Youth Custody and Community Services (YCCS) Survey

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Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics

Confidential once completed
Collected under the authority of the Statistics Act,
Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S19

Jurisdiction Year

Introduction

Purpose of Survey
The Youth Custody and Community Services (YCCS) survey provides important indicators as to the nature and characteristics of correctional caseflow that are of use to agencies responsible for the delivery of these services, the media and the public. The survey collects annual data on the delivery of youth correctional services from the provincial/territorial correctional systems. Key themes include: new admissions (commencements) to correctional programs of sentenced custody, probation, and other community-based programs.

The data you report are confidential
Statistics Canada is prohibited by law from publishing or releasing statistics that could reveal information obtained from this survey questionnaire. The data reported on the questionnaire will be treated in strict confidence and used for statistical purposes and published in aggregate form only. The confidentiality provisions of the Statistics Act are not affected by either the Access to Information Act or any other regulation.

Survey Instructions

  1. Select the language of your choice by clicking the "English / Français" button displayed at the top of each page.
  2. Enter data in white cells. Totals will calculate automatically in the shaded green cells and cannot be edited.
  3. For tables 2 to 24, admissions and releases must be counted each time the custody or community status of an individual changes, providing an indication of the total workload associated with an individual as he/she moves through the corrections system. For example, a person admitted to pre-trial detention, sentenced to secure custody and supervision, followed by time served on probation is counted three times.
  4. For table 1, Initial Entry counts must count only the status under which a person first makes contact with correctional services. Using the example in point 3, the same person must be counted only once, and the initial entry would be classified as pre-trial detention.
  5. Means and medians cannot be automatically calculated by the questionnaire. These must be entered manually in tables 9, 13, 14, 18, 19, 23, and 24.
  6. Clicking the "Glossary / Glossaire" button at the top of any page opens a list of the survey definitions, ordered alphabetically to facilitate your search. Return to the survey by clicking the "Survey / l'Enquête" button.

Contact Information

Please provide the name and title of the person who completed this questionnaire. We require this information for follow-up purposes. It is recommended that you keep a copy of this questionnaire for your records in case we require clarification about the information provided.

Name of person completing form:
Title:
Phone:
Fax:
E-mail:
Date:

STC/CCJ-155-75090
Statistics Canada/Statistique Canada
Canada

Table 1: Number of Young Persons Commencing Correctional Services by Status at Initial Entry1 (For each of the following categories: Pre-Trial Detention, Secure Custody, Open Custody, Community)

  • Total Initial Entry
  • Pre-Trial Detention
  • Total Secure Custody
  • Custody & Supervision
  • Custody & Supervision (Murder)
  • Custody & Supervision (Presumptive)
  • Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
  • Young Offenders Act (YOA)
  • Total Open Custody
  • Custody & Supervision
  • Custody & Supervision (Murder)
  • Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive)
  • Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
  • YOA
  • Intensive Support and Supervision
  • Non-Residential Program
  • Deferred Custody & Supervision
  • Probation
  • Other2

  1. Initial Entry:The status representing the first point at which a youth commences uninterrupted supervision within the youth corrections system.

  2. Other: This category includes the number of youth who have commenced their period of supervision with other community sentences such as fine options, orders for restitution, compensation or other community or personal services, and other sentences deemed appropriate by the youth justice court, not including extrajudicial sanctions (EJS).

Comments:

Table 2: Admissions to Custody, (For each of the following categories: Pre-Trial Detention, Provincial Director Remand, Secure Custody, Open Custody)

  • Total Admissions
  • Pre-trial Detention
  • Provincial Director Remand
  • Total Secure Custody
  • Custody & Supervision
  • Custody & Supervision (Murder)
  • Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive)
  • Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
  • YOA
  • Total Open Custody
  • Custody & Supervision
  • Custody & Supervision (Murder)
  • Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive)
  • Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
  • YOA

Comments:

Table 3: Admissions to Community Corrections, (For each of the following categories: Pre-Trial Detention, Provincial Director Remand, Community Portion of Custody Sentences, Community)

Total Admissions

  • Custody & Supervision
  • Custody & Supervision (Murder)
  • Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive)
  • Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
  • Intensive Support and Supervision
  • Non-Residential Program
  • Deferred Custody and Supervision
  • Probation
  • Other

