Police-Reported Indigenous and Racialized Identity Data Collection through the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey

Opened: July 2021
Results posted: September 2022
Updated posted: July 2023

Police-Reported Indigenous and Racialized Identity Data Collection Initiative

In recent years, there have been increasing demands for better disaggregated data to shed light on people's diverse experiences. Disaggregated data can help identify issues of social inequities, discrimination, and systemic racism within Canadian society. Concerns for the unequal treatment of Indigenous and racialized peoples in the Canadian criminal justice system revealed important gaps in the availability of disaggregated data. This situation is especially true for information on the identity of people who encounter police for various reasons, including criminal incidents.

On July 15, 2020, Statistics Canada, and the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police (CACP) announced their commitment to working on the collection of data on the Indigenous and racialized identity of all victims and accused persons in criminal incidents through the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Survey. The UCR Survey collects information on all criminal incidents reported by Canadian police services to monitor the nature and extent of police-reported crime in Canada. This mutual commitment is in response to growing demands for such information to contribute to a better understanding of the experiences of First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples and racialized communities when interacting with the police.

The purpose of this initiative is not the evaluation of individual police officers, nor is it intended to single out Indigenous and racialized communities for policing and enforcement purposes. Instead, it seeks to provide insights and further understanding of experiences faced by Indigenous and racialized peoples to address systemic issues of racism, discrimination, and inequity within the Canadian criminal justice system. Although this initiative focuses solely on police-reported criminal incidents, it will, nonetheless, shed light on the experiences of Indigenous and racialized communities in relation to the policing and the criminal justice system.

Using a multi-phased approach, Statistics Canada began working toward the goal of enabling the collection of these data by police services.

Phase I: Consultative engagement

Statistics Canada embarked on a consultative engagement process in July 2020 to seek feedback on the collection of Indigenous and racialized identity data through the UCR Survey. The engagement process sought advice on the value of collecting this sensitive information, and input on how police should collect and report the data, what information should be reported, how the data should be used and accessed, as well as other related concerns. It included people from diverse perspectives, including community organizations, academics, police services, the public and other parties of interest at the national, provincial/territorial, municipal, and local government level.

The engagement process was conducted via two main approaches. First, an engagement document was created which included background information on the data collection initiative, a questionnaire to complete and space for respondents to provide additional information they thought should be considered as part of the project. Based on feedback, a shortened version of the engagement document was then created to improve accessibility and reduce respondent burden. Second, a series of virtual group discussions were held with various respondents to complement the responses received through the written submissions. Additionally, formal, and informal meetings were held with various partners and other parties of interest about the initiative and the resulting feedback was also compiled.

This phase of engagement is now closed.

Statistics Canada has the obligation to keep administrative data private, secure, and confidential. The confidentiality of data is governed by the Statistics Act, Privacy Act, and Access to Information Act, and by departmental policies and directives.

Consultative Engagement Findings

There was broad support amongst respondents for the initiative across all sectors canvassed - including community organizations and police services. The feedback received resulted in the following six key recommendations as the best way to move forward with the initiative:

  • Recommendation 1
    The collection of information on the Indigenous and racialized identity of accused persons and victims of crimes through the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey should be conducted through both the "officer perception" method and the "self-identification" method.
  • Recommendation 2
    The collection of information on the Indigenous and racialized identity of accused persons and victims of crimes through the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey should be conducted using Statistics Canada's standardized population group categories for both the "self-identification" method and "officer perception" method.
  • Recommendation 3
    The Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police work together with Statistics Canada and other parties of interest to establish national collection standards and guidelines that will integrate with police procedures, processes, and workflow.
  • Recommendation 4
    Any training delivered by Statistics Canada, or the police community should emphasize the importance of the data collection initiative and the benefits for the Canadian population, policymakers, and the police.
  • Recommendation 5
    The analysis and use of information on the Indigenous and racialized identity of accused persons and victims of crimes be done in a manner that reflects the realities experienced by Indigenous and racialized communities through the inclusion of context to all its publications and related dissemination products.
  • Recommendation 6
    To ensure consistency, the standards developed in the context of this initiative should be considered for future data collection within justice and community safety sectors.

The full report is available in HTML and PDF formats: Report and Draft Recommendations: Police-Reported Indigenous and Racialized Identity Statistics via the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey.

Phase II: Operationalization

Statistics Canada is currently working on the second phase of the initiative, which focuses on the operationalization of the recommendations from phase I. This second phase includes another series of consultative engagements, the results of which will be published at a later date. To communicate the status of the initiative, a progress report of on-going activities and planned next steps was published in July 2023 in HTML and PDF formats: Police-reported Indigenous and Racialized Identity Data Through the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey: Progress Update and Next Steps

Statistics Canada thanks participants for engaging in this initiative. Their insights will help guide the agency in the provision of better disaggregated data on people's diverse experiences with the criminal justice system.

Retail Commodity Survey: CVs for Total Sales (April 2021)

