydminster (Saskatchewan part)
North Battleford
Prince Albert
Saskatoon
Northern (4760)  ...
Alberta
Table summary
This table displays the results of Alberta. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Alberta
Economic Region CMA/CA
Lethbridge–Medicine Hat (4810) Brooks
Lethbridge
Medicine Hat
Camrose–Drumheller (4820) Camrose
Edmonton
Lloydminster (Alberta part)
Strathmore
Calgary (4830) Calgary
High River
Okotoks
Banff–Jasper–Rocky Mountain House (4840) Canmore
Red Deer (4850) Lacombe
Red Deer
Sylvan Lake
Edmonton (4860) Edmonton
Wetaskiwin
Athabasca–Grande Prairie–Peace River (4870) Grande Prairie
Wood Buffalo–Cold Lake (4880) Cold Lake
Wood Buffalo
British Columbia
Table summary
This table displays the results of British Columbia. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
British Columbia
Economic Region CMA/CA
Vancouver Island and Coast (5910) Campbell River
Courtenay
Duncan
Nanaimo
Parksville
Port Alberni
Powell River
Victoria
Lower Mainland–Southwest (5920) Abbotsford-Mission
Chilliwack
Squamish
Vancouver
Thompson–Okanagan (5930) Kamloops
Kelowna
Penticton
Salmon Arm
Vernon
Kootenay (5940) Cranbrook
Nelson
Cariboo (5950) Prince George
Quesnel
Williams Lake
North Coast (5960) Prince Rupert
Terrace
Nechako (5970)  ...
Northeast (5980) Dawson Creek
Fort St. John
Territories
Table summary
This table displays the results of Territories. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Territories
Economic Region CMA/CA
Yukon (6010) Whitehorse
Northwest Territories (6110) Yellowknife
Nunavut (6210)  ...

Note: ... not applicable for this specific location.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population. Produced by Statistical Registers and Geography Division, 2017.

Geographical map of the 2016 Eastern economic regions – map 2 of 2

Eastern economic regions, régions économiques de l'Est - 2016

Geographical map of the 2016 Eastern economic regions – map 2 of 2. See the table below for more detail on the names of the economic regions, census metropolitan areas (CMAs), and census agglomerations (CAs) by province as shown on the map. Note that economic region and CMA/CA boundaries do not respect each other, so some CMA/CAs fall within multiple economic regions, even though they appear as points on the map.

Quebec
Table summary
This table displays the results of Quebec. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).
Quebec
Economic Region CMA/CA
Bas-Saint-Laurent (2415) Rimouski
Rivière-du-Loup
Capitale-Nationale (2420) Québec
Chaudière-Appalaches (2425) Québec
Sainte-Marie
Saint-Georges
Thetford Mines
Estrie (2430) Sherbrooke
Centre-du-Québec (2433) Drummondville
Trois-Rivières
Victoriaville
Montérégie (2435) Cowansville
Granby
Montréal
Saint-Hyacinthe
Salaberry-de-Valleyfield
Sorel-Tracy
Montréal (2440) Montréal
Laval (2445) Montréal
Lanaudière (2450) Joliette
Montréal
Laurentides (2455) Hawkesbury (Quebec part)
Lachute
Montréal
Outaouais (2460) Ottawa-Gatineau (Quebec part)
Abitibi-Témiscamingue (2465) Rouyn-Noranda
Val-d'Or
Mauricie (2470) Shawinigan
Trois-Rivières
Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean (2475) Alma
Dolbeau-Mistassini
Saguenay
Côte-Nord (2480)  ...
Ontario
Table summary
This table displays the results of Ontario. The information is grouped by Economic Region (appearing as row headers), CMA/CA (appearing as column headers).\
Ontario
Economic Region CMA/CA
Ottawa (3510) Carleton Place
Brockville
Cornwall
Hawkesbury (Ontario part)
Ottawa–Gatineau (Ontario part)
Kingston–Pembroke (3515) Arnprior
Belleville
Kingston
Pembroke
Petawawa
Muskoka–Kawarthas (3520) Cobourg
Kawartha Lakes
Peterborough
Port Hope
Toronto (3530) Oshawa
Toronto
Kitchener–Waterloo–Barrie (3540) Barrie
Centre Wellington
Collingwood
Guelph
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo
Midland
Orillia
Toronto
Wasaga Beach
Hamilton–Niagara Peninsula (3550) Brantford
Hamilton
Norfolk
St. Catharines–Niagara
London (3560) Ingersoll
London
Tillsonburg
Woodstock
Windsor–Sarnia (3570) Chatham-Kent
Leamington
Sarnia
Windsor
Stratford–Bruce Peninsula (3580) Owen Sound
Stratford
Northeast (3590) Elliot Lake
Greater Sudbury
North Bay
Timmins

