Health Indicators
Non-medical determinants of health

Health behaviours

Smoking

Definition:
Population aged 12 and over who reported being a current smoker, daily or occasional. Occasional smokers include former daily smokers who now smoke occasionally. Does not take into account the number of cigarettes smoked.

Smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, chronic respiratory disease, and other conditions. According to the World Health Organization, smoking is an important and preventable cause of death.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0096-01 Canadian health characteristics, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada (excluding territories) and provinces

Table: 13-10-0113-01 Canadian health characteristics, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories and health regions

Table: 13-10-0805-01 Canadian health characteristics, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and population centres

Heavy drinking

Note:
Starting in 2009, the denominator includes all the population aged 12 and over. This change applies to rates from all years in this table. In data released before 2009, the denominator included only the population who reported having had at least one drink in the past 12 months. Increasing the population in the denominator reduces the estimate rates. This change was implemented to produce more comparable rates over time and is more consistent with methods used in calculating other indicators.

A definition change was implemented in 2013 to conform with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines for Heavy Drinking. Heavy Drinking refers to males who reported having 5 or more drinks, or women who reported having 4 or more drinks, on one occasion, at least once a month in the past year.  While this indicator remains comparable for males to the 5 or more drinks indicator published in previous years, it is no longer comparable for females.

Definition:
Heavy Drinking refers to males who reported having 5 or more drinks, or women who reported having 4 or more drinks, on one occasion, at least once a month in the past year. This level of alcohol consumption can have serious health and social consequences, especially when combined with other behaviours such as driving while intoxicated.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0096-01 Canadian health characteristics, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada (excluding territories) and provinces

Table: 13-10-0113-01 Canadian health characteristics, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories and health regions

Table: 13-10-0805-01 Canadian health characteristics, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and population centres

Physical activity during leisure time

Definition:
Population aged 12 and over who reported a level of physical activity, based on their responses to questions about the frequency, nature and duration of their participation in leisure time physical activity.

Respondents are classified as active, moderately active or inactive based on an index of average daily physical activity over the past 3 months. For each leisure time physical activity engaged in by the respondent, an average daily energy expenditure is calculated by multiplying the number of times the activity was performed by the average duration of the activity by the energy cost (kilocalories per kilogram of body weight per hour) of the activity. The index is calculated as the sum of the average daily energy expenditures of all activities. Respondents are classified as follows: 3.0 kcal/kg/day or more = physically active; 1.5 to 2.9 kcal/kg/day = moderately active; less than 1.5 kcal per day = inactive.

The health benefits of physical activity include a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, some types of cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, depression, stress and anxiety.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0451-01 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries) and peer groups

Table: 13-10-0452-01 Health indicator profile, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries)

Table: 13-10-0464-01 Health indicator profile, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and influence zones

Self-reported physical activity, 150 minutes per week, adult (18 years and over)

Definition:
Canadians aged 18 and over. Based on the number of minutes of physical activity reported in the last 7 days. Indicates whether adults are physically active, meaning that they participate in at least 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic physical activity per week, in bouts of 10 minutes or more. Moderate exercise is defined as an activity that causes a person to breathe harder and sweat at least a little.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0096-01 Canadian health characteristics, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada (excluding territories) and provinces

Table: 13-10-0113-01 Canadian health characteristics, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories and health regions

Table: 13-10-0805-01 Canadian health characteristics, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and population centres

Self-reported physical activity, average 60 minutes per day, youth (12 to 17 years old)

Definition:
Canadians aged 12 to 17. Based on the number of minutes of physical activity reported in the last 7 days. Indicates whether a youth is physically active by practicing an average of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity each day. Moderate exercise is defined as an activity that causes a person to breathe harder and sweat at least a little.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0096-01 Canadian health characteristics, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada (excluding territories) and provinces

Table: 13-10-0113-01 Canadian health characteristics, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories and health regions

Table: 13-10-0805-01 Canadian health characteristics, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and population centres

Breastfeeding practices

Note: As of June 2010, the method of calculation for the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the Annual estimates has been modified to produce more comparable rates over time.

Definition:
The breastfeeding practices of women aged 15 to 55 who had a baby in the previous five years.

“Initiated breastfeeding” refers to women who breastfed or tried to breastfeed their last child even if only for a short time. “Exclusive breastfeeding” refers to an infant receiving only breast milk, without any additional liquid (even water) or solid food.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0096-01 Canadian health characteristics, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada (excluding territories) and provinces

Table: 13-10-0113-01 Canadian health characteristics, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories and health regions

Table: 13-10-0805-01 Canadian health characteristics, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and population centres

Fruit and vegetable consumption

Definition:
Population aged 12 and over, by the average number of times per day that they consume fruits and vegetables. Measure does not take into account the amount consumed.

