Farm Financial Survey – 2025

Getting Started

Why are we conducting this survey?

This survey is being conducted by Statistics Canada, on behalf of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada to monitor the financial situation of Canadian farms, and establish new policy.

Your information may also be used by Statistics Canada for other statistical and research purposes.

Your participation in this survey is required under the authority of the Statistics Act.

Other important information

Authorization to collect this information

Data are collected under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19.

Confidentiality

By law, Statistics Canada is prohibited from releasing any information it collects that could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent, or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Statistics Canada will use the information from this survey for statistical purposes only.

Record linkages

To enhance the data from this survey and to reduce the response burden, Statistics Canada may combine the acquired data with information from other surveys or from administrative sources.

Data-sharing agreements

To reduce respondent burden, Statistics Canada has entered into data-sharing agreements with provincial and territorial statistical agencies and other government organizations, which have agreed to keep the data confidential and use them only for statistical purposes. Statistics Canada will only share data from this survey with those organizations that have demonstrated a requirement to use the data.

Section 11 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with provincial and territorial statistical agencies that meet certain conditions. These agencies must have the legislative authority to collect the same information, on a mandatory basis, and the legislation must provide substantially the same provisions for confidentiality and penalties for disclosure of confidential information as the Statistics Act. Because these agencies have the legal authority to compel businesses to provide the same information, consent is not requested and businesses may not object to the sharing of the data.

For this survey, there are Section 11 agreements with the provincial statistical agencies of Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia and the Yukon.
The shared data will be limited to information pertaining to business establishments located within the jurisdiction of the respective province.

Section 12 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with federal, provincial or territorial government organizations. Under Section 12, you may refuse to share your information with any of these organizations by writing a letter of objection to the Chief Statistician, specifying the organizations with which you do not want Statistics Canada to share your data and mailing it to the following address:

Chief Statistician of Canada
Statistics Canada
Attention of Director, Agriculture Division
150 Tunney's Pasture Driveway
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6.

You may also contact us by email at infostats: infostats@statcan.gc.ca or by fax at 1-514-496-4879.

Other data-sharing agreement

For this survey, there are Section 12 agreements with the statistical agencies of Prince Edward Island, Northwest Territories and Nunavut, as well as with the ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation du Québec, the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, the Manitoba Department of Agriculture and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.

For agreements with provincial and territorial government organizations, the shared data will be limited to information pertaining to business establishments located within the jurisdiction of the respective province or territory.

Important features

To navigate the questionnaire

Use the Previous and Next buttons located at the bottom right of each page.

Do not use the navigation buttons at the top of your browser or the corresponding shortcut keys.

Question numbering

Question numbering will reset to 1 at the beginning of each new section. Based on your answers to certain questions, the questionnaire will automatically skip any questions or sub-questions that do not apply to your situation.

Session timeout

After two hours of inactivity, your session will time out. You will not be able to access any unsaved information.

To save your information

If you cannot complete the questionnaire in one session, you can save the information you have entered by pressing the Save and finish later button at the bottom left of any page on which you are asked to enter information. You can then resume your session at another time.

Please be advised that information from partially completed or unsaved questionnaires may be retained and used for statistical and research purposes.

Definitions and explanations

A help button is available for certain questions. Press this button for additional information or clarification.

Answering this questionnaire

For this questionnaire

Reporting instructions

Additional information that may be useful in the completion of this electronic questionnaire include the operation's 2025:

  • financial statements
  • tax files
  • AgriInvest Annual Statement of Account
  • AgriStability Calculation of Program Benefits Notice.

Also:

  • individual T1 and T4 tax forms
  • market value assessments of land and buildings from sources such as property tax assessments or local real estate listings.

Other information about this questionnaire

Additional information about this survey can be found by selecting the following link:

Farm Financial Survey (FFS)

Business or organization and contact information

1. Verify or provide the business or organization's legal and operating name and correct where needed.

Note: Legal name should only be modified to correct a spelling error or typo.

Note: Press the help button (?) for additional information.

Legal name

Operating name (if applicable)

2. Verify or provide the contact information for the designated contact person for the business or organization, and correct information if needed.

Note: The designated contact person is the person who should receive this questionnaire. The designated contact person may not always be the one who actually completes the questionnaire.

First name

Last name

Title

Preferred language of communication

Mailing address (number and street)

City

Province, territory or state

Postal code or ZIP (Zone Improvement Plan) code Example A9A 9A9 or 12345-1234

Country

Email address Example: user@example.gov.ca

Telephone number (including area code) Example: 123-123-1234

Extension number (if applicable)

Fax number (including area code) Example: 123-123-1234

3. Verify or provide the current operational status of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

  1. Operational
  2. Not currently operational
    e.g., temporarily or permanently closed, change of ownership

Why is this business or organization not currently operational?

  1. Seasonal operation
  2. Ceased operation
  3. Sold operations
  4. Amalgamated with other businesses or organizations
  5. Temporarily inactive but will re-open
  6. No longer operating due to other reasons

3a Seasonal operations

When did this business or organization close for the season?

Date:

Example: YYYY-MM-DD

When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?

Date:

Example: YYYY-MM-DD

3b Ceased operations

When did this business or organization cease operations?

Date:

Example: YYYY-MM-DD

Why did this business or organization cease operations?

  1. Bankruptcy
  2. Liquidation
  3. Dissolution
  4. Other
    Specify the other reasons why this operation ceased:

3c Sold operations

When was this business or organization sold?

Date:

Example: YYYY-MM-DD

What is the legal name of the buyer?

3d Amalgamated with other businesses or organizations

When did this business or organization amalgamate?

Date:

Example: YYYY-MM-DD

What is the legal name of the resulting or continuing business or organization?

What are the legal names of the other amalgamated businesses or organizations?

3e Temporarily inactive but will re-open

When did this business or organization become temporarily inactive?

Date:

Example: YYYY-MM-DD

When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?

Date:

Example: YYYY-MM-DD

Why is this business or organization temporarily inactive?

3f No longer operating due to other reasons

When did this operation or organization cease operations?

Date:

Example: YYYY-MM-DD

Why did this business or organization cease operations?

4. Verify or provide the current main activity of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

Note: The described activity was assigned using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

Note: Press the help button (?) for additional information, including a detailed description of the activity with example activities and any applicable exclusions.

Descriptions and examples

This is the current main activity

This is not the current main activity

Provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's main activity e.g. breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development

5. You indicated that is not the current main activity

Was this business or organization's main activity ever classified as: ?

  • Yes
    When did the main activity change?
    Date
    Example: YYYY-MM-DD
  • No

6. Search and select the industry classification that best corresponds to the business or organization's main activity.

How to search:

  1. Filter the search results by first selecting the business or organization’s activity sector.
  2. Enter keywords or a brief description that best describe the business or organization’s main activity.
  3. Press the Search button to search the database for an industry activity classification that best matches the keywords or description you provided.
  4. Select an industry activity classification from the list.

Farm operating revenue and expenses

This is the start of a new module. Question numbering will reset to 1 in this section.
Note: The sequence of questions may vary depending on the responses provided. 

1. Are you an operator or a person normally authorized to provide tax data, such as revenues and expenses, to CRA for this operation?

