Concordance: North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012 to North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2017 Version 1.0

The concordance table presented here shows the relationship between NAICS Canada 2012 (first three columns: code, title, status code) and NAICS Canada 2017 Version 1.0 (next three columns: Part of 2017 Version 1.0 class, code, title) only for those areas of the classification which have changed in terms of structure and content.

NU - NAICS 2012 code not reused; R - NAICS 2012 reused, but with different content; T - title change; * - part of NAICS 2017 Version 1.0 class

Concordance: North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2012 to North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2017 Version 1.0
NAICS Canada 2012 NAICS Canada 2017 Version 1.0
Code Title Status code Part of 2017 Version 1.0 class Code Title Explanatory Notes
21111 Oil and gas extraction R   21111 Oil and gas extraction (except oil sands)  
        21114 Oil sands extraction  
211113 Conventional oil and gas extraction NU * 211110 Oil and gas extraction (except oil sands) Except shale oil extraction
211114 Non-conventional oil extraction NU * 211110 Oil and gas extraction (except oil sands) Shale oil extraction
        211141 In-situ oil sands extraction  
        211142 Mined oil sands extraction  
512210 Record production NU * 512250 Record production and distribution Record production
512220 Integrated record production/distribution NU * 512250 Record production and distribution Integrated record production/distribution
517111 Wired telecommunications carriers (except cable) NU * 517310 Wired and wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite) Wired telecommunications carriers (except cable)
517112 Cable and other program distribution NU * 517310 Wired and wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite) Cable and other program distribution
517210 Wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite) NU * 517310 Wired and wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite) Wireless telecommunications carriers ( except satellite)
517910 Other telecommunications NU   517911 Telecommunications resellers  
        517919 All other telecommunications  
532220 Formal wear and costume rental NU * 532280 All other consumer goods rental Formal wear and costume rental
532230 Video tape and disc rental NU * 532280 All other consumer goods rental Video tape and disc rental
532290 Other consumer goods rental NU * 532280 All other consumer goods rental Other consumer goods rental
711211 Sports teams and clubs NU * 711217 Sports teams and clubs performing before a paying audience Sports teams and clubs
711218 Other spectator sports NU   711214 Other racing facilities and related activities  
        711215 Independent athletes performing before a paying audience  
        711217 Sports teams and clubs performing before a paying audience Other spectator sports
711410 Agents and managers for artists, athletes, entertainers and other public figures NU   711411 Agents and managers for artists, entertainers and other public figures  
        711412 Sports agents and managers  
713990 All other amusement and recreation industries NU   713991 Sports clubs, teams and leagues performing before a non-paying audience  
        713992 Other sport facilities  
        713999 All other amusement and recreation industries  

NAICS Canada 2017 Version 1.0 – Introduction

Status

This standard was approved as a departmental standard on March 21, 2016.

Purpose of NAICS

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an industry classification system developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. Created against the background of the North American Free Trade Agreement, it is designed to provide common definitions of the industrial structure of the three countries and a common statistical framework to facilitate the analysis of the three economies. NAICS is based on supply-side or production-oriented principles, to ensure that industrial data, classified to NAICS, are suitable for the analysis of production-related issues such as industrial performance.

Economic statistics describe the behaviour and activities of economic transactors and of the transactions that take place among them. The economic transactors for which NAICS is designed are businesses and other organizations engaged in the production of goods and services. They include farms, incorporated and unincorporated businesses and government business enterprises. They also include government institutions and agencies engaged in the production of marketed and non-marketed services, as well as organizations such as professional associations and unions and charitable or non-profit organizations and the employees of households.

NAICS is a comprehensive system encompassing all economic activities. It has a hierarchical structure. At the highest level, it divides the economy into 20 sectors. At lower levels, it further distinguishes the different economic activities in which businesses are engaged.

NAICS is designed for the compilation of production statistics and, therefore, for the classification of data relating to establishments. It takes into account the specialization of activities generally found at the level of the producing units of businesses. The criteria used to group establishments into industries in NAICS are similarity of input structures, labour skills and production processes.

NAICS can also be used for classifying companies and enterprises. However, when NAICS is used in this way, the following caveat applies: NAICS has not been specially designed to take account of the wide range of vertically- or horizontally-integrated activities of large and complex, multi-establishment companies and enterprises. Hence, there will be a few large and complex companies and enterprises whose activities may be spread over the different sectors of NAICS, in such a way that classifying them to one sector will misrepresent the range of their activities. However, in general, a larger proportion of the activities of each complex company and enterprise is more likely to fall within the sector, subsector and industry group levels of the classification than within the industry levels. Hence, the higher levels of the classification are more suitable for the classification of companies and enterprises than are the lower levels. It should also be kept in mind that when businesses are composed of establishments belonging to different NAICS industries, their company- and enterprise-level data will show a different industrial distribution, when classified to NAICS, than will their establishment-level data, and the data will not be directly comparable.

While NAICS is designed for the classification of units engaged in market and non-market production, as defined by the System of National Accounts, it can also be used to classify own-account production, such as the unpaid work of households.

NAICS has been designed for statistical purposes. Government departments and agencies and other users that use it for administrative, legislative and other non-statistical purposes take responsibility for applying the classification in this manner.

Preface

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) represents a continuing cooperative effort among Statistics Canada, Mexico's Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI), and the Economic Classification Policy Committee (ECPC) of the United States, acting on behalf of the Office of Management and Budget, to create and maintain a common industry classification system. With its inception in 1997, NAICS replaced the existing classification of each country, the Standard Industrial Classification (1980) of Canada, the Mexican Classification of Activities and Products (1994), and the Standard Industrial Classification (1987) of the United States. Since 1997, the countries have collaborated in producing 5-year revisions to NAICS in order to keep the classification system current with changes in economic activities. The NAICS changes for 2017 represent a minor revision and all occur within sector boundaries.

The North American Industry Classification System is unique among industry classifications in that it is constructed within a single conceptual framework. Economic units that have similar production processes are classified in the same industry, and the lines drawn between industries demarcate, to the extent practicable, differences in production processes. This supply-based, or production-oriented, economic concept was adopted for NAICS because an industry classification system is a framework for collecting and publishing information on both inputs and outputs, for statistical uses that require that inputs and outputs be used together and be classified consistently. Examples of such uses include measuring productivity, unit labour costs, and capital intensity of production, estimating employment-output relationships, constructing input-output tables, and other uses that imply the analysis of production relationships in the economy. The classification concept for NAICS leads to production of data that facilitate such analyses.

In the design of NAICS, attention was given to developing a production-oriented classification for (a) new and emerging industries, (b) service industries in general, and (c) industries engaged in the production of advanced technologies. These special emphases are embodied in the particular features of NAICS, discussed below. These same areas of special emphasis account for many of the differences between the structure of NAICS and the structures of industry classification systems in use elsewhere. NAICS provides enhanced industry comparability among the three North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) trading partners, while also increasing compatibility with the two-digit level of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC Rev.4) of the United Nations.

NAICS divides the economy into twenty sectors. Industries within these sectors are grouped according to the production criterion. Though the goods/services distinction is not explicitly reflected in the structure of NAICS, four sectors are largely goods-producing and sixteen are entirely services-producing industries.

A key feature of NAICS is the information and cultural sector that groups industries that primarily create and disseminate a product subject to copyright. This sector brings together those activities that transform information into a commodity that is produced and distributed, and activities that provide the means for distributing those products, other than through traditional wholesale-retail distribution channels. Industries included in this sector are telecommunications; broadcasting; newspaper, book, and periodical publishing; software publishing; motion picture and sound recording industries; libraries; internet publishing and broadcasting; and other information services.

Another feature of NAICS is a sector for professional, scientific and technical services. It comprises establishments engaged in activities where human capital is the major input. The industries within this sector are each defined by the expertise and training of the service provider. The sector includes such industries as offices of lawyers, engineering services, architectural services, advertising agencies, and interior design services.

A sector for arts, entertainment and recreation groups facilities or services that meet the cultural, entertainment and recreational interests of patrons.

The health care and social assistance sector recognizes the merging of the boundaries of these two types of services. The industries in this sector are arranged in an order that reflects the range and extent of health care and social assistance provided. Some important industries are family planning centres, outpatient mental health and substance abuse centres, and community care facilities for the elderly.

In the manufacturing sector, the computer and electronic product manufacturing subsector brings together industries producing electronic products and their components. The manufacturers of computers, communications equipment, and semiconductors, for example, are grouped into the same subsector because of the inherent technological similarities of their production processes, and the likelihood that these technologies will continue to converge in the future. The reproduction of packaged software is placed in this sector, rather than in the services sector, because the reproduction of packaged software is a manufacturing process, and the product moves through the wholesale and retail distribution systems like any other manufactured product. NAICS acknowledges the importance of these electronic industries, their rapid growth over the past several years and the likelihood that these industries will, in the future, become even more important in the economies of the three NAICS partner countries.

The NAICS structure reflects the levels at which data comparability was agreed upon by the three statistical agencies. The boundaries of all the sectors of NAICS have been delineated. In most sectors, NAICS provides for comparability at the industry (five-digit) level. However, for real estate, and finance and insurance, three-country comparability will occur either at the industry group (four-digit) or subsector (three-digit) levels. For these sectors, differences in the economies of the three countries prevent full comparability at the NAICS industry level. For utilities, retail trade, wholesale trade, and public administration, the three countries' statistical agencies have agreed, at this time, only on the boundaries of the sector (two-digit level). Below the agreed upon level of comparability, each country may add additional detailed industries, as necessary to meet national needs, provided that this additional detail aggregates to the NAICS level.

Acknowledgements

The fourth revision of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) required the time, energy and co-operation of numerous people and organizations in three countries: Canada, Mexico and the United States. The work that has been accomplished is a testament to the individual and collective willingness of many persons and organizations in the public and private sectors to contribute to its development.

In Canada, NAICS was revised under the guidance of Alice Born, Director of Standards Division. NAICS Canada could not have been revised without input from the subject matter divisions of Statistics Canada, federal and provincial government departments and agencies, business and trade associations, and economic analysts, the contribution of all of whom is gratefully acknowledged.

NAICS Canada 2017 is published by Standards Division. The publication was prepared by Michael Pedersen under the supervision of Alice Born, Johanne Pineau-Crysdale and Kim Boyuk and with contributions from JoAnn Casey, Karen Milligan-Vata, Roland Cornellier, Line Coyne, Siddiqa Amin, Jules Léger, Catherine Burpee, Linda Ambaro Ahmed and James Abraham. The Internet version of this publication was created jointly by Serge Aumont and Niloufar Zanganeh.

System Engineering Division and Administrative and Dissemination System Division were responsible for the systems development of the HTML format of the classification. Annie Doth and Julien De Gouffe deserve special acknowledgments for their support.

Historical background

Over the years, Statistics Canada has developed and used a number of industrial classification systems. In 1948, the first Canadian Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) was developed. This was done to meet the government's need to establish a more comprehensive and fully-integrated system of economic reporting, in support of the key objectives of its post-war reconstruction programme outlined in the 1945 White Paper (on employment and income). The 1948 SIC brought together different industry descriptions in use at the time, each of which was applied to data about different aspects of the economy based on different definitions. It facilitated data comparability, by providing a framework of common concepts, terminology and groupings of industries. The introduction to the 1948 SIC manual stated that it was designed for the classification of the establishment but a precise definition was not provided.

In the major revision of the SIC in 1960, the importance of the need for a standard unit of observation was emphasized by the provision of a standard definition of the establishment. The variables needed to assemble the "basic industrial statistics" required for the analysis of the different sectors of the economy were specified and the establishment became the smallest unit capable of reporting that set of variables. The 1970 revision updated the industry groupings to reflect changes in the industrial structure of the economy.

The 1980 revision of the SIC was again a major one. This revision more directly linked the SIC to the System of National Accounts (SNA). It specified the universe of production to be as defined for the production accounts of the SNA. It drew a picture of all the variables that needed to be collected from or allocated to the establishment, in order to calculate value added by establishment for the Input Output accounts and Real Domestic Product by industry. It gave more emphasis to the role of "ancillary" activities in the collection of an integrated system of economic statistics and emphasized the difference between technical and ancillary activities and the role of ancillary units in accounting for total production. By using available statistics, it more explicitly used measures of specialization and coverage to delineate manufacturing industries. It recommended the use of the 1980 SIC for the classification of establishments and the compilation of production statistics.

In 1980, a separate classification, the Canadian Standard Industrial Classification for Companies and Enterprises, was produced for the compilation of financial statistics related to companies and enterprises. This classification took account of vertically-integrated companies and enterprises and created special classes for them at the lowest level of the classification. The higher levels of the classification cut across the traditional groupings of industrial classifications based on separating primary, secondary and tertiary activities in the economy and created sector groupings that drew together single and vertically-integrated companies and enterprises engaged in the production of similar product groups.

It was customary to revise the SIC at ten-year intervals; however, by 1990 not all the economic statistics programs of Statistics Canada had implemented the 1980 SIC. It was decided to postpone the revision and to take into account the statistical needs of the North American Free Trade Agreement signed in January 1994. The needs were met by developing NAICS, an industrial classification common to Canada, Mexico and the United States. The first version, NAICS 1997, was released in March 1998.

NAICS was revised for 2002 to achieve increased comparability among the three countries in selected areas and to identify additional industries for new and emerging activities. To that end, the construction sector was revised and comparability achieved, for the most part, at the industry (five-digit) level. Industries were created for Internet services providers and web search portals, and Internet publishing and broadcasting.

Changes to Canadian and world economies continue to impact on classification systems. NAICS was revised for 2007 to reflect these changes. In particular, the information sector was once again updated. The updates took into account the rapid changes within this area, including the merging of activities. As a result, Internet publishing and broadcasting and web search portals have been combined, as have Internet service providers and data processing, hosting, and related services. Telecommunications resellers and other telecommunications have also been merged.

The 2012 NAICS revision was undertaken to achieve one main goal: to modify or create industries to reflect new, emerging, or changing activities and technologies. New industries were created for video game publishers and designers, and small clothing manufacturing industries were rolled up to a higher classification level. In addition, new guidelines for the coding of units that outsource production of goods were written into the sector definitions for 31-33 Manufacturing and 41 Wholesale trade.

Revision of NAICS Canada for 2017, Version 1.0

A public consultation was launched on Statistics Canada's website on July 30th, 2013 through a call for proposals for changes to the 2012 NAICS version. The deadline for receipt of proposals was July 31st, 2014. Review of the proposals and consultations within Statistics Canada and with our Mexican and American counterparts were undertaken starting in 2013 and ending in 2015. NAICS Canada revisions for 2017, Version 1.0 were finalized early in 2016.

Various kinds of changes are brought into NAICS Canada for 2017, Version 1.0. Many changes involve clarification of the definition and boundary of classes through changes to the descriptive text of the definition; the illustrative examples; the exclusions; and titles of industries. Some changes involve the reduction of industry detail, while other industries are detailed further.

Outsourcing of manufacturing

Units that outsource the transformation process for manufactured goods – will continue to be classified consistent with the treatment in International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4. The units will be classified to manufacturing if the units own the material inputs to production. Otherwise the units will be classified to wholesale trade.

Telecommunications

The telecommunications industries were revised in recognition of the structure of telecommunications companies. Telecommunications carriers integrate all technologies, including wired and wireless. The corresponding NAICS change is a merging of 517111 Wired telecommunications carriers (except cable), 517112 Cable and other program distribution and 517210 Wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite) into 517310 Wired and wireless telecommunications carriers. Telecommunications resellers are split out as 517911 Telecommunications resellers.

Oil and gas extraction

The oil and gas extraction industries were expanded to better reflect the structure of the Canadian industry. New 6-digit industries were created: 211141 In-situ oil sand extraction and 211142 Mined oil sands extraction.

Arts, sports and recreation

In order to better align the classification of arts, sports and recreation industries with user needs, new 6-digit industries were created in subsectors 711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries and 713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries. These new industries are 711214 Other racing facilities and related activities, 711215 Independent athletes performing before a paying audience, 711217 Sports teams and clubs performing before a paying audience and supporting activities, 711411 Agents and managers for artists, entertainers and other public figures, 711412 Sports agents and managers, 713991 Sports clubs, teams and leagues performing before a non-paying audience, 713992 Other sports facilities and 713999 All other amusement and recreation industries.

Rental industries

In recognition of changes in rental industries and the small or diminishing size of some rental industries, 532220 Formal wear and costume rental, 532230 Video tape and disc rental and 532290 Other consumer goods rental were merged into 532280 Other consumer goods rental.

Record production and distribution

The industries 512210 Record production and 512220 Integrated record production/distribution were merged into 512250 Record production and distribution. This regrouping was initiated in response to the small size of the industries.

The Development of NAICS

NAICS was developed by Statistics Canada, Mexico's Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) and the Economic Classification Policy Committee (ECPC) of the United States Office of Management and Budget.

The three countries agreed upon the conceptual framework of the new system and the principles upon which NAICS was to be developed.

  1. NAICS would be based on a production-oriented or supply-based conceptual framework. This means that producing units using similar production processes would be grouped together in NAICS.
  2. Special attention would be given to developing production-oriented classifications for (a) new and emerging industries (b) service industries in general and (c) industries engaged in the production of advanced technologies.
  3. Time-series continuity would be maintained to the extent possible. However, changes in the economy and proposals from data users would be considered. In addition, in order to create a common system for all three countries, adjustments would be made where the United States, Canada and Mexico had incompatible definitions.
  4. In the interest of a wider range of international comparisons, the three countries would strive for greater compatibility with the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC Revision 3) by minimizing the extent to which the lowest levels of NAICS crossed the boundaries of the 2-digit level of ISIC Revision 3.

To help with the development of NAICS, a user committee meeting was called in November 1994 and extensive consultation was undertaken in Canada with federal and provincial government departments and agencies, business and trade associations, economic analysts and the advisory committees of Statistics Canada.

A co-ordinating committee and subcommittees, which covered agriculture, mining and manufacturing, construction, distribution networks (retail and wholesale trade, transportation, communications and utilities), finance, insurance and real estate, business and personal services and health, social assistance and public administration, were responsible for developing the proposed structure of NAICS, in co-operation with representatives from INEGI and the U.S. statistical agencies. Proposals from all three countries concerning individual industries were considered for acceptance, if the proposed industry was based on the production-oriented concept of the system. The structure of NAICS was developed in a series of three-country meetings and formally accepted by the senior representatives of the ECPC, INEGI and Statistics Canada.

The final structure of NAICS was accepted by the heads of Statistics Canada, INEGI and the Office of Management and Budget of the United States on December 10, 1996.

Conceptual framework of NAICS

NAICS is based on a production-oriented, or supply-based conceptual framework in that establishments are grouped into industries according to similarity in the production processes used to produce goods and services. The production process refers to the combination of inputs (capital, labour, energy, materials and services – KLEMS) used in producing a certain quantity of outputs. A production-oriented industry classification system ensures that statistical agencies in the three countries can produce information on inputs and outputs, industrial performance, productivity, unit labour costs, employment, and other statistics that reflect structural changes occurring in the three economies.

Producing units are grouped into industries according to similarities in their production processes as defined earlier. The boundaries between industries demarcate, in principle, differences in input structures and production technologies. This means that, in the language of economics, producing units within an industry have similar production functions that differ from those of producing units in other industries.

The unit of observation of the industrial classification is the producing unit or establishment, and the industrial classification groups producing units, not products. Groupings of producing units permit the collection of data on inputs and outputs on a comparable basis. Because establishments each produce a number of products in different combinations and using different technologies, it is hardly possible to group all the establishments producing a particular product. It is more useful to use a production-oriented approach to bring together, into industries, establishments with common input structures, and to compile data on their outputs. This permits the compilation of comprehensive data on the total output of each product by industry and across all industries.

In contrast, the various versions of the Canadian SIC and of the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) of the United Nations have used mixed criteria to create the industries of the classification.

Use of the North American Product Classification System (NAPCS)

The needs of analysts to study market shares and the demand for products can more effectively be met by compiling data relating to the products produced by industries and using a product classification based on demand-oriented criteria to group products by markets served. Users of NAICS may want to consider and evaluate whether the classification they require is industry-based or product-based and whether a product classification would best suit their needs.

The North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) is a classification that organizes goods and services throughout the economy in a systematic fashion. It is a departmental standard classification for goods and services. A description of NAPCS is available at the following link: North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) - Canada (12-003-X).

Structure of NAICS

The structure of NAICS is hierarchical. The numbering system that has been adopted is a six-digit code, of which the first five digits are used to describe the NAICS levels that will be used by the three countries to produce comparable data. The first two digits designate the sector, the third digit designates the subsector, the fourth digit designates the industry group and the fifth digit designates the industry. The sixth digit is used to designate national industries. A zero as the sixth digit indicates that there is no further national detail.

NAICS agreements define the boundaries of the twenty sectors into which the classification divides the economies of the three countries. Although, typically, agreement has been reached that comparable data will be made available for Canada, Mexico and the United States up to the five-digit industry level of NAICS, differences in the organization of production in the economies of the three countries necessitated certain exceptions. For some sectors, subsectors and industry groups, three-country agreement was reached only on their boundaries rather than on detailed industry structures.

In general, the use of the same code across the three countries indicates that the class is comparable, even if the title is not identical because of differences in the use of language.

NAICS with Canadian detail is designated NAICS Canada while NAICS with the United States’ and Mexico's own six-digit detail are designated NAICS United States and Sistema de Clasificación Industrial de América del Norte (SCIAN) México, respectively.

Comparability among the three countries is indicated by superscripts at the end of class titles. The abbreviation "CAN" indicates a Canadian-only class, "MEX" indicates that the Canadian and Mexican classes are comparable, and "US" indicates that the Canadian and United States classes are comparable. When no superscript appears, the Canadian, Mexican and United States classes are comparable.

NAICS Canada 2017 Version 1.0 structure

NAICS Canada 2017 Version 1.0 consists of 20 sectors, 102 subsectors, 322 industry groups, 708 industries and 923 Canadian industries, and replaces NAICS Canada 2012. The following summary table shows the counts of subsectors, industry groups, industries, and Canadian industries for each of the NAICS sectors.

Classification structure
Code Sectors Sub-sectors Industry groups Industries Canadian industries Total
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 5 19 41 50 115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 3 5 11 30 49
22 Utilities 1 3 6 10 20
23 Construction 3 10 28 29 70
31-33 Manufacturing 21 86 181 251 539
41 Wholesale trade 9 26 72 72 179
44-45 Retail trade 12 27 58 74 171
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 11 29 42 58 140
51 Information and cultural industries 6 11 25 28 70
52 Finance and insurance 5 11 28 52 96
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 3 8 17 20 48
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 1 9 35 41 86
55 Management of companies and enterprises 1 1 1 2 5
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 2 11 29 34 76
61 Educational services 1 7 12 12 32
62 Health care and social assistance 4 18 30 37 89
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 3 9 23 38 74
72 Accommodation and food services 2 6 10 18 36
81 Other services (except public administration) 4 14 30 38 86
91 Public administration 5 12 29 29 75
Total 102 322 708 923 2055

Definition of the establishment

NAICS is a classification system for establishments. The establishment is defined as the smallest operating entity for which records provide information on the cost of inputs - capital, labour, energy, materials and services - employed to produce the units of output. The output may be sold to other establishments and receipts or sales recorded, or the output may be provided without explicit charge, that is, the good or service may be "sold" within the company itself.

The establishment in NAICS Canada is generally a single physical location, where business is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed (for example, a factory, mill, store, hotel, movie theatre, mine, farm, airline terminal, sales office, warehouse, or central administrative office).

There are cases where records identify distinct and separate economic activities performed at a single physical location (e.g., shops in a hotel). These retailing activities, operated out of the same physical location as the hotel, are identified as separate establishments and classified in retail trade while the hotel is classified in accommodation. In such cases, each activity is treated as a separate establishment provided that: no one industry description in the classification includes such combined activities; separate reports can be prepared on the number of employees, their wages and salaries, sales or receipts, and expenses; and employment and output are significant for both activities.

Exceptions to the single location exist for physically dispersed operations, such as construction, transportation, and telecommunications. For these activities the individual sites, projects, fields, networks, lines, or systems of such dispersed activities are not normally considered to be establishments. The establishment is represented by those relatively permanent main or branch offices, terminals, stations, and so forth, that are either (1) directly responsible for supervising such activities, or (2) the base from which personnel operate to carry out these activities.

Although an establishment may be identical with the enterprise (company), the two terms should not be confused. An enterprise (company) may consist of more than one establishment. Such multi-unit enterprises may have establishments in more than one industry in NAICS. If such enterprises have a separate establishment primarily engaged in providing headquarters services, these establishments are classified in NAICS Sector 55, Management of companies and enterprises.

Although all establishments have output, they may or may not have receipts. In large enterprises, it is not unusual for establishments to exist to solely serve other establishments of the same enterprise (auxiliary establishments). In such cases, these units often do not collect receipts from the establishments they serve. This type of support activity is found throughout the economy and involves goods producing activities as well as services. Units that carry out support activities for the enterprise to which they belong are classified, to the extent feasible, according to the NAICS code related to their own activity. This means that warehouses providing storage facilities for their own enterprise will be classified as warehouses.

Determining the Industry Classification of an establishment

An establishment is classified to an industry when its principal activity meets the definition for that industry. This is a straightforward determination for establishments engaged in a single activity, but where establishments are engaged in more than one activity, it is necessary to establish procedures for identifying its principal activity.

In cases where there is more than one activity, the industry code is assigned based on the relative share of value-added. The activity with the largest value-added is identified as the establishment's principal activity, and the establishment is classified to the industry corresponding to that activity. For example, if the value added within an establishment consists of 40% from manufacturing dishwashers, 30% from manufacturing airspeed instruments and 30% from assembling clocks, it will be classified to NAICS 335223, Major kitchen appliance manufacturing. The assignment of the industry code is performed at the 6-digit level of the classification.

In most cases, when an establishment is engaged in more than one activity, the activities are treated independently. However, in some cases, the activities are treated in combination. There are two types of combined activities that are given special attention in NAICS. They are vertical integration and joint production (horizontal integration).

These combined activities have an economic basis and occur in both goods-producing and services-producing sectors. In some cases, there are efficiencies to be gained from combining certain activities in the same establishment. Some of these combinations occur so commonly or frequently that their combination can be treated as a third activity in its own right and explicitly classified in a specific industry.

One approach to classifying these activities would be to use the primary activity rule, that is, whichever activity is largest. However, the fundamental principle of NAICS is that establishments that employ the same production process should be classified in the same industry. If the premise that the combined activities correspond to a distinct third activity is accepted, then using the primary activity rule would place establishments performing the same combination of activities in different industries, thereby violating the production principle of NAICS. A second reason for NAICS recognizing combined activities is to improve the stability of establishment classification, both over time and among the various parties that implement the classification. An establishment should remain classified in the same industry unless its production process changes; and different parties should code the same establishment or type of establishment in the same way. A consistent treatment of establishments with combined activities is more likely if they are classified to a single industry.

Vertical integration involves consecutive stages of fabrication or production processes in which the output of one step is the input of the next. In general, establishments will be classified based on the final process in a vertically-integrated production environment, unless specifically identified as classified in another industry. For example, paper may be produced either by establishments that first produce pulp and then consume that pulp to produce paper or by those establishments producing paper from purchased pulp. NAICS specifies that both of these types of paper-producing processes should be classified in NAICS 32212, Paper mills rather than in NAICS 32211, Pulp mills. In other cases, NAICS specifies that vertically-integrated establishments be classified in the industry representing the first stage of the manufacturing process. For example, steel mills that make steel and also perform other activities such as producing steel castings are classified in NAICS 33111, Iron and steel mills and ferro-alloy manufacturing, the first stage of the manufacturing process.

The joint production of goods or services represents the second type of combined activities. In some cases, these combined activities have been assigned to a specific NAICS industry. For example, establishments that both engage in the sale of new cars and also provide repair services are coded to NAICS 44111, new car dealers. In other cases, specific industries have been identified for these combined activities, such as NAICS 44711, Gasoline stations with convenience stores.

In some complex businesses, there are units that exclusively produce services in support of other units within the same company or enterprise. Examples of such units are transportation units, central administrative units and head offices. Such units are known as ancillary units and are classified according to the NAICS code related to their own activity. This means that a warehouse providing storage facilities for its own company or enterprise will be classified as a warehouse. Similarly, a head office providing headquarters services for its own company or enterprise will be classified to the head office industry.

The Relationship of NAICS Canada and ISIC Revision 4

Recognizing that economic statistics are substantially more useful if they are also internationally comparable, the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations (UN) first adopted an International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) in 1948. Since then, ISIC has been revised in 1958, 1968, 1989, and, most recently, in 2008. This 2008 version of the classification is referred to as ISIC Revision 4. With these various revisions, the Council has recommended that member states adopt, as soon as possible, the latest version of the classification, with such modifications as necessary to meet national requirements, without disturbing the framework of the classification.

Similar to NAICS, ISIC was designed primarily to provide a classification for grouping activities (rather than enterprises or firms), and the primary focus for the ISIC classification system is the kind of activity in which establishments or other statistical entities are engaged. Whereas the main criteria employed in delineating the divisions, groups and classes of ISIC are: (a) the character of the goods and services produced; (b) the uses to which the goods and services are put; and (c) the inputs, the process and technology of production, it is the third criterion of ISIC that corresponds to the conceptual basis of NAICS.

ISIC Rev. 4 groups economic activity into 21 broad sections, 88 divisions, 238 groups, and 419 classes. In the coding system, sections are distinguished by the letters A through U and the divisions, groups, and classes are identified as the two-digit, three-digit, and four-digit groupings, respectively. As was the case with NAICS, the most recent revision of ISIC also focused on improvements to the detail in services sections.

In the development and subsequent revision of NAICS industries, the statistical agencies of the three countries strove to create industries that did not cross ISIC two-digit boundaries. The 2007 revision of NAICS and revision 4 of ISIC increased comparability beyond previous levels. The 2012 and 2017 NAICS revision maintains the same level of comparability with ISIC Rev. 4.

The third and fourth versions of ISIC put increased emphasis on harmonization with other activity classifications. ISIC Rev. 4 in particular was intended to have improved comparability with NAICS. The ISIC Rev. 4 revision process spanned several years and involved contributions from classification experts and users around the world, including NAICS experts. The revised ISIC structure is more detailed than the previous version, especially in the area of services. As well, to improve comparability explanatory notes have been extended to provide additional detail. This improved comparability reflects ISIC's central role in international comparison and analysis of industry statistics.

In addition to working to maintain coherence between NAICS and ISIC, international efforts have also focused on moving towards greater coherence between NAICS, ISIC and the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE, Nomenclature statistique des activités économiques dans la Communauté européenne). NACE is very similar to ISIC, so improved convergence of NAICS with ISIC benefits convergence with NACE as well.

Classification Structure

The structure of NAICS Canada displays the codes and titles of the sectors, subsectors, industry groups, industry, and Canadian industries. In general, comparable sectors, subsectors, industry groups, industries carry the same code in NAICS Canada, NAICS Mexico and NAICS United States.

The superscripts at the end of NAICS class titles are used to signify comparability:

Classification structure
Codes of sectors Titles of sectors
CAN Canadian industry only
MEX Canadian and Mexican industries are comparable
US Canadian and United States industries are comparable
[Blank] [No superscript symbol] Canadian, Mexican and United States industries are comparable.

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2017 Version 1.0

Status

This standard was approved as a departmental standard on March 21, 2016.

NAICS Canada 2017 Version 1.0

Statistics Canada, the Economic Classification Policy Committee (ECPC) of the United States, and Mexico's Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) have agreed upon minor NAICS revisions for 2017.

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Concordances

Integrated Business Statistics Program (IBSP)

Reporting Guide

This guide is designed to assist you as you complete the 2015 Annual Survey of Research and Development in Canadian Industry – Industrial Non-profit Organizations. If you need more information, please call the Statistics Canada Help Line at the number below.

Help Line: 1-800-972-9692

Your answers are confidential.

Statistics Canada is prohibited by law from releasing any information it collects which could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent or as permitted by the Statistics Act.

Statistics Canada will use information from this survey for statistical purposes.

NOTE:

  1. If this organization performs in-house research and development (R&D) and outsources R&D, complete all questions.
  2. If this organization performs in-house research and development (R&D) and does not outsource R&D, complete question 1-6, 9-20.
  3. If this organization outsources research and development (R&D) and does not perform in-house R&D, complete questions 1-4,6-8, 13, 17-20.
  4. If this organization does not perform in-house research and development (R&D) and does not outsource R&D, complete questions 1-4, 6, 13, 17-18 and 20.

For this survey

'In-house R&D' refers to
Expenditures within Canada for R&D performed within this organization by:

  • employees (permanent, temporary or casual)
  • self-employed individuals or contractors who are working on-site on this organization's R&D projects

'Outsourced R&D' refers to
Payments made within or outside Canada to other organizations, companies or individuals to fund R&D performance:

  • contracts
  • grants
  • fellowships

Reporting period information

Here are some examples of common fiscal periods that fall within the targeted dates:

  • May 1, 2014 to April 30, 2015
  • June 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015
  • August 1, 2014 to July 31, 2015
  • October 1, 2014 to September 30, 2015
  • December 1, 2014 to November 30, 2015
  • January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015
  • February 1, 2015 to January 31, 2016
  • March 1, 2015 to February 28, 2016
  • April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016

Here are other examples of fiscal periods that fall within the required dates:

  • September 18, 2014 to September 15, 2015 (e.g., floating year-end)
  • June 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 (e.g., a newly opened business)

Definitions and Concepts

'In-house' refers to R&D which is performed on-site or within the organization's establishment. Exclude R&D expenses performed by other companies or organizations. A later question will collect these data.

Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge – including knowledge of humankind, culture and society – and to devise new applications of available knowledge.

R&D is performed in the natural sciences, engineering, social sciences and humanities. There are three types of R&D activities: basic research, applied research and experimental development.

Research work in the social sciences

Include if projects are employing new or significantly different modelling techniques or developing new formulae, analyzing data not previously available or applying new research techniques, development of community strategies for disease prevention, or health education.

Exclude:

  • routine analytical projects using standard techniques and existing data
  • routine market research
  • routine statistical analysis intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

Activities included and excluded from R&D

Inclusions

Prototypes

Include design, construction and operation of prototypes provided that the primary objective is to make further improvements or to undertake technical testing. Exclude if the prototype is for commercial purposes.

Pilot plants

Include construction and operation of pilot plants provided that the primary objective is to make further improvement or to undertake technical testing. Exclude if the pilot plant is intended to be operated for commercial purposes.

New computer software or significant improvements/modifications to existing computer software

Includes technological or scientific advances in theoretical computer sciences; operating systems e.g. improvement in interface management, developing new operating system of converting an existing operating system to a significantly different hardware environment; programming languages; and applications if a significant technological change occurs.

Contracts

Include all contracts which require R&D. For contracts which include other work, report only the R&D costs.

Research work in the social sciences

Include if projects are employing new or significantly different modelling techniques or developing new formulae, analyzing data not previously available or applying new research techniques.

Exclusions

Routine analysis in the social sciences including policy-related studies, management studies and efficiency studies

Exclude analytical projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies, principles and models of the related social sciences to bear on a particular problem (e.g. commentary on the probable economic effects of a change in the tax structure, using existing economic data; use of standard techniques in applied psychology to select and classify industrial and military personnel, students, etc., and to test children with reading or other disabilities), are not R&D.

Consumer surveys, advertising, market research

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for commercialization of the results of R&D are excluded.

Routine quality control and testing

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies not intended to create new knowledge are not R&D and are excluded even if carried out by personnel normally engaged in R&D.

Pre-production activities such as demonstration of commercial viability, tooling up, trial production, trouble shooting

Exclude although R&D may be required as a result of these steps, these activities are excluded from R&D.

Prospecting, exploratory drilling, development of mines, oil or gas wells

Include only for R&D projects concerned with new equipment or techniques in these activities, such as in-situ and tertiary recovery research.

Engineering

Exclude engineering unless it is in direct support of R&D.

Design and drawing

Exclude design and drawing unless it is in direct support of R&D.

Patent and license work

Exclude all administrative and legal work connected with patents and licenses.

Cosmetic modifications or style changes to existing products

Exclude where no significant technical improvement or modification to the existing products.

General purpose or routine data collection

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

Routine computer programming, systems maintenance or software application

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended to support on-going operations.

Routine mathematical or statistical analysis or operations analysis

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

Activities associated with standards compliance

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended to support standards compliance.

Specialized routine medical care such as routine pathology services

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

In-house research and development (R&D) expenditures (Q4)

In-house research and development expenditures are composed of current in-house research and development (R&D) expenditures and capital in-house R&D expenditures.

Current in house R&D expenditures

  1. Wages and salaries of permanent, temporary and casual R&D employees Include: fringe benefits

    Fringe benefits of employees engaged in R&D activities. Fringe benefits include bonus payments, holiday or vacation pay, pension fund contributions, other social security payments, payroll taxes, etc.
  2. Services to support R&D

    Include: services of self-employed individuals or contractors who are working on-site on this organizations R&D projects.
    Exclude: contracted out or granted expenditures to other organizations to perform R&D.

    Payments to on-site R&D consultants and contractors working under the direct control of your organization; indirect services purchased to support in-house R&D such as security, storage, repair, maintenance and use of buildings and equipment; computer services, software licensing fees and dissemination of R&D findings
  3. R&D materials

    Utilities: water, fuel, gas and electricity; materials for creation of prototypes, reference materials (books, journals, etc.); subscriptions to libraries and data bases, memberships to scientific societies, etc.; cost of outsourced small R&D prototypes or R&D models; materials for laboratories (chemicals, animals, etc.); all other R&D-related materials
  4. All other current costs

    Administrative and overhead costs (e.g., office, post and telecommunications, internet, insurance), prorated if necessary to allow for non-R&D activities within the company or organization

Capital in-house R&D expenditures

Capital in-house R&D expenditures are the annual gross amount paid for the acquisition of fixed assets that are used repeatedly, or continuously in the performance of research and development (R&D) for more than one year. They should be reported in full for the period when they occurred. Exclude capital depreciation.

  1. Software
    Exclude: capital depreciationApplications and systems software (original, custom and off-the-shelf software), supporting documentation and other software-related acquisitions
  2. Land
    Exclude: capital depreciationLand acquired for R&D including testing grounds, sites for laboratories and pilot plants
  3. Buildings and structures
    Exclude: capital depreciationBuildings and structures (constructed or purchased) for research and development (R&D) activities or that have undergone major leasehold improvements (modifications, renovations and repairs) for R&D activities
  4. Equipment, machinery and all other
    Exclude: capital depreciation

    Major equipment, machinery and instruments, including embedded software, acquired for research and development (R&D) activities

Outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D expenditures (Q6)

Include: payments made through contracts, grants, donations and fellowships to another company, organization or individual to purchase or fund R&D activities.

Exclude: expenditures for on-site R&D contractors.

  1. Companies

    All incorporated for-profit businesses and government business enterprises providing products in the market at market rates.
  2. Private non-profit organizations

    Voluntary health organizations, private philanthropic foundations, associations and societies and research institutes; they are not-for-profit organizations that serve the public interest by supporting activities related to public welfare (such as health, education, the environment).
  3. Industrial research institutes or associations

    Non-profit organizations that serve the business enterprise sector frequently consisting of their membership. Industrial non-profit organizations include non-profit industrial research institutes.
  4. Hospitals
  5. Universities
  6. Federal government departments and agencies

    All federal government ministries, departments and agencies. It excludes federal government business enterprises providing products in the market.
  7. Provincial government departments and agencies

    All provincial government ministries, departments and agencies. It excludes provincial government business enterprises providing products in the market.
  8. Provincial research organizations

    Organizations created under provincial or territorial law which conduct or facilitate research on behalf of the province or territory.
  9. Other

    Individuals, non-university educational institutions, foreign governments

Sources of funds for in-house R&D expenditures in 2015 (Q10)

Include: Canadian and foreign sources

Exclude: payments for outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D which should be reported in question 7 on Outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D; capital depreciation.

  1. Funds from this organization

    Amount contributed by this unit to R&D performed within Canada (include interest payments and other income, land, buildings and structures, equipment and machinery (capital expenditures) purchased for R&D).
  2. Funds from member companies or affiliates

    Amount received from member organizations and affiliated organizations used to perform R&D within Canada (include annual fees and sustaining grants, land, buildings and structures, equipment and machinery (capital expenditures) purchased for R&D).
  3. Federal grants

    Include: R&D grants or R&D portion only of other grants

    Funds from the federal government in support of R&D activities not connected to a specific contractual deliverable.
  4. Federal contracts

    Include:     R&D contracts or R&D portion only of other contracts

    Funds from the federal government in support of R&D activities connected to a specific contractual deliverable.
  5. R&D contract work for other companies

    Funds received from other companies to perform R&D on their behalf.
  6. Other sources

    Funds received from all other sources not previously classified.

Fields of research and development for in-house R&D expenditures within Canada in 2015 (Q11)

Exclude: payments for outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D which should be reported in question 7 on Outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D; capital depreciation.

Natural and formal sciences

Mathematics, physical sciences, chemical sciences, earth and related environmental sciences, biological sciences, other natural sciences.

Exclude: computer sciences, information technology and bioinformatics (to be reported at line s and t)

  1. Mathematics

    Pure mathematics, applied mathematics, statistics and probability.
  2. Physical Sciences

    Atomic, molecular and chemical physics, interaction with radiation, magnetic resonances, condensed matter physics, solid state physics and superconductivity, particles and fields physics, nuclear physics, fluids and plasma physics (including surface physics), optics (including laser optics and quantum optics), acoustics, astronomy (including astrophysics, space science).
  3. Chemical sciences

    Organic chemistry, inorganic and nuclear chemistry, physical chemistry, polymer science and plastics, electrochemistry (dry cells, batteries, fuel cells, metal corrosion, electrolysis), colloid chemistry, analytical chemistry.
  4. Earth and related environmental sciences

    Geosciences, geophysics, mineralogy and palaeontology, geochemistry and geophysics, physical geography, geology and volcanology, environmental sciences, meteorology, atmospheric sciences and climatic research, oceanography, hydrology and water resources.
  5. Biological sciences

    Cell biology, microbiology and virology, biochemistry, molecular biology and biochemical research, mycology, biophysics, genetics and heredity (medical genetics under medical biotechnology), reproductive biology (medical aspects under medical biotechnology), developmental biology, plant sciences and botany, zoology, ornithology, entomology and behavioural sciences biology, marine biology, freshwater biology and limnology, ecology and biodiversity conservation, biology (theoretical, thermal, cryobiology, biological rhythm), evolutionary biology.
  6. Other natural sciences

Engineering and Technology

Civil engineering, electrical engineering, electronic engineering and communications technology, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, materials engineering, medical engineering, environmental engineering, environmental biotechnology, industrial biotechnology, nanotechnology, other engineering and technologies.

Exclude: software engineering and technology (to be reported at line r)

  1. Civil engineering

    Civil engineering, architecture engineering, municipal and structural engineering, transport engineering.
  2. Electrical engineering, electronic engineering and communications technology

    Electrical and electronic engineering, robotics and automatic control, micro-electronics, semiconductors, automation and control systems, communication engineering and systems, telecommunications, computer hardware and architecture.
  3. Mechanical engineering

    Mechanical engineering, Applied mechanics, Thermodynamics, Aerospace engineering, Nuclear-related engineering (nuclear physics under Physical sciences), Acoustical engineering, Reliability analysis and non-destructive testing, Automotive and transportation engineering and manufacturing, Tooling, machinery and equipment engineering and manufacturing, Heating, ventilation and air conditioning engineering and manufacturing.
  4. Chemical engineering

    Chemical engineering (plants, products), chemical process engineering.
  5. Materials engineering

    Materials engineering and metallurgy, ceramics, coating and films (including packaging and printing), plastics, rubber and composites (including laminates and reinforced plastics), paper and wood and textiles, construction materials (organic and inorganic).
  6. Medical Engineering

    Medical and biomedical engineering, medical laboratory technology (excluding biomaterials which should be reported under industrial biotechnology).
  7. Environmental engineering

    Environmental and geological engineering, petroleum engineering (fuel, oils), energy and fuels, remote sensing, mining and mineral processing, marine engineering, sea vessels and ocean engineering.
  8. Environmental biotechnology

    Environmental biotechnology, bioremediation, diagnostic biotechnologies in environmental management (DNA chips and bio-sensing devices).
  9. Industrial biotechnology

    Industrial biotechnology, bioprocessing technologies, biocatalysis and fermentation bioproducts (products that are manufactured using biological material as feedstock), biomaterials (bioplastics, biofuels, bioderived bulk and fine chemicals, bio-derived materials).
  10. Nanotechnology

    Nano-materials (production and properties), nano-processes (applications on nano-scale).
  11. Other engineering and technologies

    Food and beverages, oenology, other engineering and technologies.

Software-related sciences and technology

Software engineering and technology, computer sciences, information technology and bioinformatics.

  1. Software engineering and technology

    Computer software engineering, computer software technology, and other related computer software engineering and technologies.
  2. Computer sciences

    Computer science, artificial intelligence, cryptography, and other related computer sciences
  3. Information technology and bioinformatics

    Information technology, informatics, bioinformatics, biomathematics, and other related information technologies.

Medical and health sciences

Basic medicine, clinical medicine, health sciences, medical biotechnology, other medical sciences.

  1. Basic medicine

    Anatomy and morphology (plant science under biological science), human genetics, immunology, neurosciences, pharmacology and pharmacy and medicinal chemistry, toxicology, physiology and cytology, pathology.
  2. Clinical medicine

    Andrology, obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatrics, cardiac and cardiovascular systems, haematology, anaesthesiology, orthopaedics, radiology and nuclear medicine, dentistry, oral surgery and medicine, dermatology, venereal diseases and allergy, rheumatology, endocrinology and metabolism and gastroenterology, urology and nephrology, and oncology.
  3. Health sciences

    Health care sciences and nursing, nutrition and dietetics, parasitology, infectious diseases and epidemiology, occupational health.
  4. Medical biotechnology

    Health-related biotechnology, technologies involving the manipulation of cells, tissues, organs or the whole organism, technologies involving identifying the functioning of DNA, proteins and enzymes, pharmacogenomics, gene-based therapeutics, biomaterials (related to medical implants, devices, sensors).
  5. Other medical sciences

    Forensic science, other medical sciences.

Agricultural Sciences

Agriculture, forestry and fisheries sciences, animal and dairy sciences, veterinary sciences, agricultural biotechnology, other agricultural sciences.

  1. Agriculture, forestry and fisheries sciences

    Agriculture, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, soil science, horticulture, viticulture, agronomy, plant breeding and plant protection.
  2. Animal and dairy sciences

    Animal and dairy science, animal husbandry.
  3. Veterinary sciences

    Veterinary science (all).
  4. Agricultural biotechnology

    Agricultural biotechnology and food biotechnology, genetically modified (GM) organism technology and livestock cloning, diagnostics (DNA chips and biosensing devices), biomass feedstock production technologies and biopharming.
  5. Other agricultural sciences

Social sciences and humanities

Psychology, educational sciences, economics and business, other social sciences, humanities.

  1. Psychology

    Cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics, experimental psychology, psychometrics and quantitative psychology, and other fields of psychology.
  2. Educational sciences

    Education, training and other related educational sciences.
  3. Economics and business

    Micro-economics, macro-economics, econometrics, labour economics, financial economics, business economics, entrepreneurial and business administration, management and operations, management sciences, finance and all other related fields of economics and business.
  4. Other social sciences

    Anthropology (social and cultural) and ethnology, demography, geography (human, economic and social), planning (town, city and country), management, organisation and methods (excluding market research unless new methods/techniques are developed), law, linguistics, political sciences, sociology, miscellaneous social sciences and interdisciplinary, and methodological and historical science and technology activities relating to subjects in this group.
  5. Humanities

    History (history, prehistory and history, together with auxiliary historical disciplines such as archaeology, numismatics, palaeography, genealogy, etc.), languages and literature (ancient and modern), other humanities (philosophy (including the history of science and technology)), arts (history of art, art criticism, painting, sculpture, musicology, dramatic art excluding artistic "research" of any kind), religion, theology, other fields and subjects pertaining to the humanities, and methodological, historical and other science and technology activities relating to the subjects in this group.

Nature of R&D for in-house expenditures within Canada in 2015 (Q12)

R&D is performed in the natural sciences, engineering, social sciences and humanities. There are three types of R&D activities: basic research, applied research and experimental development.

  1. Basic research

    Experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view.
  2. Applied research

    Is original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific, practical aim or objective.
  3. Experimental development

    Is systematic work, drawing on knowledge gained from research and practical experience and producing additional knowledge, which is directed to producing new products or processes or to improving existing products or processes.

In-house R&D personnel in 2015 (Q14)

Include:

  • permanent, temporary and casual R&D employees
  • independent on-site R&D consultants and contractors working in your organization's offices, laboratories, or other facilities
  • employees engaged in R&D-related support activities.

Researchers and research managers

  1. Scientists, social scientists, engineers and researchers
    Include: software developers and programmers

    Are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge. They conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models, techniques instrumentation, software or operational methods. They may be certified by provincial educational authorities, provincial or national scientific or engineering associations.
  2. Senior research managers

    Plan or manage R&D projects and programs. They may be certified by provincial educational authorities, provincial or national scientific or engineering associations.

R&D technical, administrative and support staff

  1. Technicians, technologists and research assistants
    Include: software technicians

    Are persons whose main tasks require technical knowledge and experience in one or more fields of engineering, the physical and life sciences, or the social sciences, humanities and the arts. They participate in R&D by performing scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts, operational methods and the use of research equipment, normally under the supervision of researchers. They may be certified by provincial educational authorities, provincial or national scientific or engineering associations.
  2. Other R&D technical, administrative and support staff

    Include skilled and unskilled craftsmen, and administrative, secretarial and clerical staff participating in R&D projects or directly associated with such projects.

Other R&D occupations

  1. On-site R&D consultants and contractors

    Are individuals hired 1) to perform project-based work or to provide goods at a fixed or ascertained price or within a certain time or 2) to provide advice or services in a specialized field for a fee and, in both cases, work at the location specified and controlled by the contracting organization.

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

R&D may be carried out by persons who work solely on R&D projects or by persons who devote only part of their time to R&D, and the balance to other activities such as testing, quality control and production engineering. To arrive at the total effort devoted to R&D in terms of personnel, it is necessary to estimate the full-time equivalent of these persons working only part-time in R&D.

FTE (full-time equivalent) = Number of persons who work solely on R&D projects + the time of persons working only part of their time on R&D.

Example calculation: If out of four scientists engaged in R&D work, one works solely on R&D projects and the remaining three devote only one quarter of their working time to R&D, then: FTE = 1 + 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 = 1.75 scientists.

Technology or technical assistant payments in 2015 (Q17 and Q18)

Definitions (equivalent to the Canadian Intellectual Property Office https://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/cipointernet-internetopic.nsf/eng/h_wr03652.html)

  1. Patents

    Government grant giving the right to exclude others from making, using or selling an invention.
  2. Copyright

    Provides protection for literary, artistic, dramatic or musical works (including computer programs), and three other subject matter known as: performance, sound recording, and communication signal.
  3. Trademark

    Word, symbol or design (or any combination of these features) used to distinguish the wares and services of one person or organization from those of others in the marketplace.
  4. Industrial design

    Visual features of shape, configuration, pattern or ornament (or any combination of these features), applied to a finished article of manufacture.
  5. Integrated circuit topography

    Three-dimensional arrangement of the electronic circuits in integrated circuit products or layout designs.
  6. Original software

    Consist of computer programs and descriptive materials for both systems and applications. Original software can be created in-house or outsourced and includes packaged software with customization.
  7. Packaged or off-the-shelf software

    Purchased for use by your organization and excludes customized software.
  8. Databases

    Consist of files of data organized to permit effective access and use of the data.
  9. Other

    Technical assistance, industrial processes and know-how.

Energy-related R&D by area of technology (Q19)

1. Fossil Fuels

Crude oils and natural gas exploration, crude oils and natural gas production, oil sands and heavy crude oils surface and sub-surface production and separation of the bitumen, tailings management, refining, processing and upgrading, coal production, separation and processing, transportation of fossil fuels.

  1. Crude oils and natural gas exploration

    Development of advanced exploration methods (geophysical, geochemical, seismic, magnetic) for on-shore and off-shore prospecting.
  2. Crude oil and natural gas production (including enhanced recovery) and storage

    On-shore and off-shore deep drilling equipment and techniques for conventional oil and gas, secondary and tertiary recovery of oil and gas, hydro fracturing techniques, processing and cleaning of raw product, storage on remote platforms (e.g., Arctic, off-shore), safety aspects of offshore platforms.
  3. Oil sands and heavy crude oils surface and sub-surface production and separation of the bitumen, tailings management

    Surface and in-situ production (e.g., SAGD); tailings management.
  4. Refining, processing and upgrading

    Processing of natural gas to pipeline specifications, and refining of conventional crude oils to refined petroleum products (RPPs), and the upgrading of bitumen and heavy oils either to synthetic crude oil or to RPPs. Upgrading may be done at an oil sands plant, regional merchant upgraders or integrated into a refinery producing RPPs.
  5. Coal production, separation and processing

    Coal, lignite and peat exploration, deposit evaluation techniques, mining techniques, separation techniques, coking and blending, other processing such as coal to liquids, underground (in-situ) gasification.
  6. Transportation of fossil fuels

    Transport of gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons via pipelines (land and submarine) and their network evaluation; safety aspects of LNG transport and storage.

2. Renewable energy resources

Solar photovoltaics (PV), solar thermal-power and high-temperature applications, solar heating and cooling, wind energy, bio-energy – biomass production, bio-energy – biomass conversion to fuels, bio-energy – biomass conversion to heat and electricity, and other bio-energy, small hydro (less than 10 MW), large hydro (greater than or equal to 10 MW), other renewable energy.

  1. Solar photovoltaics (PV)

    Solar cell development, PV-module development, PV-inverter development, building-integrated PV-modules, PV-system development, other.
  2. Solar thermal-power and high-temperature applications

    Solar chemistry, concentrating collector development, solar thermal power plants, high-temperature applications for heat and power.
  3. Solar heating and cooling

    Daylighting, passive and active solar heating and cooling, collector development, hot water preparation, combined-space heating, solar architecture, solar drying, solar-assisted ventilation, swimming pool heating, low-temperature process heating, other.
  4. Wind energy

    Technology development, such as blades, turbines, converters structures, system integration, other.
  5. Bio-energy – Biomass production/supply and transport

    Improvement of energy crops, research on bio-energy production potential and associated land-use effects, supply and transport of bio-solids, bio-liquids, biogas and bio-derived energy products (e.g., ethanol, biodiesel), compacting and baling, other.
  6. Bio-energy – Biomass conversion to fuels

    Conventional bio-fuels, cellulosic-derived alcohols, biomass gas-to-liquids, other energy-related products and by-products.
  7. Bio-energy – Biomass conversion to heat and electricity

    Bio-based heat, electricity and combined heat and power (CHP), exclude multi-firing with fossil fuels.
  8. Other bio-energy

    Recycling and the use of municipal, industrial and agricultural waste as energy not covered elsewhere.
  9. Small-Hydro – (less than 10 MW)

    Plants with capacity below 10 MW.
  10. Large-Hydro – (greater than or equal to 10 MW)

    Plants with capacity of 10 MW and above.
  11. Other renewable energy

    Hot dry rock, hydro-thermal, geothermal heat applications (including agriculture), tidal power, wave energy, ocean current power, ocean thermal power, other.

3. Nuclear fission and fusion

Materials exploration, mining and preparation, tailings management, nuclear reactors, other fission, fusion.

  1. Nuclear materials exploration, mining and preparation, tailings management

    Development of advanced exploration methods (geophysical, geochemical) for prospecting, ore surface and in-situ production, uranium and thorium extraction and conversion, enrichment, handling of tailings and remediation.
  2. Nuclear reactors

    Nuclear reactors of all types and related system components.
  3. Other fission

    Nuclear safety, environmental protection (emission reduction or avoidance), radiation protection and decommissioning of power plants and related nuclear fuel cycle installations, nuclear waste treatment, disposal and storage, fissile material recycling, fissile materials control, transport of radioactive materials.
  4. Fusion

    All types (e.g., magnetic confinement, laser applications).

4. Electric Power

Generation in utility sector, combined heat and power in industry and in buildings, electricity transmission, distribution and storage of electricity.

  1. Electric power generation in utility sector

    Conventional and non-conventional technology (e.g., pulverised coal, fluidised bed, gasification-combined cycle, supercritical), re-powering, retrofitting, life extensions and upgrading of power plants, generators and components, super-conductivity, magneto hydrodynamic, dry cooling towers, co-firing (e.g., with biomass), air and thermal pollution reduction or avoidance, flue gas cleanup (excluding CO2 removal), CHP (combined heat and power) not covered elsewhere.
  2. Electric power - combined heat and power in industry, buildings

    Industrial applications, small scale applications for buildings.
  3. Electricity transmission, distribution and storage

    Solid state power electronics, load management and control systems, network problems, super-conducting cables, AC and DC high voltage cables, HVDC transmission, other transmission and distribution related to integrating distributed and intermittent generating sources into networks, all storage (e.g., batteries, hydro reservoirs, fly wheels), other.

Hydrogen and fuel cells

Hydrogen production for process applications, hydrogen production for transportation applications, hydrogen transport and storage, other hydrogen, fuel cells, both stationary and mobile.

  1. Hydrogen production for process applications
  2. Hydrogen production for transportation applications
  3. Hydrogen transport and storage
  4. Other hydrogen
    End uses (e.g., combustion), other infrastructure and systems R&D (refuelling stations).
  5. Stationary fuel cells
    Electricity generation, other stationary end-use.
  6. Mobile fuel cellsPortable applications.

6. Energy efficiency

Industry, residential and commercial, transportation, other energy efficiency.

  1. Energy efficiency applications for industry

    Reduction of energy consumption through improved use of energy and/or reduction or avoidance of air and other emissions related to the use of energy in industrial systems and processes (excluding bio-energy-related) through the development of new techniques, new processes and new equipment, other.
  2. Energy efficiency for residential, institutional and commercial sectors

    Space heating and cooling, ventilation and lighting control systems other than solar technologies, low energy housing design and performance other than solar technologies, new insulation and building materials, thermal performance of buildings, domestic appliances, other.
  3. Energy efficiency for transportation

    Analysis and optimisation of energy consumption in the transport sector, efficiency improvements in light-duty vehicles, heavy-duty vehicles, non-road vehicles, public transport systems, engine-fuel optimisation, use of alternative fuels (liquid and gaseous, other than hydrogen), fuel additives, diesel engines, Stirling motors, electric cars, hybrid cars, includes air emission reduction, other.
  4. Other energy efficiency

    Waste heat utilisation (heat maps, process integration, total energy systems, low temperature thermodynamic cycles), district heating, heat pump development, reduction of energy consumption in the agricultural sector.