Fruit and vegetables are an important source of vitamins, minerals and fibre. A diet rich in fruit and vegetables may reduce the risk of heart disease and some types of cancer.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0096-01 Canadian health characteristics, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada (excluding territories) and provinces

Table: 13-10-0113-01 Canadian health characteristics, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories and health regions

Table: 13-10-0805-01 Canadian health characteristics, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and population centres

Bicycle helmet use

Definition:
Population aged 12 and over who reported that they always wore a helmet when riding a bicycle in the last 12 months.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0451-01 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries) and peer groups

Table: 13-10-0452-01 Health indicator profile, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries)

Table: 13-10-0464-01 Health indicator profile, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and influence zones

Living and working conditions

High school graduates

Definition:
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' refers to whether or not a person has completed a secondary school or high school diploma, graduation certificate, or equivalency certificate. Secondary school (high school) diploma or graduation certificate includes academic or vocational high school diplomas or certificates as may be obtained by graduating from a secondary school. High school equivalency certificate includes the successful completion of a high school equivalency test such as the General Educational Development (GED) test, or obtaining an Adult Basic Education (ABE) certificate where it is equivalent to the completion of secondary school.

A measure of educational attainment and socio-economic status.

Sources:
Statistics Canada,  Census of Population and National Household Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 17-10-0123-01 Census indicator profile, based on the 2016 Census long-form questionnaire, Canada, provinces and territories, and health regions (2017 boundaries)

Table: 37-10-0092-01 National Household Survey indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2014 boundaries) and peer groups, 2011

Table: 17-10-0100-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2011 boundaries) and peer groups, 2006

Table: 17-10-0099-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups, 2001

Post-secondary graduates

Definition:
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

A measure of educational attainment and socio–economic status.

Sources:
Statistics Canada, Census of Population and National Household Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 17-10-0123-01 Census indicator profile, based on the 2016 Census long-form questionnaire, Canada, provinces and territories, and health regions (2017 boundaries)

Table: 37-10-0092-01 National Household Survey indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2014 boundaries) and peer groups, 2011

Table: 17-10-0100-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2011 boundaries) and peer groups, 2006

Table: 17-10-0099-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups, 2001

Unemployment rate

Definition:
The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of the labour force. The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status or others) is the number of unemployed in that group expressed as a percentage of the labour force for that group.

The labour force consists of people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but were available to work in the reference week and had looked for work in the past 4 weeks. Reference week refers to a one-week period (from Sunday to Saturday) that usually includes the 15th day of the month. The Labour Force Survey excludes residents of Indian Reserves, Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut, inmates of institutions and full-time members of the Armed Forces. Labour Force Survey exclusions account for less than 2% of the population aged 15 and over.

The unemployment rate is a traditional measure of the economy. Unemployed people tend to experience more health problems.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey (special tabulations).

Data tables:
Table: 14-10-0334-01 Unemployment rate, Canada, provinces, health regions (2017 boundaries) and peer groups

Long-term unemployment rate

Definition:
The long term unemployed includes unemployed individuals who last worked in or before 2015.

The labour force consists of people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but were available to work in the reference period and had looked for work in the past four weeks.

Unemployed people tend to experience more health problems. Long–term unemployment could extend ones' susceptibility to poor health.

Sources:
Statistics Canada, Census of Population and National Household Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 17-10-0123-01 Census indicator profile, based on the 2016 Census long-form questionnaire, Canada, provinces and territories, and health regions (2017 boundaries)

Table: 37-10-0092-01 National Household Survey indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2014 boundaries) and peer groups, 2011

Table: 17-10-0100-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2011 boundaries) and peer groups, 2006

Table: 17-10-0099-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups, 2001

Low income rate

Definition:
Income levels at which families or persons not in economic families spend 20 percentage points more than average of their before tax income on food, shelter and clothing.  The low income concept does not apply to the full population in private households. For the purposes of low income statistics, units in the Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories and Nunavut and on Indian reserves were excluded.

The term "economic family" refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A widely used measure of socio-economic status. Higher income is associated with better health.

A widely used measure of socio-economic status. Higher income is associated with better health.