  1. Yes
    What is your role in this operation?
    • One of the operators
    • Operator's spouse
    • Accountant
    • Other
  2. No

With your permission, Statistics Canada will share this operation's tax data on revenues and expenses only with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and your provincial Ministry of Agriculture, and will be used for statistical and research purposes only.

Statistics Canada does not share names, addresses or any other direct identifiers that could identify you or this operation.

If you do not grant us permission to share this information, you will be required to provide the revenues and expenses data later on in this questionnaire.

2. Do you give Statistics Canada permission to share this operation's tax data on revenues and expenses with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and your provincial Ministry of Agriculture?

  1. Yes
    Please provide your first and last names which will act as your electronic authorisation signature.
    Note: Statistics Canada will not share your name with external agencies.
    • Your first and last name
  2. No

Reporting period information

3. What is the end date of this operation's fiscal year?

If financial statements are not available for 2025, please use your best estimates throughout the survey.

Year

Month

Day

Characteristics of the operators and operation

4. On this operation's fiscal end date, how many operators 18 years of age and over, who participate in the business or financial decisions, were responsible for this operation?

An operation may have more than one operator but only one questionnaire is to be completed for each operation.

Exclude:

  • accountants, lawyers, crop advisors, veterinarians, herbicide consultants, etc.
  • hired labourers who work on the farm but are not responsible for management decisions
  • silent partners who own part of the farm assets but do not make management decisions.

Number of operators

5. What was the age of the oldest operator on fiscal year-end date?

Age

6. What was the gender of the oldest operator on fiscal year-end date?

  1. Male
  2. Female
  3. Gender diverse

7. What was the age of the youngest operator (minimum age of 18) on fiscal year-end date?

Age

8. What was the gender of the youngest operator (minimum age of 18) on fiscal year-end date?

  1. Male
  2. Female
  3. Gender diverse

9. As of fiscal year-end date, how many years has the most experienced operator on this operation managed a farm business?

Managing refers to controlling the decisions to produce and invest in a farm business. 

If you are the only operator, please enter your years of experience managing a farm.

Years managing a farm business

10. On fiscal year-end date, how many members were in the operator's family?

Please choose one operator (if there are more operators than just yourself), plus the operator's spouse or partner and all kids who live on the farm or whose address is still that of the farm.

Exclude operator's parents and siblings.

Number of people in operator's family

Legal operating arrangement

11. On fiscal year-end date, what was the legal operating arrangement of this operation?
Note: Press the help button (?) for additional information.

  1. Sole proprietorship
  2. Corporation (Corp.), Incorporated (Inc.), Limited (Ltd.) or Company (Co.) 
    What was the family's percent ownership of this operation?
  3. Partnership
    What was the family's percent ownership of this operation?
  4. Cooperative and communal operations
    e.g. Hutterite colonies even if they are incorporated
  5. Other legal operating arrangement
    e.g. joint venture, trust

Method of accounting

12. Which method of accounting does this operation use to report farm revenue and expenses?

  1. Cash
    Revenue (income) is reported for the fiscal period in which it is received. Expenses are reported for the fiscal period in which they are paid.
  2. Accrual
    Revenue (income) is reported for the fiscal period in which it is earned, no matter when it is received. Expenses are reported for the fiscal period in which they are incurred, whether or not they have been paid.
  3. Don't know

Major source of gross revenue

13. In 2025, which of the following was this operation's major source of gross revenue?

Major source of gross revenue usually accounts for more than 50% of total revenues.

  1. Crop production
    e.g., greenhouses, grains and oilseeds, potatoes, berries, vegetables, fruits, flowers, Christmas trees, vineyards, tobacco, maple syrup, combination crop farming, other crops
  2. Dairy cattle and milk production
    Exclude goat milk (see Sheep and goat farming), raising dairy herd replacement (see Beef cattle ranching and farming).
  3. Beef cattle ranching and farming, including feedlots
    Include animals owned by the operation, as well as custom and contract feeding.
  4. Hog and pig farming
    Include animals owned by the operation, as well as custom and contract feeding.
  5. Poultry and egg production
    Include eggs, chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, quails, pheasants, emus, ostriches, and guinea fowls.
  6. Sheep and goat farming
    Include sheep, goats and lamb for meat, feedlots, goat milk production, wool and mohair production.
  7. Other animal production
    e.g., bee-keeping and honey production, horses and other equine, rabbits and other fur animals, bison, venison, llamas, combination animal farming, other livestock 
  8. Other
    Specify other source of gross revenue

14. In 2025, which of the following was the main source of gross revenue for crops?

The main source of gross revenue within the crops group may be less than 50% of total revenues.

  1. Greenhouse
    e.g., vegetables, mushrooms, herbs, nursery and, or floriculture products grown under cover
  2. Nursery or floriculture products not grown under cover
    Include Christmas trees, flowers, mushrooms grown outdoors and sod operation.
  3. Grains and oilseeds
    e.g., wheat, oats, peas, beans, lentils, mustard, flaxseed, canola, grain corn, soybeans, forage seeds, mixed grains
  4. Potatoes
  5. Field vegetables and melons
    e.g., sweet corn and pumpkins
    Exclude greenhouse crops.
  6. Fruits
    Include tree fruits, berries, grapes, and vineyards.
  7. Miscellaneous
    e.g., tobacco, maple syrup, herbs and spices, bulbs, hay, alfalfa for hay, ginseng, sugar beets

15. In 2025, what was the major source of beef revenue?

  • Custom or contract fed cattle
  • Cattle owned by this operation

16. In 2025, which of the following was the main source of gross revenue for cattle owned by this operation?

The main source of gross revenue within the beef group may be less than 50% of total revenues.

  1. Cow-calf operation
    e.g., calves are sold quickly, usually by fall
  2. Cow-yearling operation
    e.g., calves kept over winter and sold to another operation or feedlot
  3. Cow-finish operation
    e.g., calves raised all year, and kept over for another winter, fattened following fall, and sold for slaughter
  4. Backgrounding and feeder operation
    e.g., cattle confined in paddocks, diet predominantly hay or silage with a little grain as a supplement
  5. Feedlot operation
    e.g., grain-fed to finished weight; include veal
  6. Other cattle owned
    e.g., raising of cattle for dairy herd replacements, raising beef cattle herd replacement, grazer operations, other cattle operations

17. In 2025, which of the following was the main source of gross revenue for custom or contract cattle?

The main source of gross revenue within the beef group may be less than 50% of total revenues.

  1. Custom grazer operation
    e.g., cattle are grazed on land operated by this operation
  2. Custom feeder operation
    e.g., this operation provides feed, receives a fee to feed cattle until they are ready to be finished in a feedlot
  3. Custom feedlot operation
    e.g., this operation provides feed, receives a fee for finishing animals; include veal
  4. Custom - other
  5. Contract feeder operation
    e.g., animals and feed provided by client, this operation paid a fee to feed cattle until they are ready to be finished in a feedlot
  6. Contract feedlot operation
    e.g., animals and feed provided by client, farm paid a fee to finish animals; include veal
  7. Contract - other
    e.g., a client provides animals and feed to this operation

18. In 2025, which of the following was the main source of gross revenue for hogs?

The main source of gross revenue within the hogs group may be less than 50% of total revenues.

