Section two: Components of population growth
Fertility
- A faster increase in the number of deaths compared to number of births
- In 2011, Canadian women had an average of 1.61 children
- Canada’s fertility is in the mid-range for G8 countries
- The fertility of women aged 30 to 34 has surpassed that of women aged 25 to 29
- Declining fertility among younger generations
- Average age at childbirth now more than 30 years of age
Mortality
- Life expectancy in Canada increased steadily throughout the 20th Century
- Life expectancy in Canada is one of the highest in world
- The majority of deaths now occur at older ages
- Substantial decline in infant mortality during the 20th Century
- In Canada, 87% of males and 92% of females reach age 65
Migration
- Variation in immigration level to Canada during last 150 years
- The majority of immigrants to Canada now come from Asia
- Most immigrants admitted to Canada in 2012 were part of the economic category of the immigration policy
- Many immigrants come to Canada in the prime of life
- Positive net number of non-permanent residents since late 1990s
- Net emigration estimated at 38,900 in 2012/2013
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