Comments:

Table 4: Releases from Custody (For each of the following categories: Secure Custody, Open Custody)

  • Total Releases
  • Pre-trial Detention
  • Provincial Director Remand
  • Total Secure Custody
  • Custody & Supervision
  • Custody & Supervision (Murder)
  • Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive)
  • Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
  • YOA
  • Total Open Custody
  • Custody & Supervision
  • Custody & Supervision (Murder)
  • Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive)
  • Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
  • YOA

Comments:

Table 5: Releases from Community Supervision, (For each of the following categories: Community Portion of Custody Sentences, Community)

  • Total Releases
  • Custody & Supervision
  • Custody & Supervision (Murder)
  • Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive)
  • Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
  • Intensive Support and Supervision
  • Non-Residential Program
  • Deferred Custody and Supervision
  • Probation
  • Other

Comments:

Table 6: Admissions to Pre-Trial Detention by Most Serious Offence, (For each of the following categories: Offences against the person, Property offences, Other Criminal Code, Other offences, Unknown)

  • Total Admissions
  • Total
  • Assault Level 2
  • Common assault
  • Sexual assault
  • Robbery
  • Other offenses against the person
  • Total
  • Break & Enter
  • Theft $5,000 & under
  • Theft over $5,000
  • Possession stolen goods
  • Mischief
  • Other property
  • Other CC
  • Total
  • Drug related
  • YCJA / YOA
  • Other Federal
  • Provincial/Municipal
  • Unknown

Comments:

Table 7: Admissions to Pre-Trial Detention and Provincial Director Remand by Age and Sex, (For each of the following categories: Pre-Trial Detention: Total, Male, Female, Unknown; Provincial Director Remand: Total, Male, Female, Unknown)

  • 12
  • 13
  • 14
  • 15
  • 16
  • 17
  • 18+
  • Unknown

Comments:

Table 8: Admissions to Pre-Trial Detention and Provincial Director Remand by Aboriginal Status and Sex, (For each of the following categories: Pre-Trial Detention: Total, Male, Female, Unknown; Provincial Director Remand: Total, Male, Female, Unknown)

  • Sex
  • Total
  • Aboriginal
  • Non-Aboriginal
  • Unknown

Comments:

Table 9: Releases from Pre-Trial Detention by Time Served and Sex, (Pre-Trial Detention, for each of the following categories: Total, Male, Female, Unknown)

  • Sex
  • Total
  • 1 Week or less
  • 1 week to 1 month
  • >1 to 6 months
  • >6 months to 1 year
  • >1 to 2 years
  • More than 2 years
  • Unknown
  • Mean (days)
  • Median (days)

Comments:

Table 10: Admissions to Secure Custody by Most Serious Offence, (please specify the Custody Status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision ( From Deferred Custody, From Provincial Director Remand), YOA) ; for each of the following categories: Total Most Serious Offence, Offences against the person, Property offences, Other CC, Other Offences, Unknown)

  • Total Most Serious Offence
  • Total (Offenses against the person)
  • Assault Level 2
  • Common assault
  • Sexual assault
  • Robbery
  • Other offenses against the person
  • Total (Property offences)
  • Break & Enter
  • Theft $5,000 & under
  • Theft over $5,000
  • Possession stolen goods
  • Mischief
  • Other property
  • Total (Other CC)
  • Total (Other Offenses)
  • Drug related
  • YCJA / YOA
  • Other Federal
  • Provincial/Municipal
  • Total (Unknown)

Comments:

Table 11: Admissions to Secure Custody by Age and Sex, (please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Custody status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, (From Deferred Custody, From Provincial Director Remand), YOA)

  • Total
  • 12
  • 13
  • 14
  • 15
  • 16
  • 17
  • 18+
  • Unknown

If available please provide data for "From Deferred Custody" and "From Provincial Director Remand". These are subsets of Custody and Supervision orders, and as such these numbers should be included in one of the four Custody and Supervision counts shown above.