Retail Commodity Survey: CVs for total sales (April 2021)
NAPCS-CANADA Month
202101 202102 202103 202104
Total commodities, retail trade commissions and miscellaneous services 0.67 0.72 0.66 0.65
Retail Services (except commissions) [561] 0.67 0.72 0.66 0.63
Food at retail [56111] 0.98 0.99 0.61 0.62
Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages, at retail [56112] 0.70 0.63 0.56 0.54
Cannabis products, at retail [56113] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Clothing at retail [56121] 1.62 1.22 1.30 1.59
Footwear at retail [56122] 3.41 3.12 2.01 1.93
Jewellery and watches, luggage and briefcases, at retail [56123] 7.67 3.47 5.10 5.25
Home furniture, furnishings, housewares, appliances and electronics, at retail [56131] 0.94 0.96 0.83 0.81
Sporting and leisure products (except publications, audio and video recordings, and game software), at retail [56141] 2.72 2.88 2.30 3.13
Publications at retail [56142] 8.45 6.04 8.72 7.53
Audio and video recordings, and game software, at retail [56143] 3.13 7.15 5.43 12.11
Motor vehicles at retail [56151] 2.21 2.68 2.18 2.10
Recreational vehicles at retail [56152] 6.21 3.87 5.44 5.00
Motor vehicle parts, accessories and supplies, at retail [56153] 1.65 1.80 1.86 1.77
Automotive and household fuels, at retail [56161] 2.18 2.06 2.19 1.61
Home health products at retail [56171] 3.83 2.39 2.73 2.42
Infant care, personal and beauty products, at retail [56172] 2.33 2.30 2.37 2.12
Hardware, tools, renovation and lawn and garden products, at retail [56181] 1.76 2.10 1.66 1.78
Miscellaneous products at retail [56191] 2.60 2.45 3.21 3.00
Total retail trade commissions and miscellaneous services Footnote 1 1.53 1.66 1.83 1.73

Footnotes

Footnote 1

Comprises the following North American Product Classification System (NAPCS): 51411, 51412, 53112, 56211, 57111, 58111, 58121, 58122, 58131, 58141, 72332, 833111, 841, 85131 and 851511.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Retail Commodity Survey: CVs for total sales (first quarter 2021)

Retail Commodity Survey: CVs for total sales (first quarter 2021)
NAPCS-CANADA Quarter
2020Q1 2020Q2 2020Q3 2020Q4 2021Q1
Total commodities, retail trade commissions and miscellaneous services 0.52 0.53 0.61 0.54 0.67
Retail Services (except commissions) [561] 0.52 0.53 0.60 0.53 0.66
Food at retail [56111] 0.59 0.69 0.66 0.71 1.16
Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages, at retail [56112] 0.43 0.48 0.52 0.58 0.61
Cannabis products, at retail [56113] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Clothing at retail [56121] 0.71 1.35 0.80 1.00 0.98
Footwear at retail [56122] 1.18 2.87 1.93 1.76 1.98
Jewellery and watches, luggage and briefcases, at retail [56123] 5.87 18.57 9.67 2.02 2.53
Home furniture, furnishings, housewares, appliances and electronics, at retail [56131] 1.67 0.57 0.55 0.56 0.58
Sporting and leisure products (except publications, audio and video recordings, and game software), at retail [56141] 2.41 1.98 3.23 2.19 1.70
Publications at retail [56142] 6.90 9.43 7.47 6.14 6.31
Audio and video recordings, and game software, at retail [56143] 6.13 3.27 5.69 5.95 4.61
Motor vehicles at retail [56151] 1.86 2.03 2.18 1.91 2.45
Recreational vehicles at retail [56152] 2.39 4.20 2.68 5.37 3.94
Motor vehicle parts, accessories and supplies, at retail [56153] 1.40 1.40 1.57 1.31 1.95
Automotive and household fuels, at retail [56161] 1.91 2.94 2.23 2.04 2.48
Home health products at retail [56171] 2.62 2.70 2.62 3.36 3.05
Infant care, personal and beauty products, at retail [56172] 2.88 2.82 2.12 2.76 2.97
Hardware, tools, renovation and lawn and garden products, at retail [56181] 1.38 1.84 1.46 1.14 1.52
Miscellaneous products at retail [56191] 2.01 2.69 2.34 2.36 1.99
Total retail trade commissions and miscellaneous services Footnotes 1 1.52 1.54 1.71 1.65 1.58

Footnotes

Footnote 1

Comprises the following North American Product Classification System (NAPCS): 51411, 51412, 53112, 56211, 57111, 58111, 58121, 58122, 58131, 58141, 72332, 833111, 841, 85131 and 851511.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

List of ethnic or cultural origins 2021 - note on special characters

Due to computer system constraints, a small number of ethnic or cultural origin names that include special characters cannot be presented correctly on this page. The following list shows the correct spelling of these names:

Correct spelling of these names
Code Name
1020222 Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw origins
102022201 Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw, n.o.s.
102022202 Dzawada̱ʼenux̱w
102022208 'Na̱mǥis
102022212 Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw origins, n.i.e.
10202310214 Stó:lō
10202310217 W̱SÁNEĆ (Saanich)

The CSV version of the List of ethnic or cultural origins 2021 shows the correct spelling of all of the names on the list.

CSV Format

List of ethnic or cultural origins 2021 - Classification structure (CSV, 16.02 KB)

Opening remarks by the Chief Statistician - Canadian Centre for Energy Information May 12, 2021 Meeting