Sources:
Statistics Canada, Census of Population and National Household Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 17-10-0123-01 Census indicator profile, based on the 2016 Census long-form questionnaire, Canada, provinces and territories, and health regions (2017 boundaries)

Table: 37-10-0092-01 National Household Survey indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2014 boundaries) and peer groups, 2011

Table: 17-10-0100-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2011 boundaries) and peer groups, 2006

Table: 17-10-0099-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups, 2001

Children in low-income families

Definition:
Population of children aged 17 and under living in economic families who spend 20 percentage points more than average of their before tax income on food, shelter and clothing.   The low income concept does not apply to the full population in private households. For the purposes of low income statistics, units in the Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories and Nunavut and on Indian reserves were excluded.

The term "economic family" refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship.

A widely used measure of children at risk.

Sources:
Statistics Canada, Census of Population and National Household Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 17-10-0123-01 Census indicator profile, based on the 2016 Census long-form questionnaire, Canada, provinces and territories, and health regions (2017 boundaries)

Table: 37-10-0092-01 National Household Survey indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2014 boundaries) and peer groups, 2011

Table: 17-10-0100-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2011 boundaries) and peer groups, 2006

Table: 17-10-0099-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups, 2001

Average personal income

Definition:
Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2015. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2015.

Higher income is associated with better health.

Sources:
Statistics Canada, Census of Population and National Household Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 17-10-0123-01 Census indicator profile, based on the 2016 Census long-form questionnaire, Canada, provinces and territories, and health regions (2017 boundaries)

Table: 37-10-0092-01 National Household Survey indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2014 boundaries) and peer groups, 2011

Table: 17-10-0100-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2011 boundaries) and peer groups, 2006

Table: 17-10-0099-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups, 2001

Median share of income

Definition:
The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves. That is, the incomes of the first half of the households are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income.

Sources:
Statistics Canada, Census of Population and National Household Survey, special tabulations.

Data tables:
Table: 17-10-0123-01 Census indicator profile, based on the 2016 Census long-form questionnaire, Canada, provinces and territories, and health regions (2017 boundaries)

Table: 37-10-0092-01 National Household Survey indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2014 boundaries) and peer groups, 2011

Table: 17-10-0100-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2011 boundaries) and peer groups, 2006

Table: 17-10-0099-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups, 2001

Government transfer income

Definition:
Refers to all cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments.

Sources:
Statistics Canada, Census of Population and National Household Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 17-10-0123-01 Census indicator profile, based on the 2016 Census long-form questionnaire, Canada, provinces and territories, and health regions (2017 boundaries)

Table: 37-10-0092-01 National Household Survey indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2014 boundaries) and peer groups, 2011

Table: 17-10-0100-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2011 boundaries) and peer groups, 2006

Table: 17-10-0099-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups, 2001

Housing affordability

Definition:
Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.  Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.  Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.  Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.  The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.  The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

• employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
• income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
• income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
• other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
• income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

• one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
• capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
• employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
• voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

As a general rule, households are considered to have affordability problems if more than 30% of household income is spent on housing costs. At that level of spending, it is likely that inadequate funds will be available for other necessities such as food, clothing, and transportation. Housing affordability problems affect renters more than owners.

Sources:
Statistics Canada, Census of Population and National Household Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 17-10-0123-01 Census indicator profile, based on the 2016 Census long-form questionnaire, Canada, provinces and territories, and health regions (2017 boundaries)

Table: 37-10-0092-01 National Household Survey indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2014 boundaries) and peer groups, 2011

Table: 17-10-0100-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2011 boundaries) and peer groups, 2006

Table: 17-10-0099-01 Census indicator profile, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups, 2001

Crime Incidents

Definition:
The number and rate (per 100,000 population) of total Criminal Code offences, violent crimes, property crimes, and other crimes.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 35-10-0177-01 Incident-based crime statistics, by detailed violations

Adults and Youth Charged

Definition:
The number and rate (per 100,000 population) of youths, aged 12 to 17 years, or adults, aged 18 and over, charged with Criminal Code offences by type of offence.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 35-10-0177-01 Incident-based crime statistics, by detailed violations

Household food insecurity

Definition:
Food security is commonly understood to exist in a household when all people, at all times, have access to sufficient safe and nutritious food for an active and healthy life. Conversely, food insecurity occurs when food quality and/or quantity are compromised, typically associated with limited financial resources.

Recognized as an important public health issue in Canada, household food insecurity has been associated with a range of poor physical, mental health outcomes, for example, self-assessed poor/fair health, multiple chronic conditions, obesity, distress, and depression.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0463-01 Household food insecurity, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries) and peer groups

Table: 13-10-0462-01 Household food insecurity measures, by presence of children in the household, Canada, provinces and territories

Personal resources

Sense of community belonging

Definition:
Population aged 12 and over who reported a sense of belonging to their local community as being very strong or somewhat strong.