Comments:

Table 12: Admissions to Secure Custody by Aboriginal Status and Sex, (please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Custody status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, (From Deferred Custody, From Provincial Director Remand), YOA)

  • Sex
  • Total
  • Aboriginal
  • Non-Aboriginal
  • Unknown

If available please provide data for "From Deferred Custody" and "From Provincial Director Remand". These are subsets of Custody and Supervision orders, and as such these numbers should be included in one of the four Custody and Supervision counts shown above.

Comments:

Table 13: Admissions to Secure Custody by Aggregate Sentence Length and Sex, (please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Custody status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, From Deferred Custody, From Provincial Director Remand, YOA)

  • Sex
  • Total
  • 1 month or less
  • >1 to 6 months
  • >6 months to 1 year
  • >1 to 2 years
  • More than 2 years
  • Unknown
  • Mean (days)
  • Median (days)

Comments:

Table 14: Releases from Secure Custody by Time Served and Sex, (please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Custody status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, YOA)

  • Releases
  • Length of Time Served
  • Sex
  • Total
  • 1 month or less
  • >1 to 6 months
  • >6 months to 1 year
  • >1 to 2 years
  • More than 2 years
  • Unknown
  • Mean (days)
  • Median (days)

Comments:

Table 15: Admissions to Open Custody by Most Serious Offence, (For each of the following categories: Total Most Serious Offence, Offences against the person, Property offences, Other CC, Other offences, Unknown; Please specify Custody Status: Total , Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision(From Deferred Custody, From Provincial Director Remand), YOA)

  • Total Most Serious Offence
  • Total (Offences against the person)
  • Assault Level 2
  • Common assault
  • Sexual assault
  • Robbery
  • Other offences against the person
  • Total (Property offences)
  • Break & Enter
  • Theft $5,000 & under
  • Theft over $5,000
  • Possession stolen goods
  • Mischief
  • Other property
  • Total(Other CC)
  • Total(Other)
  • Drug related
  • YCJA / YOA
  • Other Federal
  • Provincial/Municipal
  • Total (Unknown)

Comments:

Table 16: Admissions to Open Custody by Age and Sex, 2008-2009 (please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Custody status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision (From Deferred Custody, From Provincial Director Remand), YOA)

  • Sex
  • Total
  • 12
  • 13
  • 14
  • 15
  • 16
  • 17
  • 18+
  • Unknown

If available please provide data for "From Deferred Custody" and "From Provincial Director Remand". These are subsets of Custody and Supervision orders, and as such these numbers should be included in one of the four Custody and Supervision counts shown above.

Comments:

Table 17: Admissions to Open Custody by Aboriginal Status and Sex, (please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Custody status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision (From Deferred Custody, From Provincial Director Remand), YOA)

  • Sex
  • Total
  • Aboriginal
  • Non-Aboriginal
  • Unknown

If available please provide data for "From Deferred Custody" and "From Provincial Director Remand". These are subsets of Custody and Supervision orders, and as such these numbers should be included in one of the four Custody and Supervision counts shown above.

Comments:

Table 18: Admissions to Open Custody by Sentence Length ordered and Sex, (please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Custody status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, From Deferred Custody, From Provincial Director Remand, YOA)

  • Admissions
  • Sentence Length
  • Sex
  • Total
  • 1 month or less
  • >1 to 6 months
  • >6 months to 1 year
  • >1 to 2 years
  • More than 2 years
  • Unknown
  • Mean (days)
  • Median (days)

If available please provide data for "From Deferred Custody" and "From Provincial Director Remand". These are subsets of Custody and Supervision orders, and as such these numbers should be included in one of the four Custody and Supervision counts shown above.

Comments:

Table 19: Releases from Open Custody by Time Served and Sex, (please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Custody status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Custody & Supervision (Murder), Custody & Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, YOA)

  • Releases
  • Length of Time Served
  • Sex
  • Total
  • 1 month or less
  • >1 to 6 months
  • >6 months to 1 year
  • >1 to 2 years
  • More than 2 years
  • Unknown
  • Mean (days)
  • Median (days)

Comments:

Table 20: Admissions to Community Corrections by Most Serious Offence, (For each of the following categories: Total Most Serious Offence, Offences against the person, Property offences, Other CC, Other offences, Unknown; Please specify type of Community Status: Total, Custody and Supervision, Custody and Supervision (Murder), Custody and Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, Intensive Support & Supervision, Non-Residential Program, Deferred Custody & Supervision, Probation, Other1)