  1. Feeder operation
  2. Farrowing operation
  3. Farrow to finishing operation
  4. Feeder to finishing operation
  5. Finishing operation
  6. Contract - farrowing operation
  7. Contract - feeder operation
  8. Contract - finishing operation
  9. Other

19. In 2025, which of the following was the main source of gross revenue for poultry?

The main source of gross revenue within the poultry group may be less than 50% of total revenues.

  1. Layers operation
    e.g., poultry are kept for egg production
  2. Roasters operation
    e.g., birds weighing about 3.2 kg (kilogram) live weight; sold for meat
  3. Broilers operation
    e.g., birds weighing about 1.7 to 2.2 kg (kilogram) live weight; sold for meat
  4. Hatchlings operation
    Include eggs for hatchling.
  5. Turkeys operation – all categories
  6. Starter pullets operation
    e.g., small chicks are raised until they are ready to lay eggs and then are sold to layer operations
  7. Contract – poultry
    e.g., animals and feed provided by a client and this operation paid a fee to raise the animals
  8. Other poultry
    e.g., geese, ducks, pheasants, quails, ostriches, emus, guinea fowls

Unit of measure

20. What unit of measure will be used to report land areas?

The unit of measure chosen here will be used in subsequent questions.

Acres

Hectares

Arpents

Land use

21. In 2025, did this operation own land (workable and non-workable)?

Include: 

  • Crown land and all land owned by this operation whether or not it is used for farming
  • all land owned whether or not some is used by other individuals or operations.

Exclude land owned by others even if used by this operation.

  1. Yes
    How many acres, hectares or arpents did this operation own in 2025?
  2. No

22. In 2025, was any of the land owned by this operation rented by others?

Include land rented, leased or used by other individuals or operations with or without written agreement or payment.

  1. Yes
    How many acres, hectares or arpents owned by this operation were rented by others in 2025?
  2. No

23. In 2025, did this operation rent any land owned by others?

Include land owned by other individuals or operations, rented, leased or used with or without a written agreement or payment.

  1. Yes
    How many acres, hectares or arpents owned by others were rented by this operation in 2025?
  2. No

24. In 2025, what was the total area of cropland operated by this farm business?

Include:

  • cropland rented or leased from others
  • tame hay, potatoes, field crops, tree fruits or nuts, berries or grapes, vegetables, seed, sod, greenhouse or nursery products, mushrooms, Christmas trees, fodder crops, etc.

Exclude:

  • cropland rented to others
  • summerfallow, improved and unimproved pasture, woodlands.

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

Total area of cropland operated

Cropland

25. In 2025, what was the estimated market value of a(n) acre, hectare or arpent of cropland?

Market value is the estimated price at which the land would sell for today.

26. In 2025, did this operation rent any cropland from others?

Exclude land rented for pasture.

  1. Yes
    What was the average rental price per acre, hectare or arpent for the cropland this operation rented, excluding buildings?
    Please provide your best estimate.
  2. No

Capital investments

27. In 2025, which of the following types of farm machinery and equipment did this operation purchase or lease?

Include new and used equipment.

Exclude short-term rentals and repairs and replacement parts (these are operating expenses).

Select all that apply.

  • Cars used in the farm business
    e.g., coupes, sedans, vans
  • Trucks used in the farm business
    e.g., pick-up trucks, semi-trailers, dump trucks
  • Other equipment used for transportation
    e.g., livestock trailers, equipment trailers, All-terrain vehicle (ATVs), snowmobiles
  • Grain drying equipment
  • Tractors of various types
    e.g., forklifts, Bobcats, payloaders
  • Harvesting machinery
    e.g., combines, corn pickers, forage harvesters, potato harvesters
  • Seeding equipment
    e.g., air seeders, seed drills, planters
  • Other machinery and equipment
    e.g., computers and communication materials, processing equipment, balers, manure and fertilizer spreaders
    OR
  • No investments in machinery or equipment made

28. In 2025, what was the amount of money invested for the following farm machinery and equipment (purchased or leased)?

Report the full purchase or lease price before trade-in or down payment.

Exclude:

  • monthly payments for purchased or leased machinery
  • repair and maintenance expenses.

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

Cars used in the farm business

  • a. New, purchased
  • b. New, leased
  • c. Used, purchased
  • d. Used, leased

Trucks used in the farm business

  • e. New, purchased
  • f. New, leased
  • g. Used, purchased
  • h. Used, leased 

Other equipment used for transportation

  • i. New, purchased
  • j. New, leased
  • k. Used, purchased
  • l. Used, leased

Grain drying equipment

  • m. New, purchased
  • n. New, leased
  • o. Used, purchased
  • p. Used, leased

Tractors of various types

  • q. New, purchased
  • r. New, leased
  • s. Used, purchased
  • t. Used, leased

Harvesting machinery

  • u. New, purchased
  • v. New, leased
  • w. Used, purchased
  • x. Used, leased

Seeding equipment

  • y. New, purchased
  • z. New, leased
  • aa. Used, purchased
  • ab. Used, leased 

Other machinery and equipment

  • ac. New, purchased
  • ad. New, leased
  • ae. Used, purchased
  • af. Used, leased

29. In 2025, did this operation invest any money in farm improvements or other assets?
Include:

  • farm real estate
  • construction and renovation
  • land improvements (including trees and shrubs)
  • barn equipment
  • breeding and replacement livestock
  • other assets purchased by the farm business, e.g., land and buildings other than farmland, stocks, bonds, Guaranteed Investment Certificate (GIC), co-op shares, etc.

Exclude:

  • repairs and replacement parts (these are operating expenses)
  • personal asset purchases.
  1. Yes
  2. No

30. In 2025, what was the amount of money invested for the following?

Exclude:

  • Goods and Services Tax (GST), Provincial Sales Tax (PST), Harmonized Sales Tax (HST), Quebec Sales Tax (QST)
  • repairs and replacement parts (these are operating expenses).
    Enter "0", if there is no value to report.
  • a. Farm real estate purchased
    Exclude quota (to be reported below in option "g").
  • b. Construction and renovation of building and other structures
    e.g., barns, feed storage, machine sheds, manure storage
  • c. Construction or renovation of farm houses
  • d. Barn equipment
    e.g., robot milkers
  • e. Land improvements
    e.g., shelterbelts, windbreaks, buffer strips or fences for waterway protection, irrigation, orchard planting, draining, clearing of land
    Exclude fees paid to consultants (which are considered operating expenses).
  • f. Breeding and replacement livestock intended to be on the farm for more than one year
    Include bulls, dairy cows, beef cows, boars, sows, bred gilts, rams, ewes, replacement lambs, goats for milk or hair.
    Exclude:
    • poultry
    • breeding feed, e.g., artificial insemination—to be reported as operating expenses.
  • g. Quota purchased separately from other assets
  • h. All other assets purchased by the farm business
    e.g., land and buildings other than farmland, stocks, bonds, co-op shares, GICs (Guaranteed Investment Certificate)
    Exclude Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) and other personal investments.
    Specify all other assets purchased by the farm business 

31. In 2025, how much money did this operation receive from government programs (both federal and provincial) to reduce the cost of any capital investment made to increase environmental performance, including energy efficiency?