7. Other energy-related technologies

Carbon capture, transportation and storage for fossil fuel production and processing, electric power generation, industry in end-use sector, energy systems analysis, all other energy-related technologies.

  1. Carbon capture, transportation and storage related to fossil fuel production and processing
  2. Carbon capture, transportation and storage related to electric power production
  3. Carbon capture, transportation and storage related to industry in end use sector
    Include: Industry in the end use sector, such as steel production, manufacturing, etc.

    Exclude Fossil fuel production and processing and electric power production
  4. Energy system analysis

    System analysis related to energy R&D not covered elsewhere, sociological, economical and environmental impact of energy which are not specifically related to one technology area listed in the sections above.
  5. All other energy-related technologies

    Energy technology information dissemination, studies not related to a specific technology area listed above.

Integrated Business Statistics Program (IBSP)

Reporting Guide

This guide is designed to assist you as you complete the 2015 Annual Survey of Research and Development in Canadian Industry. If you need more information, please call the Statistics Canada Help Line at the number below.

Help Line: 1-800-972-9692

Your answers are confidential.

Statistics Canada is prohibited by law from releasing any information it collects which could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent or as permitted by the Statistics Act.

Statistics Canada will use information from this survey for statistical purposes.

NOTE:

  1. If this business performs in-house research and development (R&D) and outsources R&D, complete all questions.
  2. If this business performs in-house research and development (R&D) and does not outsource R&D, complete question 1-5, 7-19.
  3. If this business outsources research and development (R&D) and does not perform in-house R&D, complete questions 1-3, 5-7, 12, 16-19.
  4. If this business does not perform in-house research and development (R&D) and does not outsource R&D, complete questions 1-3, 5, 12, 16, 17 and 19.

Difference between Scientific Research and Experimental Development (SR&ED) tax incentive program and this survey

Include the following in this survey:

  • capital R&D expenditures
  • R&D expenditures in the social sciences and humanities
  • payments for R&D performed by organizations outside Canada

For this survey

'In-house R&D' refers to

Expenditures within Canada for R&D performed within this business by:

  • employees (permanent, temporary or casual)
  • self-employed individuals or contractors who are working on-site on this business's R&D projects

'Outsourced R&D' refers to

Payments made within or outside Canada to other organizations, companies or individuals to fund R&D performance:

  • contracts
  • grants
  • fellowships

Reporting period information

Here are some examples of common fiscal periods that fall within the targeted dates:

  • May 1, 2014 to April 30, 2015
  • June 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015
  • August 1, 2014 to July 31, 2015
  • October 1, 2014 to September 30, 2015
  • December 1, 2014 to November 30, 2015
  • January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015
  • February 1, 2015 to January 31, 2016
  • March 1, 2015 to February 28, 2016
  • April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016

Here are other examples of fiscal periods that fall within the required dates:

  • September 18, 2014 to September 15, 2015 (e.g., floating year-end)
  • June 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 (e.g., a newly opened business)

Definitions and Concepts

Research and Development (Frascati Manual)

'In-house' refers to R&D which is performed on-site or within the organization's establishment. Exclude R&D expenses performed by other companies or organizations. A later question will collect these data.

Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge – including knowledge of humankind, culture and society – and to devise new applications of available knowledge.

R&D is performed in the natural sciences, engineering, social sciences and humanities. There are three types of R&D activities: basic research, applied research and experimental development.

Research work in the social sciences

Include if projects are employing new or significantly different modelling techniques or developing new formulae, analyzing data not previously available or applying new research techniques, development of community strategies for disease prevention, or health education.

Exclude:

  • routine analytical projects using standard techniques and existing data
  • routine market research
  • routine statistical analysis intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

Activities included and excluded from R&D

Inclusions

Prototypes

Include design, construction and operation of prototypes provided that the primary objective is to make further improvements or to undertake technical testing. Exclude if the prototype is for commercial purposes.

Pilot plants

Include construction and operation of pilot plants provided that the primary objective is to make further improvement or to undertake technical testing. Exclude if the pilot plant is intended to be operated for commercial purposes.

New computer software or significant improvements/modifications to existing computer software

Includes technological or scientific advances in theoretical computer sciences; operating systems e.g. improvement in interface management, developing new operating system of converting an existing operating system to a significantly different hardware environment; programming languages; and applications if a significant technological change occurs.

Contracts

Include all contracts which require R&D. For contracts which include other work, report only the R&D costs.

Research work in the social sciences

Include if projects are employing new or significantly different modelling techniques or developing new formulae, analyzing data not previously available or applying new research techniques.

Exclusions

Routine analysis in the social sciences including policy-related studies, management studies and efficiency studies

Exclude analytical projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies, principles and models of the related social sciences to bear on a particular problem (e.g. commentary on the probable economic effects of a change in the tax structure, using existing economic data; use of standard techniques in applied psychology to select and classify industrial and military personnel, students, etc., and to test children with reading or other disabilities), are not R&D.

Consumer surveys, advertising, market research

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for commercialization of the results of R&D are excluded.

Routine quality control and testing

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies not intended to create new knowledge are not R&D and are excluded even if carried out by personnel normally engaged in R&D.

Pre-production activities such as demonstration of commercial viability, tooling up, trial production, trouble shooting

Exclude although R&D may be required as a result of these steps, these activities are excluded from R&D.

Prospecting, exploratory drilling, development of mines, oil or gas wells

Include only if for R&D projects concerned with new equipment or techniques in these activities, such as in-situ and tertiary recovery research.

Engineering

Exclude engineering unless it is in direct support of R&D.

Design and drawing

Exclude design and drawing unless it is in direct support of R&D.

Patent and license work

Exclude all administrative and legal work connected with patents and licences.

Cosmetic modifications or style changes to existing products

Exclude where no significant technical improvement or modification to the existing products.

General purpose or routine data collection

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

Routine computer programming, systems maintenance or software application

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended to support on-going operations.

Routine mathematical or statistical analysis or operations analysis

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

Activities associated with standards compliance

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended to support standards compliance.

Specialized routine medical care such as routine pathology services

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

In-house research and development (R&D) expenditures (Q4)

In-house research and development expenditures are composed of current in-house research and development (R&D) expenditures and capital in-house R&D expenditures.

Current in house R&D expenditures

  1. Wages and salaries of permanent, temporary and casual R&D employees
    Include: fringe benefits

    Fringe benefits of employees engaged in R&D activities. Fringe benefits include bonus payments, holiday or vacation pay, pension fund contributions, other social security payments, payroll taxes, etc.
  2. Services to support R&D
    Include: services of self-employed individuals or contractors who are working on-site on this business's R&D projects.
    Exclude: contracted out or granted expenditures to other organizations to perform R&D.

    Payments to on-site R&D consultants and contractors working under the direct control of your business; indirect services purchased to support in-house R&D such as security, storage, repair, maintenance and use of buildings and equipment; computer services, software licensing fees and dissemination of R&D findings
  3. R&D materials

    Utilities: water, fuel, gas and electricity; materials for creation of prototypes, reference materials (books, journals, etc.); subscriptions to libraries and data bases, memberships to scientific societies, etc.; cost of outsourced small R&D prototypes or R&D models; materials for laboratories (chemicals, animals, etc.); all other R&D-related materials
  4. All other current costs

    Administrative and overhead costs (e.g., office, post and telecommunications, internet, insurance), prorated if necessary to allow for non-R&D activities within the business

Capital in-house R&D expenditures

Capital in-house R&D expenditures are the annual gross amount paid for the acquisition of fixed assets that are used repeatedly, or continuously in the performance of research and development (R&D) for more than one year. They should be reported in full for the period when they occurred. Exclude capital depreciation.

  1. Software
    Exclude: capital depreciation

    Applications and systems software (original, custom and off-the-shelf software), supporting documentation and other software-related acquisitions
  2. Land
    Exclude: capital depreciation

    Land acquired for R&D including testing grounds, sites for laboratories and pilot plants
  3. Buildings and structures
    Exclude: capital depreciation

    Buildings and structures (constructed or purchased) for research and development (R&D) activities or that have undergone major leasehold improvements (modifications, renovations and repairs) for R&D activities
  4. Equipment, machinery and all other
    Exclude: capital depreciation

    Major equipment, machinery and instruments, including embedded software, acquired for research and development (R&D) activities

Outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D expenditures (Q6)

Include: payments made through contracts, grants, donations and fellowships to another company, organization or individual to purchase or fund R&D activities.

Exclude: expenditures for on-site R&D contractors.

  1. Parent and subsidiary companies

    Are companies connected to each other through majority ownership of the subsidiary company by the parent company. Affiliated companies are companies corrected to a through minority ownership of the affiliated companies by the parent.
  2. Other companies

    All incorporated for-profit businesses and government business enterprises providing products in the market at market rates.
  3. Private non-profit organizations
    Voluntary health organizations, private philanthropic foundations, associations and societies and research institutes; they are not-for-profit organizations that serve the public interest by supporting activities related to public welfare (such as health, education, the environment).
  4. Industrial research institutes or associations

    Non-profit organizations that serve the business enterprise sector frequently consisting of their membership. Industrial non-profit organizations include non-profit industrial research institutes.
  5. Hospitals
  6. Universities
  7. Federal government departments and agencies

    All federal government ministries, departments and agencies. It excludes federal government business enterprises providing products in the market.
  8. Provincial government departments and agencies

    All provincial government ministries, departments and agencies. It excludes provincial government business enterprises providing products in the market.
  9. Provincial research organizations

    Organizations created under provincial or territorial law which conduct or facilitate research on behalf of the province or territory.
  10. Other

    Individuals, non-university educational institutions, foreign governments

Sources of funds for in-house R&D expenditures in 2015 (Q9)

Include: Canadian and foreign sources

Exclude: payments for outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D which should be reported in question 6 on Outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D; capital depreciation.

  1. Funds from this business

    Amount contributed by this unit to R&D performed within Canada (include interest payments and other income, land, buildings and structures, equipment and machinery (capital expenditures) purchased for R&D). Include amounts eligible for income tax purposes, e.g., Scientific Research and Experimental Development (SR&ED) program, other amounts spent for projects not claimed through SR&ED, and funds for land, buildings, machinery and equipment (capital expenditures) purchased for R&D.
  2. Funds from parent, affiliated and subsidiary companies

    Amount received from parent, affiliated and subsidiary businesses used to perform R&D within Canada (include amounts eligible for income tax purposes, e.g., Scientific Research and Experimental Development (SR&ED) program, other amounts spent for projects not claimed through SR&ED, and funds for land, buildings, machinery and equipments (capital expenditures) purchased for R&D).
  3. Federal grants

    Include: R&D grants or R&D portion only of other grants

    Funds from the federal government in support of R&D activities not connected to a specific contractual deliverable.
  4. Federal contracts

    Include: R&D contracts or R&D portion only of other contracts

    Funds from the federal government in support of R&D activities connected to a specific contractual deliverable.
  5. R&D contract work for other companies

    Funds received from other companies to perform R&D on their behalf.
  6. Provincial grants or funding

    Funds from the provincial government in support of R&D activities not connected to a specific contractual deliverable.
  7. Provincial contracts

    Funds from the provincial government in support of R&D activities connected to a specific contractual deliverable.
  8. R&D contract work for private non-profit organizations

    Funds received from non-profit organizations to perform R&D on their behalf.
  9. Other sources

    Funds received from all other sources not previously classified.

Fields of research and development for in-house R&D expenditures within Canada in 2015 (Q10)

Exclude: capital depreciation and payments for outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D which should be reported in question 6 on Outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D.

Natural and formal sciences

Mathematics, physical sciences, chemical sciences, earth and related environmental sciences, biological sciences, other natural sciences.

Exclude: computer sciences, information technology and bioinformatics (to be reported at lines s and t)

  1. Mathematics

    Pure mathematics, applied mathematics, statistics and probability.
  2. Physical Sciences

    Atomic, molecular and chemical physics, interaction with radiation, magnetic resonances, condensed matter physics, solid state physics and superconductivity, particles and fields physics, nuclear physics, fluids and plasma physics (including surface physics), optics (including laser optics and quantum optics), acoustics, astronomy (including astrophysics, space science).
  3. Chemical sciences

    Organic chemistry, inorganic and nuclear chemistry, physical chemistry, polymer science and plastics, electrochemistry (dry cells, batteries, fuel cells, metal corrosion, electrolysis), colloid chemistry, analytical chemistry.
  4. Earth and related environmental sciences

    Geosciences, geophysics, mineralogy and palaeontology, geochemistry and geophysics, physical geography, geology and volcanology, environmental sciences, meteorology, atmospheric sciences and climatic research, oceanography, hydrology and water resources.
  5. Biological sciences

    Cell biology, microbiology and virology, biochemistry, molecular biology and biochemical research, mycology, biophysics, genetics and heredity (medical genetics under medical biotechnology), reproductive biology (medical aspects under medical biotechnology), developmental biology, plant sciences and botany, zoology, ornithology, entomology and behavioural sciences biology, marine biology, freshwater biology and limnology, ecology and biodiversity conservation, biology (theoretical, thermal, cryobiology, biological rhythm), evolutionary biology.
  6. Other natural sciences

Engineering and Technology

Civil engineering, electrical engineering, electronic engineering and communications technology, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, materials engineering, medical engineering, environmental engineering, environmental biotechnology, industrial biotechnology, nanotechnology, other engineering and technologies.

Exclude: software engineering and technology (to be reported at line r)

  1. Civil engineering

    Civil engineering, architecture engineering, municipal and structural engineering, transport engineering.
  2. Electrical engineering, electronic engineering and communications technology

    Electrical and electronic engineering, robotics and automatic control, micro-electronics, semiconductors, automation and control systems, communication engineering and systems, telecommunications, computer hardware and architecture.
  3. Mechanical engineering

    Mechanical engineering, applied mechanics, thermodynamics, aerospace engineering, nuclear-related engineering (nuclear physics under Physical sciences), acoustical engineering, reliability analysis and non-destructive testing, automotive and transportation engineering and manufacturing, tooling, machinery and equipment engineering and manufacturing, heating, ventilation and air conditioning engineering and manufacturing.
  4. Chemical engineering

    Chemical engineering (plants, products), chemical process engineering.
  5. Materials engineering

    Materials engineering and metallurgy, ceramics, coating and films (including packaging and printing), plastics, rubber and composites (including laminates and reinforced plastics), paper and wood and textiles, construction materials (organic and inorganic).
  6. Medical Engineering

    Medical and biomedical engineering, medical laboratory technology (excluding biomaterials which should be reported under industrial biotechnology).
  7. Environmental engineering

    Environmental and geological engineering, petroleum engineering (fuel, oils), energy and fuels, remote sensing, mining and mineral processing, marine engineering, sea vessels and ocean engineering.
  8. Environmental biotechnology

    Environmental biotechnology, bioremediation, diagnostic biotechnologies in environmental management (DNA chips and bio-sensing devices).
  9. Industrial biotechnology

    Industrial biotechnology, bioprocessing technologies, biocatalysis and fermentation bioproducts (products that are manufactured using biological material as feedstock), biomaterials (bioplastics, biofuels, bioderived bulk and fine chemicals, bio-derived materials).
  10. Nanotechnology

    Nano-materials (production and properties), nano-processes (applications on nano-scale).
  11. Other engineering and technologies

    Food and beverages, oenology, other engineering and technologies.

