The criminal justice process can be long, with numerous potential points of attrition from the crime to a final decision. Attrition refers to how, as incidents progress through the system, fewer cases remain or are retained throughout the entirety of the process.
Attrition can occur for various reasons. For instance, some victims may choose not to report an incident or participate in the criminal justice process to avoid potential revictimization and additional trauma. In other instances, police or courts may determine that there is insufficient evidence to lay charges or secure a conviction in criminal court. Further, a case may be handled outside of court, such as through a plea bargain or referral to alternative measures.
Examining attrition of sexual assault over time and in relation to other types of violent crime can uncover important patterns that could inform policies and practices. It is important to consider the particularly sensitive nature of sexual crimes, the unique barriers that are acutely present for victims of sexual assault, and the numerous stereotypes and myths related to sexual violence.
The Juristat article "Criminal justice outcomes of sexual assault in Canada, 2015 to 2019," released today, examines the progression of sexual assault incidents through the criminal justice system, from police to courts. It focuses on the characteristics of incidents, victims and accused persons associated with different outcomes at various stages of the process.
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