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

Capital Sales

32. In 2025, did this operation sell or trade-in any of the following assets?

Select all that apply.

  • Farmland and farm buildings
    Exclude quota (to be reported in option "Quota sold separately from other assets").
  • Farm machinery and equipment (traded-in or sold outright)
    Include cars and trucks used in the farm business.
  • Quota sold separately from other assets
  • Breeding and replacement livestock
    Exclude culls for slaughter and poultry
  • All other farm assets sold
    e.g., land and buildings other than farmland and farm buildings owned by this operation, stocks, bonds, wheat pool or co-op shares
    Exclude RRSPs (Registered Retirement Savings Plan) and other personal assets sold
    OR
  • No sales of assets were made

33. In 2025, what was the selling price for the following?

Exclude GST (Goods and Services Tax), PST (Provincial Sales Tax), HST (Harmonized Sales Tax), and QST (Quebec Sales Tax).

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

  • a. Farmland and farm buildings
    Exclude quota (to be reported in option "c").
  • b. Farm machinery and equipment (traded-in or sold outright)
    Include cars and trucks used in the farm business.
  • c. Quota sold separately from other assets
  • d. Breeding and replacement livestock
    Exclude culls for slaughter and poultry.
  • e. All other farm assets sold
    e.g., land and buildings other than farmland and farm buildings owned by this operation, stocks, bonds, wheat pool or co-op shares
    Exclude RRSPs (Registered Retirement Savings Plan) and other personal assets sold.
    Specify all other farm assets sold 

Farm assets of this operation

34. In 2025, did this operation own any livestock?

Include all poultry, all livestock and other animals owned by this farm operation.

Exclude all contract poultry and livestock not owned by this operation.

  1. Yes
  2. No

35. What was the estimated market value of the following livestock and poultry of this operation on the fiscal year-end date?

Market value is the estimated price at which the assets would sell for today.

Exclude:

  • assets not from this operation
  • contract livestock
  • quota (to be reported in question 37c).

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

If precise figures are not available, please provide your best estimates

Market value of livestock and poultry assets

  • a. Breeding, replacement and other livestock not considered market livestock
    i.e., expected to be on the operation for more than one year
    Include all livestock and fur animals for breeding or replacement purposes, e.g., bred gilts, bison, boars, bulls, cows, ewes, fur animals, goats for milk or hair, heifers for replacement, honey bees, lambs for replacement, llamas, ostriches, race and riding horses, rams, sows.
  • b. Market livestock and poultry
    i.e., expected to be on the operation for less than one year
    Include all poultry (including layers and chicks), calves, culls, goats for meat, heifers for slaughter or feeding, lambs for slaughter, pigs (excluding boars and sows), steers, etc.

36. What was the estimated market value of the following short-term assets of this operation on the fiscal year-end date?

Market value is the estimated price at which the assets would sell for today.

Exclude: assets not from this operation

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

If precise figures are not available, please provide your best estimates.

Short-term farm assets (less than one year)

  • a. Accounts receivable
    i.e., the amount outstanding on the fiscal year-end date for crops or livestock previously sold, deferred grain tickets, program payments, custom work and taxes receivable
    Include only those monies that are to be received within 12 months of this operation's fiscal year-end date. 
  • b. Cash and short-term investments of this operation (less than one year)
    e.g., stocks, bonds, GICs (Guaranteed Investments Certificate) or co-op shares
    Exclude personal assets and AgriInvest balance.
  • c. Inventory—Supplies on hand (inputs) such as feed, fertilizer, fuel, seed, chemicals, etc.
    Include any crops which were harvested or purchased that are not destined for market and instead are to be used in the farm business, e.g., silage, straw, hay, grain. 
  • d. Stored inventory—Crops not yet sold
    Include all harvested and stored crops destined for market e.g., potatoes, grains and oilseeds, hay etc.
  • e. All other short-term farm assets
    Include prepaid expenses (for chemicals, feed, fertilizer, seed, soil, etc.), the short-term portion of notes receivable, value of unsold livestock products, e.g., eggs, milk, pelts.
    Specify all other short-term farm assets

37. What was the estimated market value of the following long-term assets of this operation on the fiscal year-end date?

Market value is the estimated price at which the assets would sell for today.

Exclude assets not from this operation

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

If precise figures are not available, please provide your best estimates.

Long-term farm assets (more than one year)

  • a. Market value of all farmland and buildings owned
    Include barns, farmhouses, all farmland owned, greenhouses, mushroom houses, grain bins, machine shops, silos, storage sheds, sugar bush, woodlots, farrowing houses, feeding and milking equipment.
    Exclude leased farmland and buildings and the value of quota. 
  • b. Market value of all machinery and equipment owned
    Include cars and trucks used for the farm business, combines, computers and office equipment, cultivators, feeding equipment, moveable irrigation equipment, small tools, tractors, etc.
    Exclude leased machinery.
  • c. Market value of quota
  • d. Long-term investments of this operation (one year or more)
    e.g., stocks, bonds, long-term mutual funds co-op shares, GICs (Guaranteed Investment Certificates) 
    Exclude RRSPs (Registered Retirement Savings Plan) and other personal assets and AgriInvest balance.
  • e. All other long-term farm assets
    Include:
    • grain condominiums
    • off-farm site warehouses
    • land and buildings (other than farmland and buildings of this operation reported above)
    • assets of a subsidiary company or shares of another operation
    • house owned by this operation (not owned personally by an operator)
    • the long-term portion of notes receivable
      Specify all other long-term farm assets

38. You have indicated owning farmland and buildings. What was the respective market value of each of the following assets on the fiscal year-end date? 

Market value is the estimated price at which the assets would sell for today. 

Exclude farmland and buildings not owned from this operation. 

Long-term farm assets (more than one year)

  • a. Market value of all farmland owned
    Include all farmland owned and woodlots.
  • b. Market value of all buildings owned
    Include barns, farmhouses, greenhouses, mushroom houses, grain bins, machine shops, silos, storage sheds, sugar shack, farrowing houses, feeding and milking equipment. 

Farm debt outstanding

39. On this operation's fiscal year-end date, did this operation have any long-term debts?

Long-term debts are liabilities your operation owes that are payable after more than one year past this operation's fiscal year-end date.

Include:

  • mortgages
  • outstanding loans
  • outstanding payments to suppliers
  • balance owing on operating lines of credit
  • money borrowed from family
  • money owed to government agencies or departments.

Exclude:

  • personal or other business debt not associated with this farming operation
  • leased machinery.
  1. Yes
  2. No

40. On this operation's fiscal year-end date, what was the amount of your operation's long-term debt to the following?

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

  • a. Banks, caisses populaires, credit unions, trust companies, treasury branches
  • b. Farm Credit Canada (FCC)
  • c. Machinery and supply companies or feed companies
    e.g., accounts payable, breeder-hatchery operation, heating fuel
  • d. Family members or private individuals
  • e. Provincial government agencies
    e.g., agriculture credit or lending agencies, farm loan boards
  • h. All other long-term farm debt
    e.g., long-term notes due
    Specify all other long-term farm debt

41. On this operation's fiscal year-end date, did this operation have any short-term debts?

Short-term debts are liabilities that need to be paid by your operation by a year after your fiscal year end date.