Software-related sciences and technology

Software engineering and technology, computer sciences, information technology and bioinformatics.

  1. Software engineering and technology

    Computer software engineering, computer software technology, and other related computer software engineering and technologies.
  2. Computer sciences

    Computer science, artificial intelligence, cryptography, and other related computer sciences.
  3. Information technology and bioinformatics

    Information technology, informatics, bioinformatics, biomathematics, and other related information technologies.

Medical and health sciences

Basic medicine, clinical medicine, health sciences, medical biotechnology, other medical sciences.

  1. Basic medicine

    Anatomy and morphology (plant science under biological science), human genetics, immunology, neurosciences, pharmacology and pharmacy and medicinal chemistry, toxicology, physiology and cytology, pathology.
  2. Clinical medicine

    Andrology, obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatrics, cardiac and cardiovascular systems, haematology, anaesthesiology, orthopaedics, radiology and nuclear medicine, dentistry, oral surgery and medicine, dermatology, venereal diseases and allergy, rheumatology, endocrinology and metabolism and gastroenterology, urology and nephrology, and oncology.
  3. Health sciences

    Health care sciences and nursing, nutrition and dietetics, parasitology, infectious diseases and epidemiology, occupational health.
  4. Medical biotechnology

    Health-related biotechnology, technologies involving the manipulation of cells, tissues, organs or the whole organism, technologies involving identifying the functioning of DNA, proteins and enzymes, pharmacogenomics, gene-based therapeutics, biomaterials (related to medical implants, devices, sensors).
  5. Other medical sciences

    Forensic science, other medical sciences.

Agricultural Sciences

Agriculture, forestry and fisheries sciences, animal and dairy sciences, veterinary sciences, agricultural biotechnology, other agricultural sciences.

  1. Agriculture, forestry and fisheries sciences

    Agriculture, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, soil science, horticulture, viticulture, agronomy, plant breeding and plant protection.
  2. Animal and dairy sciences

    Animal and dairy science, animal husbandry.
  3. Veterinary sciences

    Veterinary science (all).
  4. Agricultural biotechnology

    Agricultural biotechnology and food biotechnology, genetically modified (GM) organism technology and livestock cloning, diagnostics (DNA chips and biosensing devices), biomass feedstock production technologies and biopharming.
  5. Other agricultural sciences

Social sciences and humanities

Psychology, educational sciences, economics and business, other social sciences, humanities.

  1. Psychology

    Cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics, experimental psychology, psychometrics and quantitative psychology, and other fields of psychology.
  2. Educational sciences

    Education, training and other related educational sciences.
  3. Economics and business

    Micro-economics, macro-economics, econometrics, labour economics, financial economics, business economics, entrepreneurial and business administration, management and operations, management sciences, finance and all other related fields of economics and business.
  4. Other social sciences

    Anthropology (social and cultural) and ethnology, demography, geography (human, economic and social), planning (town, city and country), management, organisation and methods (excluding market research unless new methods/techniques are developed), law, linguistics, political sciences, sociology, miscellaneous social sciences and interdisciplinary, and methodological and historical science and technology activities relating to subjects in this group.
  5. Humanities

    History (history, prehistory and history, together with auxiliary historical disciplines such as archaeology, numismatics, palaeography, genealogy, etc.), languages and literature (ancient and modern), other humanities (philosophy (including the history of science and technology)), arts (history of art, art criticism, painting, sculpture, musicology, dramatic art excluding artistic "research" of any kind), religion, theology, other fields and subjects pertaining to the humanities, and methodological, historical and other science and technology activities relating to the subjects in this group.

Nature of R&D for in-house expenditures within Canada in 2015 (Q11)

R&D is performed in the natural sciences, engineering, social sciences and humanities. There are three types of R&D activities: basic research, applied research and experimental development.

  1. Basic research

    Experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view.
  2. Applied research

    Is original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific, practical aim or objective.
  3. Experimental development

    Is systematic work, drawing on knowledge gained from research and practical experience and producing additional knowledge, which is directed to producing new products or processes or to improving existing products or processes.

In-house R&D personnel in 2015 (Q13 to Q15)

Include:

  • permanent, temporary and casual R&D employees
  • independent on-site R&D consultants and contractors working in your organization's offices, laboratories, or other facilities
  • employees engaged in R&D-related support activities

Researchers and research managers

  1. Scientists, social scientists, engineers and researchers
    Include:     software developers and programmers

    Are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge. They conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models, techniques instrumentation, software or operational methods. They may be certified by provincial educational authorities, provincial or national scientific or engineering associations.
  2. Senior research managers

    Plan or manage R&D projects and programs. They may be certified by provincial educational authorities, provincial or national scientific or engineering associations.

R&D technical, administrative and support staff

  1. Technicians, technologists and research assistants
    Include:     software technicians

    Are persons whose main tasks require technical knowledge and experience in one or more fields of engineering, the physical and life sciences, or the social sciences, humanities and the arts. They participate in R&D by performing scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts, operational methods and the use of research equipment, normally under the supervision of researchers. They may be certified by provincial educational authorities, provincial or national scientific or engineering associations.
  2. Other R&D technical, administrative and support staff

    Include skilled and unskilled craftsmen, and administrative, secretarial and clerical staff participating in R&D projects or directly associated with such projects.

Other R&D occupations

  1. On-site R&D consultants and contractors

    Are individuals hired 1) to perform project-based work or to provide goods at a fixed or ascertained price or within a certain time or 2) to provide advice or services in a specialized field for a fee and, in both cases, work at the location specified and controlled by the contracting organization.

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

R&D may be carried out by persons who work solely on R&D projects or by persons who devote only part of their time to R&D, and the balance to other activities such as testing, quality control and production engineering. To arrive at the total effort devoted to R&D in terms of personnel, it is necessary to estimate the full-time equivalent of these persons working only part-time in R&D.

FTE (full-time equivalent) = Number of persons who work solely on R&D projects + the time of persons working only part of their time on R&D.

Example calculation: If out of four scientists engaged in R&D work, one works solely on R&D projects and the remaining three devote only one quarter of their working time to R&D, then: FTE = 1 + 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 = 1.75 scientists.

Technology or technical assistant payments in 2015 (Q16 and Q17)

Definitions (equivalent to the Canadian Intellectual Property Office https://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/cipointernet-internetopic.nsf/eng/h_wr03652.html)

  1. Patents

    Government grant giving the right to exclude others from making, using or selling an invention.
  2. Copyright

    Provides protection for literary, artistic, dramatic or musical works (including computer programs), and three other subject matter known as: performance, sound recording, and communication signal.
  3. Trademark

    Word, symbol or design (or any combination of these features) used to distinguish the wares and services of one person or organization from those of others in the marketplace.
  4. Industrial design

    Visual features of shape, configuration, pattern or ornament (or any combination of these features), applied to a finished article of manufacture.
  5. Integrated circuit topography

    Three-dimensional arrangement of the electronic circuits in integrated circuit products or layout designs.
  6. Original software

    Consist of computer programs and descriptive materials for both systems and applications. Original software can be created in-house or outsourced and includes packaged software with customization.
  7. Packaged or off-the-shelf software

    Purchased for use by your organization and excludes customized software.
  8. Databases

    Consist of files of data organized to permit effective access and use of the data.
  9. Other

    Technical assistance, industrial processes and know-how.

Energy-related R&D by area of technology (Q18)

1. Fossil Fuels

Crude oils and natural gas exploration, crude oils and natural gas production, oil sands and heavy crude oils surface and sub-surface production and separation of the bitumen, tailings management, refining, processing and upgrading, coal production, separation and processing, transportation of fossil fuels.

  1. Crude oils and natural gas exploration

    Development of advanced exploration methods (geophysical, geochemical, seismic, magnetic) for on-shore and off-shore prospecting.
  2. Crude oil and natural gas production (including enhanced recovery) and storage

    On-shore and off-shore deep drilling equipment and techniques for conventional oil and gas, secondary and tertiary recovery of oil and gas, hydro fracturing techniques, processing and cleaning of raw product, storage on remote platforms (e.g., Arctic, off-shore), safety aspects of offshore platforms.
  3. Oil sands and heavy crude oils surface and sub-surface production and separation of the bitumen, tailings management

    Surface and in-situ production (e.g., SAGD); tailings management.
  4. Refining, processing and upgrading

    Processing of natural gas to pipeline specifications, and refining of conventional crude oils to refined petroleum products (RPPs), and the upgrading of bitumen and heavy oils either to synthetic crude oil or to RPPs. Upgrading may be done at an oil sands plant, regional merchant upgraders or integrated into a refinery producing RPPs.
  5. Coal production, separation and processing

    Coal, lignite and peat exploration, deposit evaluation techniques, mining techniques, separation techniques, coking and blending, other processing such as coal to liquids, underground (in-situ) gasification.
  6. Transportation of fossil fuels

    Transport of gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons via pipelines (land and submarine) and their network evaluation; safety aspects of LNG transport and storage.

2. Renewable energy resources

Solar photovoltaics (PV), solar thermal-power and high-temperature applications, solar heating and cooling, wind energy, bio-energy – biomass production, bio-energy – biomass conversion to fuels, bio-energy – biomass conversion to heat and electricity, and other bio-energy, small hydro (less than 10 MW), large hydro (greater than or equal to 10 MW), other renewable energy.

  1. Solar photovoltaics (PV)

    Solar cell development, PV-module development, PV-inverter development, building-integrated PV-modules, PV-system development, other.
  2. Solar thermal-power and high-temperature applications

    Solar chemistry, concentrating collector development, solar thermal power plants, high-temperature applications for heat and power.
  3. Solar heating and cooling

    Daylighting, passive and active solar heating and cooling, collector development, hot water preparation, combined-space heating, solar architecture, solar drying, solar-assisted ventilation, swimming pool heating, low-temperature process heating, other.
  4. Wind energy

    Technology development, such as blades, turbines, converters structures, system integration, other.
  5. Bio-energy – Biomass production/supply and transport

    Improvement of energy crops, research on bio-energy production potential and associated land-use effects, supply and transport of bio-solids, bio-liquids, biogas and bio-derived energy products (e.g., ethanol, biodiesel), compacting and baling, other.
  6. Bio-energy – Biomass conversion to fuels

    Conventional bio-fuels, cellulosic-derived alcohols, biomass gas-to-liquids, other energy-related products and by-products.
  7. Bio-energy – Biomass conversion to heat and electricity

    Bio-based heat, electricity and combined heat and power (CHP), exclude multi-firing with fossil fuels.
  8. Other bio-energy

    Recycling and the use of municipal, industrial and agricultural waste as energy not covered elsewhere.
  9. Small-Hydro – (less than 10 MW)

    Plants with capacity below 10 MW.
  10. Large-Hydro – (greater than or equal to 10 MW)

    Plants with capacity of 10 MW and above.
  11. Other renewable energy

    Hot dry rock, hydro-thermal, geothermal heat applications (including agriculture), tidal power, wave energy, ocean current power, ocean thermal power, other.

3. Nuclear fission and fusion

Materials exploration, mining and preparation, tailings management, nuclear reactors, other fission, fusion.

  1. Nuclear materials exploration, mining and preparation, tailings management

    Development of advanced exploration methods (geophysical, geochemical) for prospecting, ore surface and in-situ production, uranium and thorium extraction and conversion, enrichment, handling of tailings and remediation.
  2. Nuclear reactors

    Nuclear reactors of all types and related system components.
  3. Other fission

    Nuclear safety, environmental protection (emission reduction or avoidance), radiation protection and decommissioning of power plants and related nuclear fuel cycle installations, nuclear waste treatment, disposal and storage, fissile material recycling, fissile materials control, transport of radioactive materials.
  4. Fusion

    All types (e.g., magnetic confinement, laser applications).

4. Electric Power

Generation in utility sector, combined heat and power in industry and in buildings, electricity transmission, distribution and storage of electricity.

  1. Electric power generation in utility sector

    Conventional and non-conventional technology (e.g., pulverised coal, fluidised bed, gasification-combined cycle, supercritical), re-powering, retrofitting, life extensions and upgrading of power plants, generators and components, super-conductivity, magneto hydrodynamic, dry cooling towers, co-firing (e.g., with biomass), air and thermal pollution reduction or avoidance, flue gas cleanup (excluding CO2 removal), CHP (combined heat and power) not covered elsewhere.
  2. Electric power - combined heat and power in industry, buildings

    Industrial applications, small scale applications for buildings.
  3. Electricity transmission, distribution and storage

    Solid state power electronics, load management and control systems, network problems, super-conducting cables, AC and DC high voltage cables, HVDC transmission, other transmission and distribution related to integrating distributed and intermittent generating sources into networks, all storage (e.g., batteries, hydro reservoirs, fly wheels), other.

5. Hydrogen and fuel cells

Hydrogen production for process applications, hydrogen production for transportation applications, hydrogen transport and storage, other hydrogen, fuel cells, both stationary and mobile.

  1. Hydrogen production for process applications
  2. Hydrogen production for transportation applications
  3. Hydrogen transport and storage
  4. Other hydrogen

    End uses (e.g., combustion), other infrastructure and systems R&D (refuelling stations).
  5. Stationary fuel cells

    Electricity generation, other stationary end-use.
  6. Mobile fuel cells

    Portable applications.

6. Energy efficiency

Industry, residential and commercial, transportation, other energy efficiency.

  1. Energy efficiency applications for industry

    Reduction of energy consumption through improved use of energy and/or reduction or avoidance of air and other emissions related to the use of energy in industrial systems and processes (excluding bio-energy-related) through the development of new techniques, new processes and new equipment, other.
  2. Energy efficiency for residential, institutional and commercial sectors

    Space heating and cooling, ventilation and lighting control systems other than solar technologies, low energy housing design and performance other than solar technologies, new insulation and building materials, thermal performance of buildings, domestic appliances, other.
  3. Energy efficiency for transportation

    Analysis and optimisation of energy consumption in the transport sector, efficiency improvements in light-duty vehicles, heavy-duty vehicles, non-road vehicles, public transport systems, engine-fuel optimisation, use of alternative fuels (liquid and gaseous, other than hydrogen), fuel additives, diesel engines, Stirling motors, electric cars, hybrid cars, includes air emission reduction, other.
  4. Other energy efficiency

    Waste heat utilisation (heat maps, process integration, total energy systems, low temperature thermodynamic cycles), district heating, heat pump development, reduction of energy consumption in the agricultural sector.