  • I'm honoured to be speaking to you from Ottawa, the unceded territory of the Algonquin people – and to show respect to all the Indigenous people who have walked these lands.
  • I would like to welcome you to this meeting of the External Advisory Committee for the CCEI. I am extremely grateful and excited about your participation on this important strategic committee, which is critical to the long-term success of this initiative.
  • Over the past year, your advice, insights and contributions have been essential in our quest to begin addressing a long-term gap that Canadians have faced with respect to centralized, integrated, and quality energy data to enable analysis and inform decision making.
  • We all witnessed the substantial impact that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the energy sector at a critical time in history as countries race to address climate change.
  • Canadian production of crude oil and equivalent products saw the largest annual decline since 1999, while pandemic-related measures resulted in reduced electricity demand from industrial and commercial consumers.
  • In fact, electricity generation in 2020 fell to the lowest level of production since 2015.
  • In parallel, as part of the energy transition, utilities dialed back electricity generation from combustible fuels and nuclear generation in favour of electricity generation from renewable sources – reflecting the growing drive and commitment to pursue cleaner energy sources.
  • In 2020, electricity generation from renewables rose to their highest level since the beginning of this series in 2008!
  • This transition will result in new jobs as investments are made; however, there will also be an impact on traditional oil and gas jobs in the energy sector many of which employ various marginalized groups such as immigrants and Indigenous people.
  • Now more than ever, Canadians need quality data on the energy sector to inform policy and investment decisions by public and private sector organizations. The CCEI has a vital role to play towards providing data and insights to support the post-COVID-19 recovery phase and the transformation of our energy sector that the government and private sector partners strive to achieve towards a net-zero scenario.
  • Your participation this past year has helped support us in achieving some really important and exciting foundational milestones to house this information.
  • We launched a user-centric website in October 2020, currently reflecting more than 550 data sets from over 80 data providers from across Canada - forming the foundation for the program for the eventual addition of more robust data collection and integration in coming years and for the roll out more powerful tools enabling modelling and collaboration.
  • In addition, your advice was fed into the CCEI's federal-provincial-territorial collaborative governance process, which culminated in approval by Deputy Minister Tremblay's and my colleagues across provincial/territorial energy ministries, the Canada Energy Regulator, and Environment and Climate Change Canada, of an extensive work plan for 2021.
  • Our work plan and priorities were endorsed with overwhelming support for the work that we are doing. Each one of you has played an important role in your area of expertise – your insights ensured that diverse perspectives and needs across Canada were considered.
  • Over the past year, we have also launched a variety of new interactive data tools, analytical articles and other exciting products through the CCEI, improving the accessibility of relevant energy information: new tools to track trends on energy use for various industries and households, infographics on zero-emission electric vehicles and data and tools on GHG emissions of energy industries.
  • For example, we released infographics and analysis on labour displacement in coal mining and oil and gas to provide insights on how workers in these industries fared a year after job loss. We found that nearly three-quarters of workers permanently laid-off found paid employment in the year following job loss, but the jobs were predominantly outside the sector and at lower pay.
  • This is just the start of our work – we all know we have a lot more work to do. But I am proud of all the work we have done to date and the exciting partnerships we have created to build a strong foundation for the CCEI.
  • I expect more great things from this program in the coming year, including additional data tools and products to support user needs.
  • In the 2021-22 federal budget, the federal government announced plans for significant investment in Statistics Canada to better integrate social, economic and environmental data, disaggregated at much finer levels into our core programs throughout the agency. This will enable Statistics Canada to expand its role in providing the evidence-based foundation upon which strong, effective policies can be built.
  • As an example, later this summer the CCEI will share highly anticipated tools that will provide rich information on demographics in the energy sector, including participation of women, Indigenous peoples and new immigrants – obtained through analysis of rich data sets from the Natural Resources Satellite Account.
  • This data provides powerful insights into energy workforce, for example:
    • Women represent just under one-third of the total energy workforce, where the wage-gap between the sexes has declined from 78 cents per dollar in 2009 to 85 cents per dollar in 2019.
    • Immigrant workers in the oil and gas sector accounted for 41% of workers in the sector in 2019, up from 26% in 2009.
    • Indigenous people represented 6% of all workers in the oil and gas sector, compared to 4% in 2009.
  • We will also continue to make progress towards establishing common standards and data reconciliation with FPT partners, as well as ongoing work with NRCan and the CER on our real-time electricity data initiative.
  • With so many varying needs and interests to consider in creating integrated and trusted data for the CCEI, ongoing strategic priority setting is critical to our success, so that our resources are invested in the most impactful areas.
  • I am excited to see the rich experience and backgrounds you collectively bring to the table as we start the deep dives required to achieve the CCEI objectives of creating a space for trusted, coherent, and high quality energy information. With our focus this year on data reconciliation on initial topics identified in the CCEI work plan and development of energy standards, your knowledge, advice and especially your networks will continue to play a key role on ensuring the relevance and credibility of the CCEI.
  • This work cannot be done by Statistics Canada alone – we need to bring the right data experts to the table, and collectively, we can make a meaningful difference. We will look to you for help in identifying these contacts.
  • In addition, we must keep working in our agile and iterative way, so that we are responsive to stakeholder needs, and that we are constantly shifting to reflect current priorities in the CCEI's annual work plans. We will continue to be open, transparent, and inclusive – building strategic partnerships and continuously engaging with a diverse group of stakeholders and Indigenous communities.
  • Thank you again for your support, and I look forward to leveraging your insights and advice through this committee to support informed decisions by the FPT Deputy Minister Steering Committee to establish the key priorities for this program to tackle over the next few years.

Canadian Centre for Energy Information external stakeholder meeting - May 12, 2021

Meeting Summary: Key Points and Action Items

Participants

EAC participants: Andrew Leach, Annette Hester, Allan Fogwill (EAC co-chair), Ben Brunnen, Brad Griffin, Colleen d'Entremont (EAC co-chair), Channa Perera, Ericka Wicks, Louis Beaumier, Krista Nelson, Saad Sarfraz, Sonia Hernandez

Statistics Canada (StatCan) participants: Anil Arora, Christine Poon, Greg Peterson, Ziad Shadid, Mary Beth Garneau, Jennifer Johnson, Rene Beaudoin, Angelo Elias, Kristin Daley, Brent Wakeford

Federal observers: Eric Sancartier (NRCan), Nick Macaluso (ECCC), Karen Morton (CER)

Regrets: Samantha Morton, Bruce Lourie

Introduction from the EAC co-chairs

The Committee co-chairs welcomed members and advised the group of the newest member of the EAC, Sonia Hernandez, Director, National Bank of Canada.