Short-term debt includes short-term portion of long-term debt.

Include:

  • short term portion of the mortgages
  • outstanding loans
  • outstanding payments to suppliers
  • balance owing on operating lines of credit
  • money borrowed from family
  • money owed to government agencies or departments.

Exclude:

  • personal or other business debt not associated with this farming operation
  • leased machinery.
  1. Yes
  2. No

42. On this operation's fiscal year-end date, what was the amount of your operation's short-term debt to the following?

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

  • a. Banks, caisses populaires, credit unions, trust companies, treasury branches or credit card debt 
    Include balance owing on credit cards and operating lines of credit; not the credit limit. 
  • b. Farm Credit Canada (FCC)
  • c. Advance Payments Program (APP)
  • d. Machinery and supply companies or feed companies
    e.g., accounts payable, breeder-hatchery operation, heating fuel
  • e. Family members or private individuals
  • f. Provincial government agencies
    e.g., agriculture credit or lending agencies, farm loan boards
  • g. All other short-term farm debt
    e.g., short-term notes due
    Specify all other short-term farm debt

43. The amount reported in provincial government agencies (Question 40e) may have been obtained through a financial institution, but guaranteed by the provincial government. Please confirm the lender.

  1. Bank, caisse populaire, credit union, trust company or treasury branch
  2. Provincial government

Custom or contract feeding

44. In 2025, did this operation custom or contract feed any livestock or poultry for others?

Custom or contract feeding is where livestock or poultry are fed and raised by the operation for somebody else.

Include custom or contract grazing.

Exclude animals owned by this operation.

  1. Yes
  2. No

45. In 2025, of this operation's total gross farm revenue, how much was from custom or contract feeding?

Include revenue received for the total number of livestock and poultry custom or contract fed or grazed for the whole year.

Exclude animals owned by this operation.

Enter "0" if there is no value to report.

46. Please indicate the types of livestock and poultry custom or contract fed in 2025.

Select all that apply.

  • a. Cattle
  • b. Hogs
  • c. Layers
  • d. Broilers or roasters
  • e. Turkeys
  • f. Horses
  • g. Other

47. Please indicate the total number of livestock and poultry custom or contract fed in 2025.

Include all cycles.

Exclude animals owned by the operation.

  • a. Cattle
  • b. Hogs
  • c. Layers 
  • d. Broilers or roasters
  • e. Turkeys
  • f. Horses
  • g. Other

Wages and salaries

48. In 2025, what was this operation's total expense for wages and salaries?

Include:

  • wages paid to farm operators
  • all employee benefits
  • wages paid to family members (including spouse and children)
  • room and board expenses
  • employer contributions for Worker's Compensation, Employment Insurance (EI), Canada Pension Plan (CPP) or Quebec Pension Plan (QPP).

Exclude dividends paid to shareholders.

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

49. Of the $X total wages and salaries, how much was paid to the following?

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

a. Family

If this operation has more than one operator, report for one operator and that operator's family.

Include:

  • wages and salaries paid to the operator's spouse or common-law partner and to their children residing in the same dwelling
  • employer contributions for Worker's Compensation, EI (Employment Insurance), CPP (Canada Pension Plan), QPP (Quebec Pension Plan).

Exclude wages and salaries paid to hired workers not in the family, family not residing in the same dwelling and any withdrawals from owner's equity.

b. Hired help

Include:

  • employer contributions for Worker's Compensation, EI (Employment Insurance), CPP (Canada Pension Plan), QPP (Quebec Pension Plan)
  • room and board expenses.

Exclude:

  • wages and salaries paid to operators and members of the operators' family
  • consultant expenses, e.g., lawyer, agronomist and all other technical expertise
  • accounting expenses
  • custom or contract workers
  • persons (shareholders) who only received dividends from this operation.

Farm operating revenue

50. In 2025, what was the total gross farm revenue (before expenses) of this operation?

Include:

  • revenues from custom and contract feeding reported previously
  • revenue from sales of breeding and replacement livestock
  • total program payments
  • the sale of agricultural products, custom and contract work
  • agri-tourism.

Exclude:

  • the sale of land and buildings, machinery, equipment, financial assets, and quota (capital gains)
  • the value of inventory adjustments
  • goods purchased for resale.

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

51. In 2025, of the $X total gross farm revenue, how much was from the following?

The following selected revenue items may not add to the amount reported in the previous question.

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

  • a. Sale of grains, oilseeds, pulse crops and forage seeds
  • b. Sale of horticulture products
    Include potatoes, fruits, vegetables, greenhouse products, nursery products, sod, mushrooms, Christmas trees, vineyard sales, hay, tobacco, maple syrup, herbs and spices, ginseng, sugar beets, flowers for drying, etc.
    Exclude products purchased for resale.
  • c. Sale of cattle
    Include breeding and replacement livestock.
  • d. Sale of pigs
    Include breeding and replacement livestock.
  • e. Sale of poultry
    Include eggs, chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, quails, pheasants, emus, ostriches, and guinea fowls.
  • f. Sale of milk, cream and other dairy products
    Exclude goat and sheep milk (to be reported in option "i").
  • g. Total amount received for program payments
    Include AgriInsurance (also known as provincial crop or production insurance), AgriStability, other direct program payments, rebates e.g., hail insurance, rebates on fuel and property tax, farm GST (Goods and Services Tax) or HST (Harmonized Sales Tax) refund, subsidies, Assurance stabilisation des revenus agricoles (ASRA), etc.
    Exclude AgriInvest.
  • h. Agricultural custom or contract work and machine rentals
    Exclude amounts for custom or contract feeding.
  • i. All other farm revenue
    e.g., honey, aquaculture, goat products, sheep products, other livestock, boarding, training and sale of horses, fur and wool, sales of wood, land rentals, patronage dividends, agri-tourism

Farm operating expenses

52. In 2025, what were the total farm operating expenses?

Include wages and salaries previously reported.

Exclude:

  • the purchase of capital assets (capital investments)
  • depreciation of capital assets (capital cost allowance)
  • amortization
  • the value of inventory adjustments.

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

53. In 2025, what were the farm operating expenses for the following?

The following selected expenses will not necessarily sum to the amount reported in the previous question.

Enter "0", if there is no value to report.

  • a. Fertilizer and lime
  • b. Herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, etc.
  • c. Seed and plants
    Exclude materials purchased for resale.
  • d. Feed, supplements and hay
  • e. Fuel for machinery, trucks and automobiles
    Include only the farm business share of amounts paid.
  • f. Total interest paid on farm debt
    Exclude payments on the principal.
  • g. Land rentals
    Include money paid to shareholders.
  • h. Heating fuel
    Include only the farm business portion of amounts paid.
  • i. Electricity
    Include only the farm business portion of amounts paid.

Financial information for sources other than this operation

Important

The purpose of the following questions is to assess the reliance of farm operators on non-farm activities for income.

When answering these questions, please refer only to off-farm incomes that are not related to this operation.

54. In 2025, what was the family's income from the following sources?

Refer to the T1 and T4 forms of all members of the operator's family (if possible).

Note: Press the help button (?) for additional information, including the definition of family.

