Appendix Table A.4 Regression results: Variables in regression of factors associated with domestic water use1 across municipal water systems

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Variable Model 1 Model 2
Full sample Omitted outliers Full sample Omitted outliers
β t-stat β t-stat β t-stat β t-stat
Constant 590.07 38.54 535.42 49.73 623.25 18.86 520.16 27.82
Metering indicators
Some metering -76.03 -1.63 -106.51 -3.57 -75.84 -1.64 -105.47 -3.47
High metering -200.70 -10.48 -168.67 -12.93 -199.25 -10.23 -167.68 -12.61
Location indicators
Population density -0.08 -5.83 -0.05 -5.80 -0.09 -5.51 -0.05 -4.68
Census agglomeration … … … … -20.32 -0.59 16.29 0.78
Strong metropolitan influenced zone … … … … -35.50 -0.86 21.05 0.75
Moderate metropolitan influenced zone … … … … -20.14 -0.57 18.06 0.85
Weak/No metropolitan influenced zone … … … … -57.18 -1.78 13.03 0.69
R2 0.13 … 0.19 … 0.13 … 0.19 …
Number of observations 963 … 865 … 963 … 865 …
1. litres per capita per day
Note: The full sample estimation includes 963 municipalities reporting information on water metering, total yearly water outflows and destination flows. The omitted outliers sample excludes the highest 5% and the lowest 5% of municipalities in terms of domestic water use per capita. Municipalities with water systems outside Whitehorse and Yellowknife in the Territories are included with Weak/No metropolitan influenced zone municipalities. See Box 2 for variable definitions.
Source: Estimation based on Environment Canada, Municipal Water and Wastewater Survey (MWWS), 2004.

 

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