Table 3.35
Land cover and land use, Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo census metropolitan area (CMA) and census metropolitan area-ecosystem (CMA-E), 1971, 1991, 2001 and 2011 Table 3.35
Land cover and land use, Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo census metropolitan area (CMA) and census metropolitan area-ecosystem (CMA-E), 1971, 1991, 2001 and 2011

Table 3.35
Land cover and land use, Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo census metropolitan area (CMA) and census metropolitan area-ecosystem (CMA-E), 1971, 1991, 2001 and 2011
Table summary
This table displays the different types of land cover and land use for Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo. The row headers provide information on the total land area, total built-up which is further split into settled and roads, arable and natural and semi natural lands, in 1971, 1991, 2001, and 2011. In 2011, the natural category is further split into forest, water and other. The row headers also provide information on the land cover and land use change from 1971 to 2011 for total built-up, arable, and natural and semi natural. The column headers provide information on area, in square kilometres, and percentage change for the CMA, and CMA-ecosystem. The column headers also provide information on CMA as a proportion of CMA-ecosystem as a percentage.
	square kilometres		percent
	CMA^Note 1	CMA-ecosystem^Note 2^,^Note 3	CMA as a proportion of CMA-ecosystem
Total land area	827	3,240	26
1971
Total built-up^Note 4	119	281	42
Settled	80	181	44
Roads	38	101	38
Arable^Note 5	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	1,722	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Natural and semi-natural^Note 6	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	1,237	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
1991
Total built-up^Note 7	217	534	41
Settled	147	343	43
Roads	70	191	37
Arable^Note 5	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	1,659	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Natural and semi-natural^Note 6	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	1,046	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
2001
Total built-up^Note 7	265	661	40
Settled	194	469	41
Roads	71	193	37
Arable^Note 5	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	1,531	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Natural and semi-natural^Note 6	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	1,047	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
2011
Total built-up^Note 7	281	693	41
Settled	209	497	42
Roads	73	197	37
Arable^Note 5	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	1,594	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Natural and semi-natural^Note 8	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	953	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Forest	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	580	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Water	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	58	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Other	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period	314	Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
	percent
Land cover and land use change, 1971 to 2011
Total built-up area^Note 4^,^Note 7	137	146	Note ...: not applicable
Arable^Note 5	Note ...: not applicable	-7	Note ...: not applicable
Natural and semi-natural^Note 6	Note ...: not applicable	-23	Note ...: not applicable
.. not available for a specific reference period ... not applicable Note 1. 2011 census metropolitan area (CMA) boundaries are used for all years. Total area excludes water. Return to note 1 referrer Note 2. The CMA-Ecosystem (CMA-E) combines any Soil Landscapes of Canada (SLC) polygon that is contained within or that intersects with the CMA boundary, as well as SLC polygons that are fully contained within this newly formed boundary of the CMA-E. Includes all terrestrial and water surfaces. Return to note 2 referrer Note 3. CMA-E are not spatially mutually exclusive—they overlap where a Soil Landscape of Canada (SLC) polygon crosses more than one CMA boundary, as is the case in Toronto and surrounding CMAs including Hamilton, Oshawa, Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Guelph, Brantford and Barrie. Caution should be used when comparing data. See CMA-E maps in Section 3: Ecosystem accounts and statistics by census metropolitan area for a visual representation of the CMA-E boundaries. Return to note 3 referrer Note 4. Built-up area for 1971 is based on Canada Land Inventory Land Use (CLI: LU) and Canada Land Use Monitoring Program (CLUMP), code B – Urban Built-up. CLI: LU and CLUMP built-up areas that were not built-up in the AAFC Land Use, 1990 dataset were removed from the 1971 built-up data and reclassified according to their 1990 cover. To improve comparability with the other years, roads included in the core built-up area were identified and removed to produce the 1971 settled area. The 1971 dataset did not include roads outside the core built-up area. Roads were modeled by applying the ratio of roads to settled area from 1990 to the 1971 settled area. Return to note 4 referrer Note 5. Arable land area is composed of the cropland, tame or seeded pasture and summerfallow land from the Interpolated Census of Agriculture. Return to note 5 referrer Note 6. Natural and semi-natural land is the residual area remaining after subtracting built-up and arable land from the total area. Because it was calculated residually, the class also includes some homes and other buildings, particularly those located on large lots and in rural areas, since these may not be captured by satellite imagery as built-up, due in part to the resolution of the data and overlying tree canopy. Return to note 6 referrer Note 7. Built-up area estimates for 1991, 2001 and 2011 are based on Land Use, 1990, 2000 and 2010, codes 21 (Settlement–Built-up and urban) and 25 (Roads–primary, secondary and tertiary). Return to note 7 referrer Note 8. For 2011, forest and water are broken out separately based on data from AAFC Crop Inventory, 2011 and CanVec+ respectively. Other natural and semi-natural land is a residual class calculated by subtracting all other classes from the total area. The change over time for these categories requires further validation. Return to note 8 referrer Sources: Statistics Canada, Environment, Energy and Transportation Statistics Division, 2016, special tabulation of data from Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS), 1999, Canada Land Inventory: CLI Land Use (circa 1966), ftp://ftp2.cits.rncan.gc.ca/pub/geott/cli_250k/landuse/ (accessed September 15, 2015); NRCan, CCRS, 1999, Canada Land Use Monitoring Program (CLUMP): CLUMP Land Use (1971), ftp://ftp2.cits.rncan.gc.ca/pub/geott/clump/clump_1971/ (accessed September 15, 2015); Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), 2015, Land Use 1990, 2000 and 2010, http://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/18e3ef1a-497c-40c6-8326-aac1a34a0dec (accessed September 16, 2015); AAFC and Statistics Canada, special tabulation, Census of Agriculture, Census Geographic Component Base 2011 and 2001 and Census of Agriculture, Regular Base 1991 and 1971; AAFC, 2013, AAFC Crop Inventory, 2011, http://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/58ca7629-4f6d-465a-88eb-ad7fd3a847e3 (accessed August 10, 2015); NRCan, Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation, 2014, CanVec+, ftp://ftp2.cits.rncan.gc.ca/pub/canvec+/shp/ (accessed August 10, 2015).

Date modified:: 2016-03-31

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