Research shows a high correlation of sense of community belonging with physical and mental health.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0096-01 Canadian health characteristics, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada (excluding territories) and provinces

Table: 13-10-0113-01 Canadian health characteristics, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories and health regions

Table: 13-10-0805-01 Canadian health characteristics, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and population centres

Life satisfaction

Definition:
Population aged 12 and over who reported being satisfied or very satisfied with their life in general.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0096-01 Canadian health characteristics, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada (excluding territories) and provinces

Table: 13-10-0113-01 Canadian health characteristics, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories and health regions

Table: 13-10-0805-01 Canadian health characteristics, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and population centres

Environmental factors

Exposure to second-hand smoke at home

Definition:
Non-smoking population aged 12 and over who reported that at least one person smoked inside their home every day or almost every day.

Smoking includes cigarettes, cigars and pipes.

‘Passive smoking,’ or exposure to second-hand smoke, has negative respiratory health effects. Two of the most common associated diseases are lung cancer in adults and asthma among children.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0451-01 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries) and peer groups

Table: 13-10-0452-01 Health indicator profile, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries)

Table: 13-10-0464-01 Health indicator profile, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and influence zones

Exposure to second-hand smoke in vehicles and public places

Definition:
Non-smoking population aged 12 and over who reported being exposed to second-hand smoke in private vehicles and/or public places every day or almost every day during the past month.

Smoking includes cigarettes, cigars and pipes.

‘Passive smoking,’ or exposure to second-hand smoke, has negative respiratory health effects. Two of the most common associated diseases are lung cancer in adults and asthma among children.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey.

Data tables:
Table: 13-10-0451-01 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries) and peer groups

Table: 13-10-0452-01 Health indicator profile, two year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2013 boundaries)

Table: 13-10-0464-01 Health indicator profile, two-year period estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, census metropolitan areas and influence zones

Lead concentration

Definition:
Concentration of lead in the blood of the population aged 3 to 79.

Lead is a heavy metal (and known toxicant) that occurs naturally in the environment.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Health Measures Survey.

Data tables:
Table 3.3 Lead — Whole blood concentrations (μg/dL) for the Canadian population by sex and age group, 2014–2015

Table 58 Distribution of lead (µmol/L) measured in whole blood for the household population, by age and sex, Canada, 2009 to 2011

Table 59 Distribution of lead (µg/dL) measured in whole blood for the household population, by age and sex, Canada, 2009 to 2011

Table 60 Distribution of the household population by the concentration of whole blood lead in micromoles per litre, by age and sex, Canada, 2007 to 2009

Table 61 Distribution of the household population by the concentration of whole blood lead in micrograms per decilitre, by age and sex, Canada, 2007 to 2009

Bisphenol A concentration

Definition:
Concentration of bisphenol A in the urine of the population aged 3 to 79.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical used primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastic (such as food containers and water bottles) and epoxy resins (commonly used in protective linings for canned food, coatings on metal lids of glass bottles/jars, and dental sealants).

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Health Measures Survey.

Data tables:
Table 2.1 Bisphenol A (BPA) — Urine concentrations (μg/L) for the Canadian population by sex and age group, 2014–2015

Table 57 Distribution of bisphenol A measured in urine for the household population, by age and sex, Canada, 2009 to 2011

Table 58 Distribution of the household population by the concentration of urine bisphenol A, by age and sex, Canada, 2007 to 2009

Table 59 Distribution of the household population by the concentration of urine bisphenol A standardized with urine creatinine, by age and sex, Canada, 2007 to 2009

Mercury concentration

Definition:
Concentration of mercury in the blood of the population aged 3 to 79.

Mercury is a heavy metal that occurs naturally in the environment and exists in three forms: elemental, inorganic and organic.

Source:
Statistics Canada, Canadian Health Measures Survey.

Data tables:
Table 3.4-1 Mercury (inorganic) — Urine concentrations (μg/L) for the Canadian population by sex and age group, 2014–2015

Table 3.4-2 Mercury (total) — Whole blood concentrations (μg/L) for the Canadian population by sex and age group, 2014–2015

Table 60 Distribution of mercury (nmol/L) measured in whole blood for the household population, by age and sex, Canada, 2009 to 2011

Table 61 Distribution of mercury (µg/L) measured in whole blood for the household population, by age and sex, Canada, 2009 to 2011

Table 62 Distribution of the household population by the concentration of whole blood mercury in nanomoles per litre, by age and sex, Canada, 2007 to 2009

Table 63 Distribution of the household population by the concentration of whole blood mercury in micrograms per litre, by age and sex, Canada, 2007 to 2009