Opening address from the Chief Statistician

Anil Arora, Canada's Chief Statistician, made opening remarks to the EAC members, discussed the importance of each member's insight and advice towards the support of the Canadian Centre for Energy Information (CCEI) as it achieves its objectives. The Chief Statistician spoke to the success of the Centre and addressed that member insights are essential to address long-term gaps to inform decision making. Mr. Arora also spoke to the substantial impact the energy sector has witnessed due to the pandemic. Mr. Arora thanked the committee members for their time and commitment to the initiative.

Action Items:

  1. StatCan will provide a copy of the Chief Statistician's opening remarks to EAC members.

Strategic update

StatCan presented an update on the federal-provincial-territorial (FPT) collaborative governance and priority setting process and DM approval of the CCEI work plan for the next 12 months, in addition to providing an overview of new energy information products produced by StatCan and an early look at new content and tools to be added to the CCEI website in 2021-22.

Members were supportive of the process to establish the CCEI priorities and work plan and were particularly interested in new, upcoming products to be released under the CCEI umbrella this year. Specific questions were raised with respect to the availability of these products in open formats and the timeliness of data to be released (e.g., data to be released under the Natural Resources Satellite Account and the Report on Energy Supply and Demand both have a reference year of 2019). StatCan spoke to the work being undertaken to improve the timeliness of the supply and use tables – this would enable more timely Physical Flow Accounts that connect energy and environmental data. A member asked if it would be possible to expand supply and use tables to the municipal level, and some members indicated they are interested in municipal-level data, while others preferred StatCan focus on provincial data with less data suppression. While there are no plans to extend supply and use tables to a municipal level, StatCan is currently working with the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) to identify high-priority items, but will follow up with members to have a discussion on methods to allocate data to the municipal level.

Members were extremely pleased with progress on the CCEI website, and wanted to know more about upcoming additions, including the expanded energy end use web page. StatCan indicated that foundational pieces are currently being developed, and that the website will continue to grow, integrating new interactive elements, and integrating data external to StatCan over the coming years. StatCan invited members to provide feedback on the current website or the information housed, as well as suggestions for future improvements, which are welcome at any time. StatCan reiterated that feedback such as this is critical to the continuous improvement of the website.

Committee members were also interested in recent StatCan's federal Budget 2021 allocations related to the environment, and how it relates to the work of the CCEI. StatCan provided a brief overview on the new Census of the Environment, which will allow StatCan to measure the condition of ecosystems and goods and services derived from ecosystems. In addition, StatCan indicated that other Budget elements are also complementary to the CCEI, including items related to disaggregated data and the measurement of social inclusion.

Action items

  1. A separate meeting will be set up with two of the EAC members to discuss methods to allocate provincial data to the municipal-level.
  2. Members will provide any additional feedback on the CCEI website or recommended future improvements.

CCEI engagement and communications

StatCan provided an overview of planned engagement and communications activities for the CCEI to seek strategic advice from members, including how best to reach specific stakeholder groups and Indigenous communities.

Members recommended that the CCEI communicate more frequently with the EAC and better leverage members when looking to share new product releases, as they could re-share social media and they may also have their own platforms to assist with re-broadcasting content related to the CCEI. One member offered to be the CCEI's interface with the modelling community. The EAC advised StatCan to be cautious when promoting energy information products on special days such as Earth Day, as the selection of specific days to feature may be perceived as biased. StatCan will continue to work with their communications team on the CCEI's communication strategy to mitigate the risk of unintentional bias.

The EAC recommended that the CCEI consider developing webinars to go along with product releases to increase visibility of the CCEI – cognizant of capacity limitations. Members also suggested that the CCEI leverage energy organizations or EAC members to provide the content.

With respect to Indigenous engagement, several members offered to make connections for the CCEI. StatCan was cautioned that Indigenous groups and individuals must be compensated for their time to provide data input.

Action Items:

  1. StatCan will provide members with details on the social media platforms that StatCan are currently using for EAC members to follow, and will provide more frequent communications to members on product releases.
  2. StatCan will provide members with tailored write-ups on the CCEI that could be used in meetings or in publications to promote the CCEI by their respective organizations.
  3. Meetings will be set up with individual members to further explore opportunities for Indigenous engagement and regional engagement.

Data suppression

StatCan provided an overview of strategies being explored to address the challenges of data suppression in the energy space, while ensuring full compliance of the Statistics Act, such as seeking waivers from companies to enable access to their suppressed data.

Members agreed that data suppression is an important topic, and not one that can be easily resolved. Members thought that there is a real challenge related to confidentiality and privacy and that it becomes an issue of national interest if a sector is dominated by only a few players. Often, there is better data on Canada from the U.S., and Canada should be exploring options to reduce suppression, including the pursuit of waivers. There was agreement that there is a need to revise the Statistics Act to better reflect the needs of the digital age and to ensure critical information is available to inform on pressing issues. It was also suggested that the federal government explore single window reporting, which would create less burden for respondents, and build good will for them to provide the additional data.

StatCan explained that although the Statistics Act (s. 17.2) does provide exemptions where data can be released where it would otherwise be considered confidential, it does not necessarily apply to the energy sector. A key strategy to increase access to data, when StatCan is legally bound to suppress it, is to seek waivers from companies. While some companies are not necessarily opposed to release of information, they sometimes have competing priorities – members can support StatCan in this area by leveraging their networks and providing opportunities to discuss these challenges directly with the companies to facilitate obtaining waivers.

The CSAC representative informed the EAC that CSAC has a working group looking at the Statistics Act to identify specific limitations on what can currently be done within the legal bound of the Act, and will be making recommendations to the Chief Statistician.

Action items:

  1. Members will explore how they can leverage their existing relationships and networks in highly concentrated industries to emphasize the importance of waivers to increase access to data.
  2. StatCan is collaborating with an external partner holding a workshop on data suppression challenges, strategies and to identify options to improve data access and availability in Fall 2021, and will reach out to EAC members to ensure the participation of key stakeholders.