Note: ... not applicable for this specific location.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population. Produced by Statistical Registers and Geography Division, 2017.

Classification of the Economic Territory of Canada (CETC) 2011 - Background information

Status

This standard was approved as a departmental standard on February 21, 2011.

Definitions
Term Definition
Economic territory Economic territory is the area under the effective control of a single government or international organization. The economic territory of a country includes the land area, airspace, territorial waters and islands of that country as well as jurisdiction over fishing rights and rights to fuels or minerals whether on land or below the seabed. It also includes the country's territorial enclaves abroad. It excludes the territorial enclaves of foreign countries and international organizations in that country. The economic territory of a country includes free trade zones and offshore financial centres under the control of the government of that country even though different regulatory and tax regimes may apply.
Territorial enclaves Territorial enclaves are clearly demarcated areas located outside a particular country that are owned or rented by the government of that country for diplomatic, military, scientific, or other purposes with the formal agreement of governments of the country where the areas are physically located. Territorial enclaves can also be owned or rented by international organizations. The territorial enclave of a country or international organization is under the effective control of that country or international organization and may be granted immunity from the laws of the host country. Territorial enclaves include embassies, consulates, military bases, scientific stations, information or immigration offices, aid agency offices, and central bank representative offices with diplomatic immunity.

Additional Information

The economic territory of an international organization consists of the territorial enclave or enclaves over which it has jurisdiction. These are excluded from the economic territory of Canada.

International merchandise trade statistics record goods that enter or leave the statistical territory, which is the territory with respect to which data is collected. For the international merchandise trade statistics of Canada, this statistical territory is analogous to the customs boundary. Within the System of National Accounts, trade statistics on goods is adjusted to approximate data for economic territory.

Conformity to relevant internationally recognized standards

The definition of economic territory conforms to the definition found in the System of National Accounts 2008Footnote 1. The definition of the System of National Accounts is also referenced by the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, Sixth Edition (BPM6) Footnote 2 and the International Merchandise Trade Statistics, Concepts and definitions 1998Footnote 3.

SGC 2016 - Definitions

CGT 2016 - Definitions
Term Definition
Census agglomeration See the definition of census metropolitan area.
Census agricultural region Census agricultural regions (CARs) are composed of groups of adjacent census divisions.
Census consolidated subdivision A census consolidated subdivision (CCS) is a group of adjacent census subdivisions within the same census division. Generally, the smaller, more densely-populated census subdivisions (towns, villages, etc.) are combined with the surrounding, larger, more rural census subdivision, in order to create a geographic level between the census subdivision and the census division.
Census division Census division (CD) is the general term for provincially legislated areas (such as county and regional district) or their equivalents. Census divisions are intermediate geographic areas between the province/territory level and the municipality (census subdivision).
Census metropolitan area

A census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) is formed by one or more adjacent municipalities centred on a population centre (known as the core). A CMA must have a total population of at least 100,000 of which 50,000 or more must live in the core, based on adjusted data from the previous census. A CA must have a core population of at least 10,000, also based on data from the previous census. To be included in the CMA or CA, other adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the core, as measured by commuting flows derived from data on place of work from the previous census.

If the population of the core of a CA falls below 10,000, the CA is retired from the next census. However, once an area becomes a CMA, it is retained as a CMA even if its total population falls below 100,000 or the population of its core falls below 50,000. All areas inside the CMA or CA that are not population centres are rural areas.