7. Other energy-related technologies

Carbon capture, transportation and storage for fossil fuel production and processing, electric power generation, industry in end-use sector, energy systems analysis, all other energy-related technologies.

  1. Carbon capture, transportation and storage related to fossil fuel production and processing
  2. Carbon capture, transportation and storage related to electric power production
  3. Carbon capture, transportation and storage related to industry in end use sector

    Include: Industry in the end use sector, such as steel production, manufacturing, etc.
    Exclude Fossil fuel production and processing and electric power production
  4. Energy system analysis

    System analysis related to energy R&D not covered elsewhere, sociological, economical and environmental impact of energy which are not specifically related to one technology area listed in the sections above.
  5. All other energy-related technologies

    Energy technology information dissemination, studies not related to a specific technology area listed above.

Figure 1
Public Sector Universe

Organizational chart of the public sector universe

Description for Figure 1

The hierarchy of the public sector along with its subcomponents.

Public sector:

  • General governments
    • Federal general government
      • Government
        • Ministries and departments, non-autonomous funds and organizations
        • Autonomous funds and organizations
      • Federal non-autonomous pension plans
    • Social Security FundsFootnote 1
      • Canada Pension Plan
      • Quebec Pension Plan
    • Provincial and territorial general government
      • Government
        • Ministries and departments, non-autonomous funds and organizations
        • Autonomous funds and organizations
      • Provincial non-autonomous pension plans
      • Universities and colleges
      • Health and social service institutions
    • Local general government
      • Government
        • Municipalities and quasi-municipalities, non-autonomous funds and organizations
        • Autonomous funds and organizations
      • School boardsFootnote 2,Footnote 3
    • Aboriginal general government
      • Government
        • Aboriginal governments
  • Government business enterprises
    • Federal government business enterprises
    • Provincial and territorial government business enterprises
    • Local government business enterprises

Footnotes

Report a problem or mistake on this page
Date modified:

Centre for Education Statistics

Table of contents

I. Introduction
II. Instructions
III. Definitions
IV. Suggestions for improvements
Appendix A : Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP)

I. Introduction

Description

The Tuition and Living Accommodation Costs (TLAC) survey collects data for full-time students at Canadian degree-granting institutions that are publicly funded. The survey was developed to provide an overview of tuition and additional compulsory fees, and living accommodation costs that students can expect to pay for an academic year.

TLAC survey data:

  • provides stakeholders, the public and students with annual tuition costs and changes in tuition fees from the previous year
  • contributes to a better understanding of the student financial position for that level of costs to obtain a degree;
  • contributes to education policy development
  • contributes to the Consumer Price Index;
  • facilitates interprovincial comparisons;
  • facilitates comparisons between institutions.

Reference period

2016-2017 academic year.

Population

The target population is all publicly funded degree-granting institutions (universities and colleges) in Canada.

The survey target population includes institutions that have degree-granting status for the academic year 2016-2017. Institutions that do not have degree-granting status are excluded even if they provide portions of programs that lead to a degree granted by another institution. The survey is limited to institutions whose operations are primarily funded by provincial governments. Institutions that do not receive grants from Education ministries or departments and institutions that receive grants only from Health ministries and departments are excluded.

Field of study

The field of study classification for both undergraduate and graduate programs are adapted from the 2011 Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP), Statistics Canada's standard for field of study classification. The CIP's structure comprises several groupings developed jointly by Statistics Canada and the National Center for Education Statistics in the USA. It is based on work undertaken as part of the creation of the North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) by Canada, the United States and Mexico.

TLAC CIP groupings for Undergraduate programs:

  • Education
  • Visual and Performing Arts, and Communications Technologies
  • Humanities
  • Social and Behavioral Sciences
  • Law
  • Business, Management and Public Administration
  • Physical and Life Sciences and Technologies
  • Mathematics, Computer and Information Sciences
  • Engineering
  • Architecture and Related Technologies
  • Agriculture, Natural Resources and Conservation
  • Dentistry
  • Medicine
  • Nursing
  • Pharmacy
  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Health (other than Medicine), Parks, Recreation and Fitness
  • Personal, Protective and Transportation Services
  • Other

TLAC CIP groupings for Graduate programs:

Includes all of the undergraduate program groupings with the exception of Medicine and the addition of:

  • Executive MBA
  • Regular MBA

Refer to Appendix A: TLAC CIP

Note: Dental, Medical and Veterinary Residency Programs offered in teaching hospitals and similar locations that may lead to advanced professional certification are excluded.

Submission Date

The completed questionnaire must be returned by June 10, 2016 by uploading the file back in the Secure Internet Site (E-File transfer Service). For the 'Authorization to release data' waiver, (page 7 of the document) please sign and scan the document and return it by email or via your EFT account.

If you require further information please contact: statcan.education-education.statcan@statcan.gc.ca

II. Instructions

General

Whenever possible, final fees and living accommodation costs should be reported. If they have not yet been determined, report an estimate and check the box on the questionnaire to state that these are estimated fees for 2016-2017.

Tables produced and disseminated by Statistics Canada reflect an academic year (8 months) for full-time students with a full course load in degree programs.

Part A: Tuition fees for full-time students

How to Report Tuition Fees:

  1. When reporting "Tuition fees for full-time students" in part A, report the cost of tuition for degrees granted by your institution meaning that students start and complete their degree at your institution. DO NOT include certificates, associate degrees and diplomas. Additional fees for materials or equipment are reported on pages 4 (undergraduate) and 5 (graduate).
  2. NEW degree programs must be specified in the Comments section at the bottom of page 2 (undergraduate) and page 3 (graduate).
  3. The "Canadian Students" category in Part A includes Canadian citizens, permanent residents and all other non-international students paying the regular fees.
  4. Quebec and Nova-Scotia Lower fees represent Canadian students that have a permanent address in the province (in-province students) and the Upper fees represent Canadian students with an out-of-province permanent address.
  5. Report fees with decimals, NO commas. Example $2415.45
  6. Academic year (8 months): Where tuition is reported based on the academic year (8 months), report the full cost of the program regardless of the number of credits.
  7. Semester: If reporting by semester, report the full cost of the semester regardless of the number of credits. Semester fees will be multiplied by two to calculate tuition for the academic year (8 months).
  8. Per Credit: If reporting per credit, tuition will be multiplied by 30 credits. We assume 30 credits for an academic year to calculate academic year fees.
  9. The TLAC CIP groupings (fields of study) for which we collect are straight forward with a few exceptions.
  • The following degree programs should be reported as follows:
    • 45.0702 - Geomatics BA/BSc, Geographic Information Systems/Science (GIS) must be reported under Social and Behavioural Sciences
    • 31.0505 Kinesiology must be reported under Other Health, Parks,Recreation and Fitness program
    • 31.0501 Health and Physical Education must be reported under Other Health, Parks, Recreation and Fitness program
    • 03.0103 Environmental Studies must be reported under Agriculture, Natural Resources and Conservation program.
    • 03.0104 Environmental Sciences must be reported under Agriculture, Natural Resources and Conservation program.
  1. Medicine (MD) program should be reported under undergraduate Medicine (page 2 of the questionnaire).
  2. Programs such as those listed below should be reported under 'Physical and Life Sciences and Technologies' or 'Other Health, Parks, Recreation and Fitness'.
  • For example:
  • Health Ethics (MHE) report under Physical and Life Sciences and Technologies (code 51.32)
  • Genetics (MSc (Med), PhD, MD-PhD) report under Physical and Life Sciences and Technologies (code 26.08)
  • Immunology and Infectious Diseases (MSc (Med), PhD, MD-PhD)report under Physical and Life Sciences and Technologies (code 26.05)
  • Neurosciences (MSc (Med), PhD, MD-PhD) report under Physical and Life Sciences and Technologies (code 30.24)
  • Public Health (MPH) report under Other Health, Parks, Recreation and Fitness (code 51.22)

See TLAC CIP groupings in Appendix A.

  1. Verify and correct the 2015-2016 previous year data on each page if required.

Part B: Additional Compulsory fees for full-time Canadian Students

1) In part B of the questionnaire report additional compulsory fees for full-time Canadian students in the first row of the table where these fees do not vary according to their field of study for all full-time undergraduate students (page 4) and graduate students (page 5)

Important note: "Partial" compulsory fees such as Health Plan and Dental Plan fees that can be opted out of by a student if proof of comparable coverage is presented should not be included in the compulsory fees, this must be indicated in the comments section.

2) We have eliminated the section 'additional compulsory fee by program' on page 4 (undergraduate) and page 5 (graduate). We removed this section because the data were not always consistent or complete.

Part C: Living accommodation costs for residences/housing

If it is not possible to separate the room and the meal plan costs for single students only a total should be reported.

III. Definitions

Tuition Fees

Tuition that is charged to a full-time student (with a full course load of 30 credits per year).

Additional Compulsory fees

Additional compulsory fees collected by the TLAC survey are those that all students must pay regardless of the field of study (TLAC CIP grouping).

They include general fees (admission, registration, examination,, internship, etc.), technology fees, student services fees, student association fees, contributions to student activities, copyright fees, premiums for compulsory insurance plans, fees for athletics and recreational activities, and various other fees (transcript, degree, laboratory, uniform, etc.)

These fees are those that all students within each applicable program grouping must pay. One example of a compulsory fee that does not apply to every student is Laboratory Fees that are charged for classes with labs which is the cost of laboratory materials and supplies used by a student. This fee should be reported under 'Other'.

Excluded are 'partial' compulsory fees such as Health Plan and Dental Plan fees that can be opted out by a student if proof of comparable coverage is presented.

Athletics fees

Mandatory fees to support intercollegiate athletics covering athletics facilities, and campus recreation (intramurals, fitness and recreation courses, etc.)

Health Services fees

Mandatory fees to support the on-campus clinic facilities which provide the services of doctors and nurses.

Reminder: "Partial" compulsory fees such as Health Plan and Dental Plan fees that can be opted out by a student if proof of comparable coverage is presented should not be included in the compulsory fees but only indicated in the comments section.

Student Association fees

Mandatory fees supporting the general operating expenses of the association.

Other fees (Part B)

If compulsory fees are reported in "Other please specify" you must provide further details on the types of fees reported. Also, please indicate if the compulsory fee is determined by the institution's administration (e.g., a department of the institution such as the finance department or others) or by other groups independent of the institution (e.g., a group that is not influenced or directed by the university administration).

IV. Suggestions

Suggestions for improvements to the survey are welcome.

statcan.education-education.statcan@statcan.gc.ca

Appendix A : TLAC Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP)

01- Education

13. Education
13.01 Education, General
13.02 Bilingual, Multilingual and Multicultural Education
13.03 Curriculum and Instruction
13.04 Educational Administration and Supervision
13.05 Educational/Instructional Media Design
13.06 Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Research
13.07 International and Comparative Education
13.09 Social and Philosophical Foundations of Education
13.10 Special Education and Teaching
13.11 Student Counselling and Personnel Services
13.12 Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Levels and Methods
13.13 Teacher Education and Professional Development, Specific Subject Areas
13.14 Teaching English or French as a Second or Foreign Language
13.15 Teaching Assistants/Aides
13.99 Education, Other

02- Visual and Performing Arts, and Communications Technologies

50. Visual and Performing Arts
50.01 Visual and Performing Arts, General
50.02 Crafts/Craft Design, Folk Art and Artisanry
50.03 Dance
50.04 Design and Applied Arts
50.05 Drama/Theatre Arts and Stagecraft
50.06 Film/Video and Photographic Arts
50.07 Fine Arts and Art Studies
50.09 Music
50.99 Visual and Performing Arts, Other
10. Communications Technologies/Technicians and Support Services
10.01 Communications Technology/Technician
10.02 Audiovisual Communications Technologies/Technicians
10.03 Graphic Communications
10.99 Communications Technologies/Technicians and Support Services, Other

03- Humanities

16. Aboriginal and Foreign Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.01 Linguistic, Comparative and Related Language Studies and Services
16.02 African Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.03 East Asian Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.04 Slavic, Baltic and Albanian Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.05 Germanic Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.06 Modern Greek Language and Literature
16.07 South Asian Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.08 Iranian/Persian Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.09 Romance Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.10 Aboriginal Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.11 Middle/Near Eastern and Semitic Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.12 Classics and Classical Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.13 Celtic Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.14 Southeast Asian and Australasian/Pacific Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.15 Turkic, Ural-Altaic, Caucasian and Central Asian Languages, Literatures and Linguistics
16.16 Sign Language
16.17 Second Language Learning
16.99 Aboriginal and Foreign Languages, Literatures and Linguistics, Other
23. English Language and Literature/Letters
23.01 English Language and Literature, General
23.04 English Composition
23.05 English Creative Writing
23.07 Canadian and American Literature
23.08 English Literature (British and Commonwealth)
23.10 English Speech and Rhetorical Studies
23.11 English Technical and Business Writing
23.99 English Language and Literature/Letters, Other
24. Liberal Arts and Sciences, General Studies and Humanities
24.01 Liberal Arts and Sciences, General Studies and Humanities
30. Multidisciplinary/Interdisciplinary Studies
30.13 Medieval and Renaissance Studies
30.21 Holocaust and Related Studies
30.22 Classical and Ancient Studies
38. Philosophy and Religious Studies
38.01 Philosophy, Logic and Ethics
38.02 Religion/Religious Studies
38.99 Philosophy and Religious Studies, Other
39. Theology and Religious Vocations
39.02 Bible/Biblical Studies
39.03 Missions/Missionary Studies and Missiology
39.04 Religious Education
39.05 Religious/Sacred Music
39.06 Theological and Ministerial Studies
39.07 Pastoral Counselling and Specialized Ministries
39.99 Theology and Religious Vocations, Other
54. History
54.01 History
55. French Language and Literature/Letters
55.01 French Language and Literature, General
55.03 French Composition
55.04 French Creative Writing
55.05 French Canadian Literature
55.06 French Literature (France and the French Community)
55.07 French Speech and Rhetorical Studies
55.08 French Technical and Business Writing
55.99 French Language and Literature/Letters, Other