  • Total Most Serious Offence
  • Total (Offenses Against the Person)
  • Assault Level 2
  • Common assault
  • Sexual assault
  • Robbery
  • Other offenses against the person
  • Total (Property Offences)
  • Break & Enter
  • Theft $5,000 & under
  • Theft over $5,000
  • Possession stolen goods
  • Mischief
  • Other property
  • Total (Other CC)
  • Total (Other Offences)
  • Drug related
  • YCJA /YOA
  • Other Federal
  • Provincial/Municipal
  • Total (Unknown)

  1. Other: Includes any other community sentence managed by community corrections, for example: community service disposition as per S.42(i) or restitution as per S. 42(f).

Comments:

Table 21: Admissions to Community Corrections by Age and Sex, (Please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Community Status: Total, Custody and Supervision, Custody and Supervision (Murder), Custody and Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, Intensive Support & Supervision, Non-Residential Program, Deferred Custody & Supervision, Probation, Other)

  • Age at Time of Admission
  • Sex
  • Total
  • 12
  • 13
  • 14
  • 15
  • 16
  • 17
  • 18+
  • Unknown

Comments:

Table 22: Admissions to Community Corrections by Aboriginal Status and Sex, (Please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Community Status: Total, Custody and Supervision, Custody and Supervision (Murder), Custody and Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, Intensive Support & Supervision, Non-Residential Program, Deferred Custody & Supervision, Probation, Other)

  • Sex
  • Total
  • Aboriginal
  • Non-Aboriginal
  • Unknown

Comments:

Table 23: Admissions to Community Corrections by Sentence Length and Sex, (Please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Community Status: Total, Custody and Supervision, Custody and Supervision (Murder), Custody and Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, Intensive Support & Supervision, Non-Residential Program, Deferred Custody & Supervision, Probation, Other)

  • Admissions
  • Sentence Length
  • Sex
  • Total
  • 3 months or less
  • >3 to 6 months
  • >6 months to 1 year
  • >1 to 2 years
  • More than 2 years
  • Unknown
  • Mean (days)
  • Median (days)

Comments:

Table 24: Releases from Community Corrections by Time Served and Sex, (Please specify gender: Total, Male, Female, Unknown for each of the following Community Status: Total, Custody and Supervision, Custody and Supervision (Murder), Custody and Supervision (Other Presumptive), Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, Intensive Support & Supervision, Non-Residential Program, Deferred Custody & Supervision, Probation, Other)

  • Releases
  • Length of Time Served
  • Sex
  • Total
  • 1 month or less
  • >1 to 6 months
  • >6 months to 1 year
  • >1 to 2 years
  • More than 2 years
  • Unknown
  • Mean (days)
  • Median (days)

Comments:

YCCS Core Definitions

Aboriginal Status:
Indicates whether the youth is Aboriginal. Aboriginal status includes North American Indian, Métis and Inuit whether registered or not. Please note that this variable is self-reported and data availability varies among jurisdictions.

Admission:
Refers to the youth's commencement of an uninterrupted period of supervision (aggregate) by the Provincial/Territorial Director within a specific status (i.e., remand, secure and open custody and probation). For the YCCS, a new admission is counted at the commencement of each program type.

Age:
Refers to the age of the young person at the time of admission into a custody status or community program.

Aggregate sentence:
The earliest start date and the latest end date within a specific status.

Custody and Supervision - Community Portion:
The period of time, or the portion of the young persons youth sentence that must, with exception of completing an application for continuation of custody, be served in the community.

Custody and Supervision - Custodial Portion:
The period of time, or the portion of, the young persons youth sentence that must be served in custody before he or she begins to serve the remainder under community supervision.

Deferred Custody:
Like a conditional sentence within adult sentencing, deferred custody is a community-based alternative to a custodial sentence. Under a deferred custody order, the young person will serve his or her sentence in the community under a set of strict conditions. If these conditions are not followed, the young person may be sent to custody to serve the balance of that sentence.