When a CA has a core of at least 50,000, based on the previous Census of Population, it is subdivided into census tracts. Census tracts are maintained for the CA even if the population of the core subsequently falls below 50,000. All CMAs are subdivided into census tracts.
Census metropolitan category

The census metropolitan categories are groupings of census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations and census metropolitan influenced zones outside census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations established for the purpose of statistical reporting. There are three census metropolitan categories:

  1. Census metropolitan areas (CMAs)
  2. Census agglomerations (CAs)
  3. Outside census metropolitan areas (CMAs) and census agglomerations (CAs)
Census metropolitan influenced zone

The census metropolitan influenced zone (MIZ) is a concept that geographically differentiates the area of Canada outside census metropolitan areas (CMAs) and census agglomerations (CAs). Census subdivisions (CSDs) within provinces that are outside CMAs and CAs are assigned to one of four categories according to the degree of influence (strong, moderate, weak or no influence) that the CMAs or CAs have on them. CSDs within the territories that are outside CAs are assigned to a separate category.

A municipality within a province is assigned to a census metropolitan influenced zone (MIZ) category based on the percentage of its employed labour force that commutes to work in one or more of the municipalities (census subdivisions) that are part of the delineation core of a CMA or CA. The calculation of the employed labour force excludes the category of no fixed workplace address. CSDs with the same degree of influence tend to be clustered. They form zones around CMAs and CAs that progress through the categories from 'strong' to 'no' influence as distance from the CMAs and CAs increases. As many CSDs in the territories are very large and sparsely populated, the commuting flow of the resident employed labour force is unstable. For this reason, CSDs in the territories that are outside CAs are assigned to a separate category that is not based on their commuting flows.

CSDs outside CMAs and CAs are assigned to the following MIZ categories:

  1. Strong metropolitan influenced zone: This category includes CSDs in provinces where at least 30% of the CSD's resident employed labour force (excluding the category of no fixed workplace address) commutes to work in any CMA or CA. It excludes CSDs from the previous census with fewer than 40 persons in their resident employed labour force.
  2. Moderate metropolitan influenced zone: This category includes CSDs in provinces where at least 5% but less than 30% of the CSD's resident employed labour force (excluding the category of no fixed workplace address) commute to work in any CMA or CA. It excludes CSDs from the previous census with fewer than 40 persons in their resident employed labour force.
  3. Weak metropolitan influenced zone: This category includes CSDs in provinces where more than 0% but less than 5% of the CSD's resident employed labour force (excluding the category of no fixed workplace address) commute to work in any CMA or CA. It excludes CSDs from the previous census with fewer than 40 persons in their resident employed labour force.
  4. No metropolitan influenced zone: This category includes CSDs in provinces where none of the CSD's resident employed labour force (excluding the category of no fixed workplace address) commute to work in any CMA or CA. It also includes CSDs from the previous census with fewer than 40 persons in their resident employed labour force.
  5. Territories (outside CAs): This category includes CSDs in the territories outside CAs.
Census subdivision Census subdivision (CSD) is the general term for municipalities (as determined by provincial/territorial legislation) or areas treated as municipal equivalents for statistical purposes (e.g., Indian reserves, Indian settlements and unorganized territories).
Economic region An economic region (ER) is a grouping of complete census divisions (with one exception in Ontario) created as a standard geographic unit for analysis of regional economic activity.
Geographical region of Canada

The geographical regions of Canada are groupings of provinces and territories established for the purpose of statistical reporting. There are six geographical regions of Canada.

  1. Atlantic
  2. Quebec
  3. Ontario
  4. Prairies
  5. British Columbia
  6. Territories
Place name 'Place name' (PN) refers to selected names of active and retired geographic areas as well as names from the Canadian Geographical Names Data Base. Place names also include names of census subdivisions (municipalities), census divisions, designated places, population centres, federal electoral districts, economic regions and census metropolitan areas, as well as the names of some local places.
Province or territory 'Province' and 'territory' refer to the major political units of Canada. From a statistical point of view, province and territory are basic areas for which data are tabulated. Canada is divided into 10 provinces and 3 territories.
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