Roundtable

The committee welcomed Sonia to the committee and for her participation today. StatCan reminded members that any additional comments related to the meeting topics or regarding the CCEI website more generally can be sent directly to the CCEI mailbox.

Conclusion and Next Steps

StatCan thanked the Committee members for their continued support and participation, noting that this is just the beginning of an ongoing dialogue.

Business or organization information

1. Which of the following categories best describes this business or organization?

  • Government agency
  • Private sector business
  • Non-profit organization
    • Who does this organization primarily serve?
      • Households or individuals
        e.g., child and youth services, community food services, food bank, women's shelter, community housing services, emergency relief services, religious organization, grant and giving services, social advocacy group, arts and recreation group
      • Businesses
        e.g., business association, chamber of commerce, condominium association, environment support or protection services, group benefit carriers (pensions, health, medical)
  • Don't know

2. In what year was this business or organization first established?

Year business or organization was first established:

OR

Don't know

3. In the last 12 months, did this business or organization conduct any of the following international activities?

Select all that apply.

  • Export goods outside of Canada
    Include both intermediate and final goods.
  • Export services outside of Canada
    Include services delivered virtually and in person.
    e.g., cloud services, legal services, environmental services, architectural services, digital advertising
  • Make investments outside of Canada
  • Sell goods to businesses or organizations in Canada who then resold them outside of Canada
  • Import goods from outside of Canada
    Include both intermediate and final goods.
  • Import services from outside of Canada
    Include services received virtually and in person.
    e.g., cloud services, legal services, environmental services, architectural services, digital advertising
  • Relocate any business or organizational activities or employees from another country into Canada
    Exclude temporary foreign workers.
  • Engage in other international business or organizational activities
    OR
  • None of the above

4. Over the next three months, how are each of the following expected to change for this business or organization?

Exclude seasonal factors or conditions.

  • Number of employees
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Vacant positions
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Sales of goods and services offered by this business or organization
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Selling price of goods and services offered by this business or organization
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Demand for goods and services offered by this business or organization
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Imports
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Exports
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Operating income
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Operating expenses
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Profitability
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Capital expenditures
    e.g., machinery, equipment
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable
  • Training expenditures
    • Increase
    • Stay about the same
    • Decrease
    • Not applicable

Business or organization obstacles

5. Over the next three months, which of the following are expected to be obstacles for this business or organization?

Select all that apply.

  • Shortage of labour force
  • Recruiting skilled employees
  • Retaining skilled employees
  • Shortage of space or equipment
  • Rising cost of inputs
    An input is an economic resource used in a firm's production process.
    e.g., labour, capital, energy and raw materials
  • Cost of personal protective equipment (PPE), additional cleaning or implementing distancing requirements
  • Difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from within Canada
  • Difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from abroad
  • Maintaining inventory levels
  • Insufficient demand for goods or services offered
  • Fluctuations in consumer demand
  • Attracting new or returning customers
  • Cost of insurance
  • Transportation costs
  • Obtaining financing
  • Government regulations
  • Travel restrictions and travel bans
  • Increasing competition
  • Challenges related to exporting goods and services
  • Maintaining sufficient cash flow or managing debt
  • Speed of internet connection
  • Intellectual property protection
  • Other
    • Specify other:
    OR
  • None of the above

Flow condition: If the business or organization is a private sector business, go to Q6. Otherwise, go to Q8.

Expectations for the next year

6. In the next 12 months, are there any plans to expand or restructure this business, or acquire or invest in other businesses?

Restructuring involves changing the financial, operational, legal or other structures of a business to make it more efficient or more profitable.

  • Yes
    • Does this business plan to:
      Select all that apply.
      • Expand current location of this business
      • Expand this business to other locations
      • Restructure this business
      • Acquire other businesses or franchises
      • Invest in other businesses
  • No
  • Don't know

7. In the next 12 months, are there any plans to transfer, sell or close this business?

  • Yes
    • Does this business plan to:
      • Transfer to family members without money changing hands
      • Sell to family members
      • Sell to employees
      • Sell to external parties
      • Close the business
      • Don't know
  • No
  • Don't know

Flow condition: If "Export goods outside of Canada" or "Export services outside of Canada" is selected in Q3, go to Q8. Otherwise, go to Q14.

Digital ordering

Extranet:
A closed network that uses internet protocols to securely share enterprise's information with suppliers, vendors, customers or other businesses partners. It can take the form of a secure extension of an Intranet that allows external users to access some parts of the enterprise's Intranet. It can also be a private part of the enterprise's website, where business partners can navigate after being authenticated in a login page.

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI):
The electronic transmission of data suitable for automated processing between businesses or organisations. Generally, EDI allows for the sending or receiving of messages (e.g., payment transactions, tax declarations, orders) in an agreed or standard format suitable for automated processing, and does not require an individual to type a message manually.

8. It was reported in a previous question that in the last 12 months, this business or organization exported goods or services outside of Canada. What percentage of these export sales were digitally ordered?

Include all sales of this business's or organization's goods or services where the order was received, and the commitment to purchase was made, over the Internet, including through web pages, applications, platforms, extranet or Electronic Data Interchange (EDI).

Exclude orders made by telephone, facsimile and email.

  • 100%
  • 50% to less than 100%
  • 1% to less than 50%
  • None

Flow condition: If "Export goods outside of Canada" is selected in Q3 and "100%", "50% to less than 100%" or "1% to less than 50%" is selected in Q8, go to Q9. Otherwise, go to the next flow.

Digital ordering of goods

9. In the last 12 months, which digital methods were used to order goods by customers or clients in other countries?

Select all that apply.