Extrajudicial Sanctions:
An action other than a judicial proceeding used to deal with a young person alleged to have committed an offence. Participants in extrajudicial sanctions program may or may not have been charged by the police. Information on extrajudicial sanctions is not within the scope of the YCCS.

Initial Entry:
The status representing the first point at which a youth commences uninterrupted supervision within the youth corrections system.Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision (IRCS): Sentence intended to be a treatment sentence applicable to young persons guilty of the most serious violent offences and who are suffering from mental, psychological, or emotional disorders. It is the most serious youth sentencing option available under the YCJA.

Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision (IRCS):
Sentence intended to be a treatment sentence applicable to young persons guilty of the most serious violent offences and who are suffering from mental, psychological, or emotional disorders. It is the most serious youth sentencing option available under the YCJA.

Mean:
The mean of a population is obtained by adding up the values of every observation in the population and then dividing the result by the number of observations in the population.

Median:
The median of a population is referred to as the midpoint of a distribution, once the distribution has been arranged from the lowest to highest value, where an equal number of observations are above and below this point.

Most Serious Offence Categorization:
Admissions are categorized according to the offence violation codes in the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) (see Appendix A). The most serious offence in each admission should be determined in accordance with the CCJS's courts-based offence seriousness ranking (see Appendix B).

Open custody:
A facility is considered "open" when there is minimal use of security devices or perimeter security. The extent to which facilities are “open” varies across jurisdictions. Open custody facilities include community residential centres, group homes, childcare institutions, forest or wilderness camps etc.

Probation:
A common type of community-based sentence, where the young person is placed under the supervision of a probation officer or other designated person. Unsupervised probation orders are excluded.

Provincial Director Remand:
To hold a young person in custody following the breach of community supervision conditions pursuant to a warrant issued by the Provincial Director.

Release:
Refers to the completion of an uninterrupted period of supervision by the Provincial/Territorial Director within a specific status (i.e., remand, secure and open custody, community supervision and probation). For the YCCS, a new release is counted at the completion of each program type.

Remand/Pre-trial Detention:
To hold a young person temporarily in custody, while awaiting trial or sentencing.

Reporting Period:
The reference time period (e.g., fiscal year - April 1 to March 31) during which a youth must be active in order to be extracted for YCCS purposes. A youth is active if he/she is under the supervision of the Provincial/Territorial Director of youth corrections (e.g., serving a sentence, or under community supervision).

Secure Custody:
A facility is considered “secure” when young persons are detained by security devices, including those facilities which operate with full perimeter security features and/or where youths are under constant observation. The extent to which facilities are “secure” varies across jurisdictions.

Sentence:
Under the YCJA, a youth justice court orders a sentence upon finding a young person guilty of an offence. Sentence types include the following:

  1. Custodial Sentences: include Custody and Supervision - open, and custody and supervision - secure; and
  2. Community Supervision: includes intensive support and supervision, deferred custody and supervision, supervised probation, community service order, personal service order, compensation, restitution, or any other sentence deemed appropriate.

Sentence Length:
This refers to the aggregate sentence or total amount of continuous days for a particular sentence that a young person is ordered to serve under the Young Offenders Act or the Youth Criminal Justice Act. The specific amount of days must be for an uninterrupted period of time during which the youth is under the authority of the Provincial/Territorial Director. For multiple custodial sentences (i.e., secure and open custody), if sentences are concurrent then the sentence length is the longest sentence; if the sentences are consecutive, then the sentence length is the sum of all custodial sentences; and if sentences are both concurrent and consecutive then the aggregate sentence is the sum of both types as calculated above.

Sentenced Custody:
Refers to both secure and open custody.

Status of Supervision:
The program status in which the young person is under the responsibility of correctional services (e.g., secure custody, open custody, pre-trial detention, probation or other community supervision).

Time Served:
Refers to the aggregate time served or total amount of days a young person spent upon completion of an uninterrupted period of time under a particular status during which time the youth was under the authority of the Provincial/ Territorial Director.

Young Person (YCJA)/Young Offender (YOA):
A person who is twelve years of age or older, but less than eighteen years of age, at the time of committing an offence.

YCJA: Young Criminal Justice Act
YOA: Young Offenders Act

Date modified: