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Beach, Charles M. and Christopher Worswick. 1993. Is There a Double-Negative Effect on the Earnings of Immigrant Women? Canadian Public Policy 19(1): 36-53.

Bonikowska, Aneta, David A. Green and W. Craig Riddell. 2008. Literacy and the Labour Market: Cognitive Skills and Immigrant Earning . International Adult Literacy Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue number 89-552-M No. 020.

Boudarbat, Brahim and Victor Chernoff. 2009. The Determinants of Education-Job Match among Canadian University Graduates. Discussion Paper Series. IZA DP No. 4513.

Boyd, Monica. 1984. At a Disadvantage: The Occupational Attainments of Foreign Born Women in Canada. International Migration Review 18(4):1091-1119.

Boyd, Monica. 1992. Gender, Visible Minority and Immigrant Earnings Inequality: Reassessing Employment Equity Premise. Vic Satzewch, ed., Deconstructing a Nation: Immigration, Multiculturalism & Racism in '90s Canada. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing, pp. 279-321.

Fertig, Michael and Stefanie Schurer. 2007. Labour Market Outcomes of Immigrants in Germany: The Importance of Heterogeneity and Attrition Bias. Discussion Paper Series. IZA DP No. 2915.

Forum of Labour Market Ministers (FLMM). 2009. A Pan-Canadian Framework for the Assessment and Recognition of Foreign Qualifications. Canada's Economic Action Plan. Catalogue number HS4-91/2009E-PDF.

Galarneau, Diane and René Morrisette. 2008. Immigrants' education and required job skills. Perspectives on labour and Income. Vol. 9 no. 12. Statistics Canada Catalogue number 75-001-X.

Garcia-Espejo, Isabel and Marta Ibanez. 2006. Education-Skill Matches and Labour Achievements among Graduates in Spain. European Sociological Review, Vol. 22 No. 2 (pp.141-155).

Grayson, Paul J. 2004. Social Dynamics, University Experiences, and Graduates' Job Outcome. British Journal of Sociology of Education, Vol. 25, No. 5, (pp. 609-627).

Geschwender, James A. 1994. Married women's waged labor and racial/ethnic stratification in Canada. Canadian Ethnic Studies 26 (3): 53-73.

Heijke, H., C. Meng and C. Ris. 2003. Fitting to the job: the role of generic and Vocational competencies in adjustment and performance. Labour Economics, Vol. 10 (pp. 215-229).

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Krahn, Harvey and Jeffrey Bowlby. 1999. Education job-skills match: An Analysis of the 1990 and 1995 National Graduates Surveys. A Human Resources Development Canada Research paper, in collaboration with the Centre for Education Statistics. R-00-101E (85 pages).

Lautard, Hugh E. and Donald J. Loree. 1984. Ethnic stratification in Canada, 1931-1971. Canadian Journal of Sociology 9: 333-343.

Lautard, Hugh and Neil Guppy. 1999. Revisiting the Vertical Mosaic: Occupational Stratification Among Canadian Ethnic Groups, in Peter S. Li, ed., Race and Ethnic Relations in Canada, 2^nd edition, Toronto: Oxford University Press, pp. 219-52.

Lochhead, Clarence. 2002. Employment Sponsored Training among Recent Immigrants. Canadian Labour and Business Centre. 15 pages.

Li, Peter S. 1988. Ethnic Inequality in a Class Society. Toronto: Wall and Thompson.

Li, Peter S. 1992. Race and Gender as Bases of Class Fractions and Their Effects on Earnings. Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 29(4): 488-510.

Li, Peter S. 2000. Earning Disparities between Immigrants and Native-Born Canadians. Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 37(3): 289–311.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 2002. OECD Employment Outlook. July 2002.

Oreopoulos, Philip. 2008. Why do Skilled Immigrants Struggle in the Labour Market: A Field Experiment with Six Thousand Résumés. Economics Department, University of British Columbia.

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Picot, Garnett and Feng Hou. 2009. Seeking Success in Canada and the United States: The Determinants of Labour Market Outcomes Among the Children of Immigrants. Canadian Labour Market and Skills Researcher Network. Working Paper No. 48. http://ideas.repec.org/p/ubc/clssrn/clsrn_admin-2009-63.html

Plante, Johanne. 2010. Characteristics and Labour Market Outcomes of Internationally- Educated Immigrants. Statistics Canada Catalogue number 81-595-M — No. 084.

Reitz, Jeffery. 2007. Immigrant Employment Success in Canada, Part I: Individual and Contextual Causes. Journal of International Migration and Integration 8:11-36.

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Storen, Liv Anne and Clara Ase Arnesen. 2006. What Promotes a Successful Utilization Of Competence in the Labour Market Five Years after Graduation? Does Vocational Higher Education Result in a Better Match than Academic Generalist Education? Paper presented at the European Research Network on Transition in Youth – 2006 Workshop, Marseilles, 7–9 September 2006 (27 pages).

Witte, James C. and Arne L Kalleberg. 1995. Matching Training and Jobs: The Fit Between Vocational Education and Employment in the German Labour Market.  European Sociological Review, Vol. 11 No. 3. (pp. 293-317).

Wolbers, Maareten H.J. 2003. Job Mismatches and their Labour-Market Effects among School-Leavers in Europe. European Sociological Review, Vol. 19 No. 3, (pp. 249-266).

Zeman, Klarka, Kathryn McMullen and Patrice de Broucker. 2010. The High Education / Low Income Paradox: College and University Graduates with Low Earnings, Ontario, 2006. Statistics Canada Catalogue number 81-595-M-No. 081.