  • Electronic data interchange (EDI)
    The electronic transmission of data suitable for automated processing between businesses or organizations. Generally, EDI allows for the sending or receiving of messages (e.g., payment transactions, tax declarations, orders) in an agreed or standard format suitable for automated processing, and does not require an individual to type a message manually.
  • E-commerce, through this business's or organization's own website, application or platform
  • E-commerce, through a third-party website, application or platform
  • Extranet
    A closed network that uses internet protocols to securely share enterprise's information with suppliers, vendors, customers or other businesses partners. It can take the form of a secure extension of an Intranet that allows external users to access some parts of the enterprise's Intranet. It can also be a private part of the enterprise's website, where business partners can navigate after being authenticated in a login page.
    OR
  • Goods were not digitally ordered by customers or clients in other countries from this business or organization

Flow condition: If "Export services outside of Canada" is selected in Q3 and "100%", "50% to less than 100%" or "Less than 50%" is selected in Q8, go to Q9. Otherwise, go to the next flow.

Digital ordering of services

10. In the last 12 months, which digital methods were used to order services by customers or clients in other countries?

Select all that apply.

  • Electronic data interchange (EDI)
    The electronic transmission of data suitable for automated processing between businesses or organizations. Generally, EDI allows for the sending or receiving of messages (e.g., payment transactions, tax declarations, orders) in an agreed or standard format suitable for automated processing, and does not require an individual to type a message manually.
  • E-commerce, through this business's or organization's own website, application or platform
  • E-commerce, through a third-party website, application or platform
  • Extranet
    A closed network that uses internet protocols to securely share enterprise's information with suppliers, vendors, customers or other businesses partners. It can take the form of a secure extension of an Intranet that allows external users to access some parts of the enterprise's Intranet. It can also be a private part of the enterprise's website, where business partners can navigate after being authenticated in a login page.
    OR
  • Services were not digitally ordered by customers or clients in other countries from this business or organization

Flow condition: If any digital method to order services was selected in Q10, go to Q11. Otherwise, go to Q14.

11. In the last 12 months, for services digitally ordered by customers or clients in other countries, how were the services delivered to them by this business or organization?

Select all that apply.

  • Services were delivered digitally
    e.g., service provider and client remain in their respective countries with services delivered outside of Canada via electronic data interchange (EDI), video conferencing with clients, file sharing, websites, applications or platforms, or extranet
  • Services were delivered in person
    Include services delivered through a subsidiary or sub-contractor in country of client, or travel of service provider or client to have service delivered in-person.
    e.g., services related to the installation of goods, on-site environmental assessments

Flow condition: If "Services were delivered digitally" is selected in Q11, go to Q12. Otherwise, go to Q14.

12. In the last 12 months, how have sales of digitally delivered services to customers or clients in other countries changed?

e.g., Service provider and client remain in their respective countries with services delivered outside of Canada via electronic data interchange (EDI), video conferencing with clients, file sharing, websites, applications or platforms, or extranet

  • Increased
  • Remained stable
  • Decreased
  • Don't know

13. Which of the following is this business's or organization's preferred means for digitally delivering services to customers or clients in other countries?

  • Electronic data interchange (EDI)
  • Over the internet, through online websites, file sharing, video conferencing, applications or platforms
  • Extranet
  • Other
    • Specify other:

Environmental activities

14. Which of the following environmental practices does this business or organization have currently in place or plan to implement in the next 12 months?

Select all that apply.

  • Reducing waste
  • Reducing energy or water consumption
    e.g., sensor lights, LED lights, automated faucets
  • Encouraging employees to adopt environmentally friendly practices
    e.g., teleworking, using public transit, recycling
  • Using recycled or waste materials as inputs
  • Using one or more clean energy sources
    e.g., hydroelectricity, solar, wind
  • Choosing suppliers based on their environmentally responsible practices or products
  • Designing products or services to have a minimal impact on the environment
    e.g., eco-design that considers the product's lifecycle
  • Performing carbon sequestration activities
    e.g., planting trees, purchasing carbon credits
  • Measuring the business's or organization's environmental footprint
  • Obtaining or maintaining one or more eco-responsible certifications
  • Being zero waste
  • Having a written environmental policy
  • Hiring an external auditor to evaluate the business's or organization's environmental practices
  • Other environmental practices
    OR
  • None of the above

15. In the next 12 months, what is this business's or organization's main barrier for adopting more green practices?

  • COVID-19 has delayed the business's or organization's plans for green projects
  • The business or organization doesn't have the financial resources
  • The business's or organization's clients aren't willing to pay a higher price
  • Other
    • Specify other:
    OR
  • None of the above
    i.e., The business or organization has no barriers or no plans to adopt green practices

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

16. Where does this business or organization get or plan to get its personal protective equipment or supplies from?

e.g., masks, eye protection, face shields, gloves, gowns, cleaning products, disinfecting wipes, hand sanitizer, plexiglass or sneeze guards, thermometers

Select all that apply.

  • Domestic producer
  • International producer
  • Domestic wholesaler
  • International wholesaler
  • Domestic retailer
  • International retailer
  • Other
    OR
  • None of the above

17. Since March 2020, which of the following products has this business or organization manufactured?

Select all that apply.

  • Respirators
  • Surgical masks
  • Medical gowns
  • Hand sanitizer
  • Face shields
  • Nitrile gloves
    OR
  • None of the above

18. 12 months from now, which of the following products does this business or organization plan to manufacture?

Select all that apply.

  • Respirators
  • Surgical masks
  • Medical gowns
  • Hand sanitizer
  • Face shields
  • Nitrile gloves
    OR
  • None of the above

COVID-19 Rapid Testing

COVID-19 Rapid Test kits are self-testing kits that are used to assess and monitor the infection status of individuals with or without symptoms. Typically such kits provide a result within 15 minutes and can be used by employers to screen for COVID-19 among employees in settings where in-person work is required. Positive test results typically require confirmation by more accurate laboratory-based tests administered by public health authorities.

19. Over the last month, has this business or organization used COVID-19 Rapid Test kits to test on-site employees for COVID-19 infection?

e.g., periodic testing of employees with or without symptoms

  • Yes
    • Over the last month, what percentage of this business's or organization's on-site employees was tested using a COVID-19 Rapid Test kit at least once?
      • Percentage:
      • Don't know
    • Over the last month, on average, how frequently were employees at this business or organization tested using COVID-19 Rapid Test kits?
      • Less than once a week
      • Once a week
      • Twice a week
      • More than twice a week
  • No
    • In the next three months, does this business or organization plan to use COVID-19 Rapid Test kits to test on-site employees for COVID-19 infection?
      • Yes
      • No
      • Don't know
  • Not applicable to this business or organization
    e.g., all employees work remotely

Flow condition: If "No" is selected in Q19 and then "No", or "Don't know" is selected, go to Q20. Otherwise, go to Q21.

20. For which of the following reasons does this business or organization not have plans to use COVID-19 Rapid Test kits in the next three months?

Select all that apply.

  • Lack of awareness
  • Difficulty procuring
  • Cost of tests
  • Cost of administering tests
  • Not needed
  • Other
    • Specify other:

Funding or credit

21. Due to COVID-19, was funding or credit for this business or organization approved or received from any of the following sources?

Select all that apply.

  • Canada Emergency Business Account (CEBA)
    e.g., loan of up to $60,000 for eligible small businesses and non-profits
  • Temporary 10% Wage Subsidy
  • Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy (CEWS)
  • Canada Emergency Rent Subsidy (CERS)
  • Canada Emergency Commercial Rent Assistance (CECRA)
  • Export Development Canada (EDC) Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Loan and Guarantee program
  • Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC) Co-Lending Program for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
  • Innovation Assistance Program
  • Regional Relief and Recovery Fund (RRRF)
  • Provincial, Territorial or Municipal government programs
  • Funding from philanthropic or mutual-aid sources
  • Financial institution
    e.g., term loan or line of credit
  • Loan from family or friends
  • Other
    • Specify other approved source of funding or credit:
    OR
  • None of the above

Flow condition: If "None of the above" is selected in Q21, go to Q22. Otherwise, go to Q23.

22. For which of the following reasons has this business or organization not accessed any funding or credit due to COVID-19?

Select all that apply.

  • Funding or credit not needed
  • Waiting for approval or in process of applying
  • Eligibility requirements
  • Application requirements or complexity
  • Lack of awareness
  • Terms and conditions
    e.g., interest rate, payment period
  • Public perception
  • Other
    • Specify other:

Liquidity and debt

23. Does this business or organization have the cash or liquid assets required to operate for the next three months?

  • Yes
  • No
    • Will this business or organization be able to acquire the cash or liquid assets required?
      • Yes
      • No
      • Don't know
  • Don't know

24. Does this business or organization have the ability to take on debt?

  • Yes
  • No
    • For which of the following reasons is this business or organization unable to take on debt?
      Select all that apply.
      • Cash flow
      • Lack of confidence or uncertainty in future sales
      • Request would be turned down
      • Too difficult or time consuming to apply
      • Terms and conditions are unfavourable
        e.g., interest rate, payment period
      • Credit rating
      • Other
        • Specify other:
  • Don't know

Outsourcing

25. In the last 12 months, has this business or organization outsourced any tasks, projects or short contracts to freelancers, "gig" workers or other businesses or organizations?

Examples of tasks, projects or short contracts might include delivery driving, cleaning, translation, and web or graphic design.

  • Yes
  • No
  • Don't know

Flow condition: If "Yes" is selected in Q25, go to Q26. Otherwise, go to Q27.

26. In the last 12 months, has this business or organization used third-party digital platforms, applications or websites to outsource tasks, projects, or short contracts?

e.g., UberEats, Fiverr, TaskRabbit, Upwork, Amazon Turk
Exclude online job boards.

  • Yes
    • In the last 12 months, what kind of business or organizational activities did this business or organization subcontract through third-party digital platforms, applications or websites?
      Select all that apply.
      • Data entry, tagging photos or videos, and other clerical tasks
      • Copywriting, editing, translation, transcription
      • Graphic design, audio-visual production
      • Website or software development, computer programming
      • Sales and marketing support
      • Delivery driving, errands
      • General labour, repairs, cleaning services
      • Accounting, law or other professional services
      • Other
        • Specify other:
  • No

27. In the last 12 months, has this business or organization bid on tasks, projects, or short contracts using third-party digital platforms, applications or websites?

e.g., Fiverr, TaskRabbit, Upwork, Amazon Turk

  • Yes
  • No

Teleworking

28. Once the COVID-19 pandemic is over, what percentage of the workforce is anticipated to continue to primarily telework?

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:

OR

Don't know

Flow condition: If 1% or more of this business's or organization's workforce is anticipated to continue to primarily telework in Q28, go to Q29. Otherwise, go to Q30.

29. Does this business or organization foresee shrinking office locations because more of the workforce is teleworking?

  • Yes
  • No
  • Don't know

Future outlook

30. Over the next 12 months, what is the future outlook for this business or organization?

  • Very optimistic
  • Somewhat optimistic
  • Somewhat pessimistic
  • Very pessimistic
  • Don't know

31. How long can this business or organization continue to operate at its current level of revenue and expenditures before having to consider the following options?

Select "12 months or more" if this business or organization can operate indefinitely.

  • Laying off staff:
    • Less than 1 month
    • 1 month to less than 3 months
    • 3 months to less than 6 months
    • 6 months to less than 12 months
    • 12 months or more
    • Don't know
  • Closure or bankruptcy:
    • Less than 1 month
    • 1 month to less than 3 months
    • 3 months to less than 6 months
    • 6 months to less than 12 months
    • 12 months or more
    • Don't know

Flow condition: If the business or organization is a private sector business, go to Q32. Otherwise, go to "Contact person".

