Map 2
Urban greenness, top five population centres, 2001, 2011 and 2019

Map description

The title of the map is "Urban greenness, top five population centres, 2001, 2011 and 2019"

It provides a visual representation of urban greenness for three years (2001, 2011 and 2019) in Toronto, Montréal, Vancouver, Calgary and Edmonton.

This figure includes a legend and 20 images. The legend contains four categories: Grey pixel = NDVI < 0.5, Green pixel = NDVI ≥ 0.5, Yellow border = population centre limits (2016), Blue pixel = Water.

Images are organized in five rows, one row per population centre, and four columns. The first row shows images for Toronto, the second row shows images for Montréal, the third shows images for Vancouver, the fourth shows images for Calgary and the fifth shows images for Edmonton.

The first three columns organize images for 2001, 2011 and 2019. These images display pixels that are classified as green or grey based on the MODIS NDVI cutoff of 0.5. The final column displays a true colour image from Sentinel-2 from 2019, with a scale and compass arrow indicating north, as reference information. A yellow line outlines the population centre on all images.

This figure shows the share of each population centre that was classified as green was lowest in 2019.

-Toronto 2001 (69%), 2011 (68%), 2019 (65%)

-Montréal 2001 (76%), 2011 (78%) 2019 (70%)

-Vancouver 2001 (84%), 2011 (81%) and 2019 (68%)

-Calgary 2001 (49%), 2011 (56%) and 2019 (42%)

-Edmonton 2001 (65%), 2011 (60%) and 2019 (60%)

Sources: Statistics Canada, Environment and Energy Statistics Division, special tabulation from Statistics Canada, 2020, Corrected representation of the NDVI using historical MODIS satellite images (250 m resolution) from 2000 to 2019, https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/dc700f75-19d8-4913-9846-78615ca93784 (accessed April 29, 2020); contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2019 processed by Sentinel Hub, https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/eobrowser/ (accessed January 15, 2021).