  • a. Employment Income from sources other than this operation (before deductions)
    See T1 lines 101 and 104.
  • b. Net self-employment income from sources other than this operation
    Include business (T1 line 135), professional (T1 line 137), commission (T1 line 139), and fishing (T1 line 143) income.
  • c. Investment Income from sources other than this operation
    Include interest and other investment income (T1 line 121), taxable capital gains (T1 line 127), dividends received (T1 lines 120 and 122), and net rental income from other real estate (T1 line 126).
  • d. Pensions
    Include CPP (Canada Pension Plan) or QPP (Quebec Pension Plan) (T1 line 114), Old Age Security (OAS) (T1 line 113), Retirement Income Fund (RIF's) (T1 line 115), RRSP (Registered Retirement Savings Plan) withdrawals (T1 line 129), and Registered Pension Plans (RPPs).
  • e. Other income from Government programs for families or individuals
    e.g., Canada Child Benefit, GST (Good and Services Tax) or HST (Harmonized Sales Tax) credits, Employment Insurance (EI) (T1 line 119), Working Income Tax Benefit
    Exclude any payments for farm programs.
  • f. Other net income not from this operation (after expenses)
    e.g., income from another farm operation or business not related to this operation, oil lease rights, wind turbines, solar panels

Risk management

55. Based on your experience over the last 5 years, how would you rate each of the following risks faced by this operation?

a. Weather

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

b. Crop insects, pests and diseases

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

c. Livestock diseases

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

d. Commodity prices

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

e. Input prices

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

f. Interest rates on loans

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

g. Border closures or access to markets

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

h. Exchange rate
Value of Canadian dollar

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

i. Government policies, programs and regulations

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

j. Labour

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

Government-funded risk management programs—AgriInvest

56. In 2025, did this operation participate in the AgriInvest program?

AgriInvest is a self-managed producer-government savings account that allows producers to set money aside which can be used to recover from small income shortfalls or to make investments to reduce on-farm risks.

Participant is defined as “The holder of an AgriInvest Account”.

  1. Yes
  2. No
  3. Not eligible

57. In 2025, did this operation deposit into or withdraw money from AgriInvest?

Please refer to this operation's 2025 AgriInvest Annual Statement of Account.

  1. Yes
  2. No

58. In 2025, what were this operation's total AgriInvest deposits?

Please refer to this operation's 2025 AgriInvest Annual Statement of Account.

Exclude government contributions.

59. In 2025, what were this operation's total AgriInvest withdrawals?

Please refer to this operation's 2025 AgriInvest Annual Statement of Account.

60. In 2025, what were the AgriInvest withdrawals used for?

Select all that apply.

  1. To address a revenue decline
    e.g., lost production or decreased prices
  2. To pay for farm input expenses
    e.g., seed, pesticides, fertilizer, feed, livestock purchases
  3. To cover general farm expenses
    e.g., salaries and wages, rent for land and equipment, insurance, farm share of utilities, marketing
  4. To make capital investments in the farm
    e.g., land, buildings, machinery, vehicles used in farming
  5. To cover machinery expenses
    e.g., fuel, repairs, licenses and insurance for machinery and motor vehicles
  6. To make payments on farm debt
    e.g., charges, interest and principal payments to a financial institution, to an input supplier
  7. Other non-farm uses
    e.g., travel, pay home mortgage or loans not related to farming, education, vehicles not related to farming
    Specify all other non-farm uses

61. What were the ending balances in this operation's AgriInvest account as of this operation's fiscal year-end date?

Please refer to this operation's 2025 AgriInvest Annual Statement of Account.

  1. Balance in Fund 1 (operator's deposits) 
  2. Balance in Fund 2 (government contributions)

62. In 2025, which of the following reasons describe why this operation did not participate in the AgriInvest program?

Select all that apply.

  1. Program benefits are too limited
  2. Use other tools or programs to manage risks
  3. Getting out of farming (or retiring)
  4. Did not see a benefit
  5. Lack of information
  6. Not eligible
  7. Other
    Specify other reasons

63. Based on your experience, how would you rate your level of satisfaction of the following characteristics of the Agrilnvest program?

a. Delivery

Administrators communicate effectively, respond to program changes in a timely way, are accurate in processing claims, etc.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

b. Timeliness
Time it takes to assess the eligible amount and to receive government contribution.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

c. Responsiveness
Effective in helping you recover small income losses or make on-farm investments.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

d. Predictability
Likelihood of payments and the dollar amount are predictable.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

Government-funded risk management programs—AgriStability

64. In which of the following years did this operation participate in AgriStability?

Participant is defined as “A producer that has paid the fee to confirm participation in the Program year.”

AgriStability provides support when you experience a large margin decline.

Select all that apply.

  • 2025
  • 2024
  • 2023
  • 2022
    OR
  • Did not participate
    OR
  • Not eligible

65. In 2025, which of the following reasons describe why this operation did not participate in the AgriStability program?

Select all that apply.

  1. Program is complex or our operation is too small (might require an accountant)
  2. Amount of program benefits is unpredictable
  3. Program fees are relatively high
  4. Use other tools or programs to manage risks
  5. Payments are not timely
  6. Getting out of farming (or retiring)
  7. Other
    Specify other reasons

66. Based on your experience, how would you rate your level of satisfaction of the following characteristics of the AgriStability program?

a. Delivery
Administrators communicate effectively, respond to program changes in a timely way, are accurate in processing claims, etc.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

b. Timeliness
Time it takes to assess the eligible amount and to receive government contribution.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

c. Responsiveness
Effective in helping you recover small income losses or make on-farm investments.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

d. Predictability
Likelihood of payments and the dollar amount are predictable.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

67. Do you intend to enroll in the 2026 AgriStability program?

  1. Yes
  2. No
    What are the reasons?
    Select all that apply.
    1. Amount of program benefits is unpredictable
    2. Program fees are relatively high
    3. Use other tools or programs to manage risks
    4. Payments are not timely
    5. Getting out of farming (or retiring)
    6. Other
      Specify other reasons

Government-funded risk management programs—AgriInsurance

68. In which of the following years did this operation participate in AgriInsurance (also known as provincial crop insurance or production insurance)?

AgriInsurance is a federal-provincial-producer cost-shared program that stabilizes a producer's income by minimizing the economic effects of production losses caused by natural hazards. AgriInsurance is a provincially delivered program.

Select all that apply.

  1. 2025
  2. 2024
  3. 2023
  4. 2022
    OR
  5. Did not participate
    OR
  6. Not eligible

69. In 2025, which of the following reasons describe why this operation did not participate in the AgriInsurance program?

Select all that apply.

  1. Production coverage options are not clear
  2. Commodity specific plans (including coverage levels) are inadequate or not available
  3. Program benefits are unpredictable
  4. Premium costs are too high
  5. Use other tools or programs to manage risks
  6. Payments are too infrequent
  7. Getting out of farming (or retiring)
  8. Other
    Specify other reasons

70. Based on your experience, how would you rate your level of satisfaction of the following characteristics of the AgriInsurance program?

a. Delivery
Administrators communicate effectively, respond to program changes in a timely way, are accurate in processing claims, etc.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

b. Timeliness
Time it takes to assess the eligible amount and to receive government contribution.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

c. Responsiveness
The effectiveness of the coverage in helping you recover from production losses.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

d. Predictability
Likelihood of payments and the dollar amount are predictable.