Ownership

The groups identified within the following questions are included in order to gain a better understanding of businesses owned by members of various communities across Canada.

32. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by women?

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:

OR

Don't know

33. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by First Nations, Métis or Inuit peoples?

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:

OR

Don't know

34. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by immigrants to Canada?

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:

OR

Don't know

35. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by persons with a disability?

Include visible and non-visible disabilities.

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:

OR

Don't know

36. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by LGBTQ2 individuals?

The term LGBTQ2 refers to persons who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and/or two-spirited.

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:

OR

Don't know

37. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by members of visible minorities?

A member of a visible minority in Canada may be defined as someone (other than an Indigenous person) who is non-white in colour or race, regardless of place of birth.

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:

OR

Don't know

Flow condition: If more than 50% of this business or organization is owned by members of visible minorities, go to Q38. Otherwise, go to "Contact person".

38. It was indicated that over 50% of this business or organization is owned by members of visible minorities. Please select the categories that describe the owner or owners.

Select all that apply.

  • South Asian
    e.g., East Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan
  • Chinese
  • Black
  • Filipino
  • Latin American
  • Arab
  • Southeast Asian
    e.g., Vietnamese, Cambodian, Laotian, Thai
  • West Asian
    e.g., Afghan, Iranian
  • Korean
  • Japanese
  • Other group
    • Specify other group:
    OR
  • Prefer not to say

Canadian Health Measures Survey - Cycle 6 (2018-2019) Non response bias – Fasted subsample

Canadian Health Measures Survey - Cycle 6 (2018-2019) - Fasted subsample
Table summary
This table displays the results of Canadian Health Measures Survey - Cycle 6 (2018-2019) - Fasted subsample. The information is grouped by Age group and sex (appearing as row headers), Combined response rate (%) (appearing as column headers).
Age group Sex Combined response rate (%)
Ages 6 to 11 Males 33.7
Females 27.2
Ages 12 to 19 Males 35.3
Females 35.2
Ages 20 to 39 Males 35.0
Females 37.2
Ages 40 to 59 Males 39.3
Females 36.6
Ages 60 to 79 Males 41.6
Females 38.9

Canadian Health Measures Survey - Cycle 6 (2018-2019) Data accuracy – Fasted subsample

Canadian Health Measures Survey - Cycle 6 (2018-2019) - fasted subsample
Table summary
This table displays the results of Canadian Health Measures Survey - Cycle 6 (2018-2019) - fasted subsample. The information is grouped by age and sex (appearing as row headers), Average Glucose (mmol/L) calculated using Average (mmol/L) and c.v. percentage (appearing as column headers).
Age Group Sex Average Glucose (mmol/L)
Average (mmol/L) c.v. (%)
Ages 6 to 11 Males 4.99 1.17
Females 4.9 1.22
Ages 12 to 19 Males 5.1 0.56
Females 4.96 1.20
Ages 20 to 39 Males 5.22 0.88
Females 4.94 0.79
Ages 40 to 59 Males 5.78 1.88
Females 5.48 2.27
Ages 60 to 79 Males 6.28 4.18
Females 5.77 2.70

Monthly Survey of Food Services and Drinking Places: CVs for Total Sales by Geography - April 2021

Monthly Survey of Food Services and Drinking Places: CVs for Total sales by Geography - April 2021
Table summary
This table displays the results of CVs for Total sales by Geography. The information is grouped by Geography (appearing as row headers), Month and percentage (appearing as column headers).
Geography Month
202004 202005 202006 202007 202008 202009 202010 202011 202012 202101 202102 202103 202104
percentage
Canada 1.21 0.75 0.34 0.35 0.19 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.25 0.20 0.19 0.44 1.00
Newfoundland and Labrador 2.03 1.30 1.05 0.82 0.36 0.62 1.53 0.30 0.48 1.08 0.48 2.23 2.41
Prince Edward Island 52.43 11.92 9.11 8.73 0.95 0.63 0.84 1.08 1.81 1.63 1.04 1.07 18.65
Nova Scotia 4.09 3.94 0.88 1.50 1.39 0.37 0.77 0.36 1.03 0.91 0.40 0.88 3.06
New Brunswick 2.39 2.08 0.82 0.60 2.28 0.50 0.33 0.39 0.49 0.98 0.50 0.44 1.26
Quebec 1.93 1.66 0.70 0.77 0.48 0.56 0.65 0.55 0.79 0.68 0.67 0.42 1.04
Ontario 2.24 1.33 0.63 0.70 0.26 0.31 0.25 0.28 0.45 0.34 0.24 0.99 2.16
Manitoba 5.60 2.47 0.81 0.70 0.34 0.34 0.72 0.93 0.78 0.89 0.46 0.48 1.53
Saskatchewan 5.72 3.08 0.58 1.55 0.67 0.99 0.91 1.04 0.75 0.91 0.52 0.52 1.60
Alberta 2.62 1.76 0.63 0.53 0.23 0.55 0.33 0.36 0.54 0.52 0.33 0.79 1.87
British Columbia 3.21 2.19 1.03 0.83 0.67 0.58 0.72 0.68 0.39 0.33 0.56 0.97 2.75
Yukon Territory 10.07 3.77 3.06 1.41 1.57 1.64 1.72 1.71 4.34 5.07 1.96 3.13 73.01
Northwest Territories 6.95 3.24 2.48 1.43 1.94 2.14 2.10 2.04 1.97 6.05 1.83 3.05 79.73
Nunavut 315.64 5.07 3.93 1.82 0.56 2.60 2.45 67.48 2.75 2.54 2.39 2.53 4.52
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