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Aguiar, M., and E. Hurst. 2005. "Consumption versus Expenditure." Journal of Political Economy. Vol. 113. No. 5. p. 919-948.

Aguiar, M., and E. Hurst. 2008. Deconstructing Lifecycle Expenditure. Ann Arbor, Michigan. Michigan Retirement Research Center, The University of Michigan. Working paper no. 173.

Baker, M., J. Gruber, and K. Milligan. 2009. Retirement Income Security and Well-Being in Canada. Cambridge, Massachusegtts. National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER Working Paper no. 14667.

Baldwin, J., M. Frenette, A. Lafrance, and P. Piraino. 2011. Income Adequacy in Retirement: Accounting for the Annuitized Value of Wealth in Canada. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 11F0027M. Ottawa, Ontario. Economic Analysis (EA) Research Paper Series. No. 74.

Banks, J., R. Blundell, and S. Tanner. 1998. "Is There a Retirement-Savings Puzzle?" The American Economic Review. Vol. 88. No. 4. p. 769-788.

Bernheim, D., J. Skinner, and S. Weinberg. 2001. "What Accounts for the Variation in Retirement Wealth Among U.S. Households?" American Economic Review. Vol. 91. No. 4. p. 832-857.

Brown, M., F. Hou, and A. Lafrance. 2010. Incomes of Retirement-age and Working-age Canadians: Accounting for Home Ownership. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 11F0027M. Ottawa, Ontario. Economic Analysis (EA) Research Paper Series. No. 64.

Brzozowski, M., and Y. Lu. 2010. "Home Cooking, Food Consumption, and Food Production among Retired Canadian Households." Canadian Public Policy. Vol. 36. No. 1. p. 107-128.

Cocco, J.F, F.J. Gomes, and P.J. Maenhout. 2005. "Consumption and Portfolio Choice over the Life Cycle." Review of Financial Studies. Vol. 18. No 2. p. 491-533.

De Nardi, M. 2004. "Wealth Inequality and Intergenerational Links." The Review of Economic Studies. Vol. 71. No. 3. p. 743-768.

Engelhardt, G. and A. Kumar. 2011. "Pensions and Household Wealth Accumulation." Journal of Human Resources. Vol. 46, No. 1.

Engen, E.M., W.G. Gale, and C.E. Uccello. 1999. "The Adequacy of Household Saving." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. Washington, D.C. The Brookings Institution. Vol. 2. p. 65-187.

Frenette, M., D.A. Green, and K. Milligan. 2007. "The Tale of the Tails: Canadian Income Inequality in the 1980s and 1990s." Canadian Journal of Economics. Vol. 40. No. 3. p. 734-764.

Gale, W.G., J.K. Scholz, and A. Seshadri. 2009. Are All Americans Saving"Optimally"for Retirement? Madison, Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Preliminary version.

Gustman, A., T. Steinmeier, and N. Tabatabai (2010): Pensions in the Health and Retirement Study. MIT Press.

Haider, S., and M. Stephens. 2007. "Is There A Retirement Consumption Puzzle? Evidence Using Subjective Retirement Expectations." The Review of Economics and Statistics. Vol. 89. No. 2. p. 247-264.

Hendricks, L. 2007. "Retirement Wealth and Lifetime Earnings." International Economic Review. Vol. 48. No. 2. p. 421-456.

Horner, K. 2009. Retirement Saving by Canadian Households. Report for the Research Working Group on Retirement Income Adequacy. Ottawa, Ontario. Department of Finance Canada.

Hubbard, R.G., J. Skinner, and S.P. Zeldes. 1995. "Precautionary Saving and Social Insurance." Journal of Political Economy. Vol. 103. No. 2. p. 360-399.

Huggett, M. 1996. "Wealth Distribution in Life-Cycle Economies." Journal of Monetary Economics. Vol. 38. No. 3. p. 469-494.

Hurst, E. 2008. "Understanding Consumption in Retirement: Recent Developments." Recalibrating Retirement Spending and Saving. J. Ameriks and O.S. Mitchell (eds.). Oxford, U.K. Oxford University Press. Chapter 3. p. 29-45.

Lafrance, A., and S. LaRochelle-Côté. 2011. Consumption Patterns Among Aging Canadians: A Synthetic Cohort Approach. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 11F0027M. Ottawa, Ontario. Economic Analysis (EA) Research Paper Series. No. 67.

LaRochelle-Côté, S., J. Myles, and G. Picot. 2008. Income Security and Stability During Retirement in Canada. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 11F0019M. Ottawa, Ontario. Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series. No. 306.

LaRochelle-Côté, S., J. Myles, and G. Picot. 2010. Replacing Family Income During the Retirement Years: How Are Canadians Doing? Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 11F0019M. Ottawa, Ontario. Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series. No. 328.

MacGee, J., and Zhou, J. 2010. Private Pensions, Retirement Wealth and Lifetime Earnings. EPRI Working Paper Series. London, Ontario. Economic Policy Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario. Working paper no. 2010-2.

Moore, K.D., W. Robson, and A. Laurin. 2010. Canada's Looming Retirement Challenge: Will Future Retirees Be Able to Maintain Their Living Standards upon Retirement? C.D. Howe Institute Commentary. Toronto, Ontario. C.D. Howe Institute. December. No. 317. p. 1-22.

Morissette, R., and Y. Ostrovsky. 2006. Pension Coverage and Retirement Savings of Canadian Families, 1986 to 2003. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 11F0019M. Ottawa, Ontario. Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series. No. 286.

Munnell, A., and P. Perun. 2006: "An Update on Private Pensions." An Issue in Brief. No. 050. Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. Centre for Retirement Research at Boston College.

Munnell, A., A. Webb, and F. Golub-Sass. 2007. "Is There Really A Retirement Saving Crisis? An NRRI Analysis." An Issue in Brief. No. 7-11. Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. Center for Retirement Research at Boston College.

Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions. 2009. 25th Actuarial Report on the Canada Pension Plan. Ottawa, Ontario. Office of the Chief Actuary. Catalogue no. IN 3-16/1-2009E.PDF.

Ostrovsky, Y., and G. Schellenberg. 2009. Pension Coverage, Retirement Status, and Earnings Replacement Rates Among a Cohort of Canadian Seniors. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 11F0019M. Ottawa, Ontario. Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series. No. 321.

Scholz, J. and A. Seshadri. 2009. Children and Household Wealth. Madison, Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Mimeo.

Scholz, J.K., A. Seshadri, and S. Khitatrakun. 2006. "Are Americans Saving "Optimally" for Retirement?”Journal of Political Economy. Vol. 114. No. 4. p. 607-643.

Smith, J. 2003. "Trends and Projections in Income Replacement during Retirement" Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 21, No. 4 (October 2003), pp. 755-781.

Smith, S., 2006. "The Retirement-Consumption Puzzle and Involuntary Early Retirement: Evidence from the British Household Panel Survey." The Economic Journal. Vol. 116. No. 510. p. C130-C148.

Statistics Canada. 2000. Pension Plans in Canada. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 74-401-XIB. Ottawa, Ontario. www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/74-401-x/74-401-x2000001-eng.pdf

Tauchen, G. 1986. "Finite State Markov-Chain Approximations to Univariate and Vector Autoregressions." Economics Letters. Vol. 20. No. 2. p. 177-181.

Wolfson, M. 2011. "Projecting the Adequacy of Canadian's Retirement Incomes: Current Prospects and Possible Reform Options." IRPP Studies. No. 17. Montreal, Quebec. Institute for Research on Public Policy.

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