  • Very satisfied
  • Somewhat satisfied
  • Somewhat dissatisfied
  • Very dissatisfied
  • Not Applicable

Government-funded risk management programs—Advance Payments Program (APP)

71. Has this operation ever participated in the Advance Payments Program (APP)?

Advance Payments Program (APP) is a federal loan guarantee program which provides agricultural producers with easy access to low-interest cash advances.

  1. Yes
    How much was the last advance for this operation?
    • a. $100,000 or under
    • b. $100,001 to $200,000
    • c. $200,001 to $300,000
    • d. $300,001 to $400,000
    • e. $400,001 to $500,000
    • f. $500,001 to $1,000,000
      Why did this operation receive this amount?
      Select all that apply
      1. Only requested an interest-free advance
      2. Amount was required to meet cash-flow needs
      3. Not eligible to receive more
      4. Other
        Specify other reason
  2. No
  3. Not eligible

72. Why did this operation borrow money through the Advance Payments Program (APP)?

Select all that apply.

  1. To manage my inventory to maximize sales revenue
  2. Terms for APP loans (e.g., interest rates, repayment terms) are attractive compared to other financing options
  3. APP loans are effective in helping manage cash flow of my operation
  4. Other
    Specify other reasons

73. In 2025, did this operation participate in the Advance Payments Program (APP)?

  1. Yes
  2. No

74. Will this operation participate in the Advance Payments Program (APP) in coming years?

  1. Yes
  2. No
    What are the reasons? 
    Select all that apply
    • a. This operation has other means of managing cash flow
    • b. Other lenders have more beneficial terms or services
    • c. Don't know enough about the APP
    • d. The size of the loan doesn't reflect this operation's needs
    • e. Conditions for advances (e.g., repayment terms, interest rate) are not attractive
    • f. Other
      Specify other reasons
  3. Don't know

Private risk management strategies

75. In 2025, which of the following tools or programs did the operation use to manage business risks?

Select all that apply.

  1. Livestock Price Insurance (LPI)
  2. Maritime Livestock Price Insurance Pilot Program (MLPIPP)
  3. Futures Market Hedging or Options
  4. Private Insurance
    e.g., livestock mortality, hail insurance
  5. Canadian Agricultural Loans Act
  6. Price pooling tools
    e.g., grain pools; exclude supply-managed marketing boards
  7. Deliverables Insurance
    i.e., for non payment on delivery
  8. Production or marketing contracts with buyers, processors, seed companies, etc.
    Exclude supply-managed commodities, futures contracts and options.
    OR
  9. None of the above

Risk management

76. For your operation, how important are each of the following government-funded risk management programs in providing an effective means of managing business risk and disaster situations (caused by weather, low commodity prices, etc.) at your farm operation?

a. AgriInvest

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

b. AgriStability

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

c. AgriInsurance

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

d. Advance Payments Program (or Cash Advance Program)

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

77. For your operation, how important are each of the following strategies in providing an effective means of managing business risk and disaster situations (caused by weather, low commodity prices, etc.) at your farm operation?

a. Make use of market-based or private risk management tools (production or marketing contracts, hedging, options, private insurance)

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

b. Livestock Price Insurance (LPI)

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

c. Maritime Livestock Price Insurance Pilot Program (MLPIPP)

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

d. Diversification of farm production

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

e. Off-farm income or other income sources

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

f. Other

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

78. You've indicated there were other risk management tools or strategies providing effective means of managing business risk and disaster situations (caused by weather, low commodity prices, etc.) at your farm operation. What are these other risk management tools or strategies?

79. How has this operation's Business Risk Management (BRM) strategy shifted in the last five years?

BRM (Business Risk Management) programs include AgriInvest, AgriStability, AgriInsurance and the Advance Payments Program.

  1. No major shift
  2. Rely more on BRM programs than before
  3. Rely less on BRM programs and more on private risk management tools
  4. Rely less on both BRM programs and private risk management tools and more on on-farm mitigation strategies (e.g., diversification)

80. In recent years, how much of a role did Business Risk Management (BRM) programs play in this operation's investment decisions?

BRM (Business Risk Management) programs include AgriInvest, AgriStability, AgriInsurance and the Advance Payments Program.

  1. No role
  2. Minor role
  3. Moderate role
  4. Large role
  5. Very large role

On-farm innovation

The following questions will assist in improving policies and programs that foster innovation in the sector. Information on current practices will be very helpful.

Innovation means implementing a new or significantly improved product, practice or process on your farming operation. Innovations must be new to your operation but need not be new to the industry.

81. In the last three years, 2023 to 2025, did this operation implement any of the following new or significantly improved products or practices?

New or significantly improved product, practices or process means any innovation you've adopted to your operation. The innovation must be new to your operation, but not necessarily new to the industry.

a. Crop products
e.g., crop varieties, cultivars or hybrids

  1. Yes
  2. No

b. Livestock products
e.g., types or breeds raised

  1. Yes
  2. No

c. Production practices

For example:

  • feed management, animal housing, manure storage and treatment, livestock handling, grazing, biosecurity, other animal health and productivity practices
  • seeding or planting, rotations, fertilizer or manure application, pest management, irrigation, harvesting, crop storage, using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, other soil, land or crop improvement practices
  • water management, organic farming, halal and other production practices
  • precision agriculture using sensors and drones, AI (artificial intelligence)-based pest detection, autonomous robots and unmanned machines (harvesting, weeding, spraying, etc), regenerative farming techniques
  1. Yes
  2. No

d. Approaches to marketing

e.g., types of contracts, futures, options, direct marketing, AI-powered market analysis tools, blockchain for supply chain transparency, digital platforms for direct-to-consumer sales

  1. Yes
  2. No

e. Business management practices

e.g., approaches to labour requirements, business ownership or partnerships, ways of acquiring inputs, new processing activities, farm management software with AI analytics, automated accounting systems, cloud-based inventory management

  1. Yes
  2. No

Best management practices

The questions in this section focus on hay field or pasture composition.

82. In 2025, did this operation maintain any hay fields or pastures?

  1. Yes
    How many acres, hectares or arpents of hay fields or pastures did you operate?
    Include hay fields or pastures rented from others.
    Exclude hay fields or pastures on farmland rented to others.
  2. No

83. In 2025, did any of your hay fields or pastures include the following legumes or quality forages?

Select all that apply.

  • Alfalfa
  • Tannin containing legumes
    e.g., sainfoin or cicer milkvetch
  • Quality forages
    e.g., timothy, fescues, meadow brome
    OR
  • None of the above

84. In 2025, how many acres, hectares or arpents of hay fields or pastures included legumes or quality forages?

Include hay fields or pastures rented from others.

Exclude hay fields or pastures rented to others.

85. The last time you seeded your hay field or pastureland, what was the cost per acre, hectare or arpent to include legumes or quality forages?

Include the cost of seed and seeding, labour and any other related costs.

