Section 7
Women, Aboriginal peoples and landed immigrants
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Apprenticeship pathways
Reasons for discontinuing apprenticeship programs
Canada's population growth rate has slowed gradually over the past few decades. As a result of this and other demographic trends, Canada faces a long-term reduction in labour force growth particularly in the trades and related job areas. The participation and retention of specific groups such as women, Aboriginal peoples, and landed immigrants have long been a challenge in apprenticeship programs. NAS examined why these groups encounter more hurdles than the apprentice population as a whole.
Apprenticeship pathways
Comparison between women and men
Figure 7.1.1 (See Appendix 1 Table A.1.7.1.1) compares the apprenticeship pathways followed by men and women in Quebec between 2002, 2003 and 2004 and 2007.
Figure 7.1.1
Apprentice status in 2002, 2003 and 2004 versus 2007 by gender, Quebec, National Apprenticeship Survey, 2007
The profiles of women and men classified as long-term continuers in 2004 showed a higher completion rate for women. By 2007, about 44% of women had completed their apprenticeship compared with about 31% of men. A lower proportion of women (43%) compared with men (61%) were still in their apprenticeship programs.
The profiles of apprentices identified as discontinuers in 2002 to 2004 showed a similar completion rate for women when compared with their male counterparts. By 2007, about 18% of women had become completers while about 17% of men had completed their programs. A higher proportion of women (60%) compared with men (50%) remained discontinuers in 2007.
Comparison between Aboriginal peoples and all other apprentices
Figure 7.1.2 (See Appendix 1 Table A.1.7.1.2) shows the comparison between the apprenticeship pathways of Aboriginal peoples and all others in Quebec in the survey. Figure 7.1.1
The profiles of those classified as long-term continuers in 2004 showed a lower completion rate for Aboriginal peoples compared with all others. By 2007, only 18% of Aboriginal peoples had completed their programs while 32% of all others had become completers. A slightly higher proportion of Aboriginal peoples (68%) were still registered in their apprenticeship programs compared with all others (61%).
The profiles of apprentices who were discontinuers in 2002 to 2004 showed a higher completion rate for Aboriginal peoples (28%) than all of the others apprentices (16%) by 2007. A lower proportion of Aboriginal peoples (29%) than all others (51%) remained discontinuers in 2007.
Figure 7.1.2
Apprentice status in 2002, 2003 and 2004 versus 2007 by Aboriginal status, Quebec, National Apprenticeship Survey, 2007
The profiles of those classified as long-term continuers in 2004 were similar in the two groups. By 2007, 34% of Aboriginal peoples and 37% of non-Aboriginals had completed their apprenticeship and slightly over half (56% in both groups) were still registered in their apprenticeship program. Nine percent of Aboriginal peoples had discontinued their program, close to the 7% rate of non-Aboriginals.
The profiles of the apprentices who were discontinuers in 2004 showed a slightly lower completion rate for Aboriginal peoples (23%) than all of the others apprentices (26%) by 2007. The proportion of apprentices that remained discontinuers in 2007 for Aboriginal peoples and all other apprentices are similar, 36% and 37% respectively.
Comparison between landed immigrants and all other apprentices
Figure 7.1.3 (see Appendix 1 Table A.1.7.1.3) shows the comparison of the apprenticeship pathways between landed immigrants and all others in Quebec in the survey.
The profiles of those classified as long-term continuers in 2004 showed a lower completion rate for landed immigrants. By 2007, about 21% of landed immigrants had completed their apprenticeship programs compared with about 32% of all others. A higher proportion of landed immigrants (78%) were still registered in their apprenticeship programs compared with all others (61%).
The profiles of apprentices who were discontinuers in 2002 to 2004 showed that a lower proportion of landed immigrants (36%) compared with all others (51%) remained discontinuers in 2007. The NAS sample size was too small to provide quality estimates for comparing the completion rates between landed immigrants and all others in Quebec.
Figure 7.1.3
Apprentice status in 2002, 2003 and 2004 versus 2007 by immigrant status, Quebec, National Apprenticeship Survey, 2007
Reasons for discontinuing apprenticeship programs
The issue of why apprentices discontinue their programs of study has long concerned program administrators and policymakers. Many factors influence apprentices. The NAS asked discontinuers from these specific groups about these factors.
Comparison between women and men
The NAS sample size in Quebec was too small to provide quality estimates to compare women and men with respect to the main reason they discontinued their apprenticeship programs (Appendix 1 Table A.1.7.2.1).
Comparison between Aboriginal peoples and all other apprentices
The NAS sample size in Quebec was too small to provide quality estimates to compare Aboriginal peoples and all others with respect to the main reason they discontinued their apprenticeship programs (Appendix 1 Table A.1.7.2.2).
Comparison between landed immigrants and all other apprentices
The NAS sample size in Quebec was too small to provide quality estimates to compare landed immigrants and all others with respect to the main reason they discontinued their apprenticeship programs (see Appendix 1 Table A.1.7.2.3).
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