  • Cost per acre, hectare or arpent in CAN$
    OR
  • Don't know

86. What is the most recent year in which this operation seeded legumes or quality forages in hay fields or pastures?

  • Year
    OR
  • Don't know
  • Never seeded or naturally occurring

87. In 2025, how important were each of the following reasons for including legumes or quality forages in hay fields or pastures?

a. Improved profitability

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

b. Improved cattle health and productivity

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

c. On-farm conservation
e.g., increase in biodiversity

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

d. Environmental benefits
e.g., reduction in greenhouse gases

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

e. Knowing other operations that had successfully included legumes or quality forages

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

f. Anticipated saving time or effort

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

g. This operation received technical assistance

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

h. This operation received financial assistance

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

i. Other reasons

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important
  • Not Applicable

88. Please specify the other reasons for including legumes or quality forages in hay fields or pastures.

89. In 2025, what were the main reasons that this operation did not include legumes or quality forages in hay fields or pastures.

Select all that apply.

  • Uncertainty about the economic benefits
  • Did not meet the conservation needs of this operation
  • Too much time or effort required to implement this practice
  • Insufficient financial assistance to cover the costs
  • Lack of technical assistance
  • This operation did not own the land
  • Other reasons
    • Specify the other reasons

Farm production losses

90. In 2025, did this operation produce fruits, vegetables, potatoes or mushrooms?

  1. Yes
  2. No

91. In 2025, did this operation experience any loss of fully grown fruits, vegetables, potatoes or mushrooms that were harvest-ready or that had already been harvested?

Exclude loss from product that was still growing.

  1. Yes
  2. No

92. In 2025, what were the causes of the losses of harvest-ready production that occurred on this farm?

Select all that apply.

  • Rejection due to quality standards
    How much did the rejection due to quality standards contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little
  • Inadequate labour capacity
    How much did inadequate labour capacity contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little
  • Equipment issues or breakdowns
    How much did equipment issues or breakdowns contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little
  • Inaccurate supply and demand forecasting, cancelled orders or contracts
    How much did inadequate forecasting or cancelled orders contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little
  • Inadequate storage
    How much did inadequate storage contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little
  • Transportation delays
    How much did transportation delays contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little
  • Price volatility made harvesting unaffordable
    How much did price volatility contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little
  • Overproduction—unable to sell all
    How much did overproduction contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little
  • Could not find a market
    How much did not finding a market contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little
  • Other reasons
    Specify the other reasons
    How much did these other reasons contribute to the losses of harvest-ready or harvested production for this operation?
  1. Contributed a lot
  2. Contributed a little

93. In 2025, which of the following practices did this operation have in place to manage any losses of harvest-ready or harvested production?

Select all that apply.

  • Donation or sharing with others
    e.g., food banks
  • Diversions to animal feed production
  • Diversion to energy production
    e.g., anaerobic digestion
  • Production of compost
  • Left in a pile to naturally decompose
  • Left in the field
  • Actively applied to the field
  • Disposal at landfill
  • Burnt or incinerated
  • Other practices
    Specify the other practices

94. In 2025, what was the estimated cost associated with the disposal of losses of harvest-ready or harvested production?

Include haulage, tipping fees and other disposal costs.

Direct sales to retailers

95. In 2025, did this operation sell any products directly to retailers?

A retailer is an operation that sells directly to customers. Exclude wholesalers, cooperatives and sales directly to customers.

  1. Yes
    Did this operation encounter any of the following challenges?
    Select all that apply.
    • Lack of transparency in the application of retail fees
    • Unpredictable payment terms
    • Difficult price negotiation
    • Changes to previously agreed upon terms or conditions
    • Meeting volume requirements
    • Other challenges
      Specify the other challenges
  2. No

On-farm innovation

96. In the last three years, 2023 to 2025, how important were the following activities when deciding to try something new on this operation?

a. Obtaining advice and information from fellow farmers based on their experiences

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

b. Attending demonstration farms and field days to observe the innovation implemented

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

c. Attending workshops, seminars, meetings or conferences

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

d. Obtaining information from input companies
e.g., seed and feed dealers

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

e. Seeking information from independent consultants

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

f. Seeking information from regional specialists or extension officers

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

g. Reading detailed technical and financial information
e.g., on line research

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

h. Relying on own experience

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

i. Participating in producer associations

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

97. In the last three years, from 2023 to 2025, how important were the following factors when deciding to try something new on this operation?

a. Cost reduction or increase in production

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

b. Increase in value of product
e.g., due to superior quality or attributes or novelty of the product

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

c. Environmental benefits

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

d. Benefits for work and family balance

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

e. Level of financial risk of the innovation compared to current practice

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

f. Access to financial resources to implement the innovation
e.g., loans, venture capital or other financing

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

g. Availability of information to assess the value of the innovation for your operation

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

h. Technical expertise to implement the innovation

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

i. Operator’s time required to implement the innovation

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

j. Labour requirement

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

k. Worker safety

  • Very important
  • Important
  • Somewhat important
  • Not important

98. When it comes to the introduction of new or significantly improved products, processes or practices, does this operation tend to:

  1. be among the first to try something new
  2. wait until at least a few others have tried it first
  3. wait until it has been well tested
  4. be among the last to try something new

Local Food

99. In 2025, did this operation sell any food products locally?

Include direct-to-consumer, local independent or chain retailers, local independent or chain restaurants, food trucks, caterers, meal kits and local institutions. 

Exclude:

  • sales to local processors, manufacturers and wholesalers
  • charitable donations, animal feed and food produced by other farms. 
  1. Yes
  2. No

100. In 2025, approximately what percentage of your operation’s total sales came from local market channels?

For local market channels include direct-to-consumer, local independent or chain retailers, local independent or chain restaurants, food trucks, caterers, meal kits and local institutions.

Exclude:

  • sales to local processors, manufacturers and wholesalers
  • charitable donations, animal feed and food produced by other farms. 

Percentage of total sales

If less than 1%, please enter 1%

101. Thinking only about your operation’s local food sales in 2025, what percentage came from the following local market channels?

Exclude:

  • sales to local processors, manufacturers and wholesalers
  • charitable donations, animal feed and food produced by other farms. 
  1. Direct-to-consumer
    e.g., online, kiosks, U-pick, farmers’ markets, community supported agriculture baskets
  2. Local independent or chain retailers
    e.g., grocery, mass merchandisers, bakeries
  3. Local independent or chain restaurants, food trucks, caterers or meal kits
  4. Local institutions
    e.g., hospitals, schools
  5. Other
    Specify other local market channel

Changes or events

102. Indicate any changes or events that affected the reported values for this business or organization compared with the last reporting period.

Select all that apply.

  1. Price changes in goods or services sold
  2. Price changes in labour or raw materials
  3. Natural disaster
  4. Weather—early or late start to spring or winter
  5. Other
    Specify the other change or event
    OR
  6. No changes or events

Contact person

103. Statistics Canada may need to contact the person who completed this questionnaire for further information.

Is the respondent the best person to contact?

  1. Yes
  2. No
    Who is the best person to contact about this questionnaire?
    • a. First name
    • b. Last name
    • c. Title
    • d. Email address
      Example: user@example.gov.ca
    • e. Telephone number (including area code)
      Example: 123-123-1234
    • f. Extension number (if applicable)
    • g. Fax number (including area code)
      Example: 123-123-1234

Feedback

104. How long did it take to complete this questionnaire?

Include the time spent gathering the necessary information.

105. Do you have any comments about this questionnaire?

200 characters available

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