04- Social and Behavioural Sciences

05. Area, Ethnic, Cultural and Gender Studies
05.01 Area Studies
05.02 Ethnic, Cultural Minority and Gender Studies
05.99 Area, Ethnic, Cultural and Gender Studies, Other
09. Communication, Journalism and Related Programs
09.01 Communication and Media Studies
09.04 Journalism
09.07 Radio, Television and Digital Communication
09.09 Public Relations, Advertising and Applied Communication
09.10 Publishing
09.99 Communication, Journalism and Related Programs, Other
19. Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences
19.00 Work and Family Studies
19.01 Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences, General
19.02 Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences Business Services
19.04 Family and Consumer Economics and Related Services
19.05 Foods, Nutrition and Related Services
19.06 Housing and Human Environments
19.07 Human Development, Family Studies and Related Services
19.09 Apparel and Textiles
19.99 Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences, Other
30. Multidisciplinary/Interdisciplinary Studies
30.05 Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution
30.10 Biopsychology
30.11 Gerontology
30.14 Museology/Museum Studies
30.15 Science, Technology and Society
30.17 Behavioural Sciences
30.20 International/Global Studies
30.23 Intercultural/Multicultural and Diversity Studies
30.25 Cognitive Science
42. Psychology
42.01 Psychology, General
42.02 Clinical Psychology
42.03 Cognitive Psychology and Psycholinguistics
42.04 Community Psychology
42.05 Comparative Psychology
42.06 Counselling Psychology
42.07 Developmental and Child Psychology
42.08 Experimental Psychology
42.09 Industrial and Organizational Psychology
42.10 Personality Psychology
42.11 Physiological Psychology/Psychobiology
42.16 Social Psychology
42.17 School Psychology
42.18 Educational Psychology
42.19 Psychometrics and Quantitative Psychology
42.20 Clinical Child Psychology
42.21 Environmental Psychology
42.22 Geropsychology
42.23 Health/Medical Psychology
42.24 Psychopharmacology
42.25 Family Psychology
42.26 Forensic Psychology
42.99 Psychology, Other
45. Social Sciences
45.01 Social Sciences, General
45.02 Anthropology
45.03 Archeology
45.04 Criminology
45.05 Demography and Population Studies
45.06 Economics
45.07 Geography and Cartography
45.09 International Relations and Affairs
45.10 Political Science and Government
45.11 Sociology
45.12 Urban Studies/Affairs
45.99 Social Sciences, Other

05- Law

22. Legal Professions and Studies
22.00 Non-professional General Legal Studies (Undergraduate)
22.01 Law (LLB, JD, BCL)
22.02 Legal Research and Advanced Professional Studies (Post-LLB/JD)
22.03 Legal Support Services
22.99 Legal Professions and Studies, Other

06- Business, Management and Public Administration

30. Multidisciplinary/Interdisciplinary Studies
30.16 Accounting and Computer Science
44. Public Administration and Social Service Professions
44.00 Human Services, General
44.02 Community Organization and Advocacy
44.04 Public Administration
44.05 Public Policy Analysis
44.07 Social Work
44.99 Public Administration and Social Service Professions, Other
52. Business, Management, Marketing and Related Support Services (excluding the MBA programs).
52.01 Business/Commerce, General
52.02 Business Administration, Management and Operations
52.03 Accounting and Related Services
52.04 Business Operations Support and Assistant Services
52.05 Business/Corporate Communications
52.06 Business/Managerial Economics
52.07 Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations
52.08 Finance and Financial Management Services
52.09 Hospitality Administration/Management
52.10 Human Resources Management and Services
52.11 International Business/Trade/Commerce
52.12 Management Information Systems and Services
52.13 Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods
52.14 Marketing
52.15 Real Estate
52.16 Taxation
52.17 Insurance
52.18 General Sales, Merchandising and Related Marketing Operations
52.19 Specialized Sales, Merchandising and Marketing Operations
52.20 Construction Management
52.99 Business, Management, Marketing and Related Support Services, Other

07- Physical and Life Sciences and Technologies

26. Biological and Biomedical Sciences
26.01 Biology, General
26.02 Biochemistry/Biophysics and Molecular Biology
26.03 Botany/Plant Biology
26.04 Cell/Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences
26.05 Microbiological Sciences and Immunology
26.07 Zoology/Animal Biology
26.08 Genetics
26.09 Physiology, Pathology and Related Sciences
26.10 Pharmacology and Toxicology
26.11 Biomathematics and Bioinformatics
26.12 Biotechnology
26.13 Ecology, Evolution, Systematics and Population Biology
26.99 Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Other
30. Multidisciplinary/Interdisciplinary Studies
30.01 Biological and Physical Sciences
30.18 Natural Sciences
30.19 Nutrition Sciences
30.24 Neuroscience
40. Physical Sciences
40.01 Physical Sciences, General
40.02 Astronomy and Astrophysics
40.04 Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
40.05 Chemistry
40.06 Geological and Earth Sciences/Geosciences
40.08 Physics
40.99 Physical Sciences, Other

08- Mathematics, Computer and Information Sciences

11. Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services
11.01 Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services, General
11.02 Computer Programming
11.03 Data Processing and Data Processing Technology/Technician
11.04 Information Science/Studies
11.05 Computer Systems Analysis/Analyst
11.06 Data Entry/Microcomputer Applications
11.07 Computer Science
11.08 Computer Software and Media Applications
11.09 Computer Systems Networking and Telecommunications
11.10 Computer/Information Technology Administration and Management
11.99 Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services, Other
25. Library Science
25.01 Library Science/Librarianship
25.99 Library Science, Other
27. Mathematics and Statistics
27.01 Mathematics
27.03 Applied Mathematics
27.05 Statistics
27.99 Mathematics and Statistics, Other
30. Multidisciplinary/Interdisciplinary Studies
30.06 Systems Science and Theory
30.08 Mathematics and Computer Science

09- Engineering

14. Engineering
14.01 Engineering, General
14.02 Aerospace, Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering
14.03 Agricultural/Biological Engineering and Bioengineering
14.04 Architectural Engineering
14.05 Biomedical/Medical Engineering
14.06 Ceramic Sciences and Engineering
14.07 Chemical Engineering
14.08 Civil Engineering
14.09 Computer Engineering
14.10 Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering
14.11 Engineering Mechanics
14.12 Engineering Physics
14.13 Engineering Science
14.14 Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering
14.18 Materials Engineering
14.19 Mechanical Engineering
14.20 Metallurgical Engineering
14.21 Mining and Mineral Engineering
14.22 Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
14.23 Nuclear Engineering
14.24 Ocean Engineering
14.25 Petroleum Engineering
14.27 Systems Engineering
14.28 Textile Sciences and Engineering
14.31 Materials Science
14.32 Polymer/Plastics Engineering
14.33 Construction Engineering
14.34 Forest Engineering
14.35 Industrial Engineering
14.36 Manufacturing Engineering
14.37 Operations Research
14.38 Surveying Engineering
14.39 Geological/Geophysical Engineering
14.99 Engineering, Other
15. Engineering Technologies/Technicians
15.00 Engineering Technology, General
15.01 Architectural Engineering Technology/Technician
15.02 Civil Engineering Technology/Technician
15.03 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologies/Technicians
15.04 Electromechanical and Instrumentation and Maintenance Technologies/Technicians
15.05 Environmental Control Technologies/Technicians
15.06 Industrial Production Technologies/Technicians
15.07 Quality Control and Safety Technologies/Technicians
15.08 Mechanical Engineering Related Technologies/Technicians
15.09 Mining and Petroleum Technologies/Technicians
15.10 Construction Engineering Technology/Technician
15.11 Engineering-related Technologies
15.12 Computer Engineering Technologies/Technicians
15.13 Drafting/Design Engineering Technologies/Technicians
15.14 Nuclear Engineering Technology/Technician
15.15 Engineering/Industrial Management
15.99 Engineering Technologies/Technicians, Other

10- Architecture and Related Technologies

04. Architecture and Related Services
04.02 Architecture (BArch, BA/BSc, MArch, MA/MSc, PhD)
04.03 City/Urban, Community and Regional Planning
04.04 Environmental Design/Architecture
04.05 Interior Architecture
04.06 Landscape Architecture (BSc, BSLA, BLA, MSLA, MLA, PhD)
04.08 Architectural History and Criticism
04.09 Architectural Technology/Technician
04.99 Architecture and Related Services, Other
30. Multidisciplinary/Interdisciplinary Studies
30.12 Historic Preservation and Conservation

11- Agriculture, Natural Resources and Conservation

01. Agriculture, Agriculture Operations and Related Sciences
01.00 Agriculture, General
01.01 Agricultural Business and Management
01.02 Agricultural Mechanization
01.03 Agricultural Production Operations
01.04 Agricultural and Food Products Processing
01.05 Agricultural and Domestic Animal Services
01.06 Applied Horticulture/Horticultural Business Services
01.07 International Agriculture
01.08 Agricultural Public Services
01.09 Animal Sciences
01.10 Food Science and Technology
01.11 Plant Sciences
01.12 Soil Sciences
01.99 Agriculture, Agriculture Operations and Related Sciences, Other

03. Natural Resources and Conservation
03.01 Natural Resources Conservation and Research
03.0103 Environmental Studies
03.0104 Environmental Science
03.02 Natural Resources Management and Policy
03.03 Fishing and Fisheries Sciences and Management
03.05 Forestry
03.06 Wildlife and Wildlands Science and Management
03.99 Natural Resources and Conservation, Other

12- Medicine

51. Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences
51.12 Medicine (MD)

13- Other health, Parks, Recreation and Fitness

31. Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies
31.01 Parks, Recreation and Leisure Studies
31.03 Parks, Recreation and Leisure Facilities Management
31.05 Health and Physical Education/Fitness
31.0501 Health and Physical Education, General
31.0505 Kinesiology and Exercise Science
31.99 Parks, Recreation, Leisure and Fitness Studies, Other

51. Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences
51.00 Health Services/Allied Health/Health Sciences, General
51.01 Chiropractic (DC)
51.02 Communication Disorders Sciences and Services
51.06 Dental Support Services and Allied Professions
51.0601 Dental assisting
51.0602 Dental hygiene
51.07 Health and Medical Administrative Services
51.0710 Medical clerk
51.08 Allied Health and Medical Assisting Services
51.0801 Medical assistant
51.0805 Pharmacy assistant
51.0808 Veterinary assistant
51.09 Allied Health Diagnostic, Intervention and Treatment Professions
51.10 Clinical/Medical Laboratory Science and Allied Professions
51.11 Health/Medical Preparatory Programs
51.14 Medical Scientist (MSc, PhD)
51.15 Mental and Social Health Services and Allied Professions
51.1602 Nursing-administration (MScn, MSc, PhD)
51.1614 Nursing assistant, nursing aide
51.17 Optometry (OD)
51.18 Ophthalmic and Optometric Support Services and Allied Professions
51.19 Osteopathic Medicine/Osteopathy (DO)
51.21 Podiatric Medicine/Podiatry (DPM)
51.22 Public Health
51.23 Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Professions
51.26 Health Aides/Attendants/Orderlies
51.27 Medical Illustration and Informatics
51.31 Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Services
51.32 Bioethics/Medical Ethics
51.33 Alternative and Complementary Medicine and Medical Systems
51.34 Alternative and Complementary Medical Support Services
51.35 Somatic Bodywork and Related Therapeutic Services
51.36 Movement and Mind-Body Therapies
51.37 Energy-based and Biologically-based Therapies
51.99 Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences, Other

14- Personal, Protective and Transportation Services

12. Personal and Culinary Services
12.03 Funeral Service and Mortuary Science
12.04 Cosmetology and Related Personal Grooming Services
12.05 Culinary Arts and Related Services
12.99 Personal and Culinary Services, Other
28. Reserve Entry Scheme for Officers in the Armed Forces
28.05 Reserve Entry Scheme for Officers in the Armed Forces
29. Military Technologies
29.01 Military Technologies
43. Security and Protective Services
43.01 Criminal Justice and Corrections
43.02 Fire Protection
43.99 Security and Protective Services, Other
49. Transportation and Materials Moving
49.01 Air Transportation
49.02 Ground Transportation
49.03 Marine Transportation
49.99 Transportation and Materials Moving, Other

15- Other

21. Technology Education/Industrial Arts Programs
21.01 Technology Education/Industrial Arts Programs
30. Multidisciplinary/Interdisciplinary Studies
30.99 Multidisciplinary/Interdisciplinary Studies, Other
32. Basic Skills
32.01 Basic Skills
33. Citizenship Activities
33.01 Citizenship Activities
34. Health-related Knowledge and Skills
34.01 Health-related Knowledge and Skills
35. Interpersonal and Social Skills
35.01 Interpersonal and Social Skills
36. Leisure and Recreational Activities
36.01 Leisure and Recreational Activities
37. Personal Awareness and Self-improvement
37.01 Personal Awareness and Self-improvement
53. High School/Secondary Diploma and Certificate Programs
53.01 High School/Secondary Diploma Programs
53.02 High School/Secondary Certificate Programs

16- Dentistry

51. Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences
51.04 Dentistry
51.05 Advanced/Graduate Dentistry and Oral Sciences (Cert., MSc, PhD)

17- Nursing

51. Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences
51.1601 Nursing/Registered Nurse (RN, ASN, BScN, MScN)
51.1607 Nursing and midwifery
51.1608 Nursing sciences (MSc, PhD)

18- Pharmacy

51. Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences
51.2001 Pharmacy (PharmD [USA], PharmD or BSc/BPharm [Canada])
51.2003 Pharmaceutics and Drug Design (MSc, PhD)
51.2004 Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (MSc, PhD)
51.2007 Pharmacoeconomics/Pharmaceutical Economics (MSc, PhD)
51.2099 Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration, Other

19- Veterinary Medicine

51. Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences
51.2401 Veterinary medicine
51.2501 Veterinary Sciences/Veterinary Clinical Sciences, General (Cert., MSc, PhD)
51.2510 Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology and Public Health (Cert., MSc, PhD)
51.2504 Veterinary microbiology and immunobiology (Cert., MSc, PhD)
51.2505 Veterinary pathology and pathobiology (Cert., MSc, PhD)
51.2507 Large Animal/Food Animal and Equine Surgery and Medicine (Cert., MSc, PhD)

20- Executive MBA

52. Business, Management, Marketing and Related Support Services (Specifically the MBA compressed graduate programs for executives)[Canada])

21- Regular MBA

52. Business, Management, Marketing and Related Support Services(Specifically Graduate MBA programs in the regular stream)

Weighted Asset Response Rate

Weighted Asset Response Rate
Table summary
This table displays the results of Weighted Asset Response Rate. The information is grouped by Release date (appearing as row headers), 2016, Q1 and Q2, calculated using quarterly (percentage) units of measure (appearing as column headers).
Release date 2016
Q1 Q2 Q3
quarterly (percentage)
November 24, 2016 80.3 77.7 65.6
August 25, 2016 77.5 66.1 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
May 26, 2016 64.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
.. not available for a specific reference period

Statement outlining results, risks and significant changes in operations, personnel and program

A) Introduction

Statistics Canada's mandate

Statistics Canada (the Agency) is a member of the Innovation, Science and Economic Development portfolio.

Statistics Canada's role is to ensure that Canadians have access to a trusted source of statistics on Canada that meets their highest priority needs.

The Agency's mandate derives primarily from the Statistics Act. The Act requires that the Agency collects, compiles, analyzes and publishes statistical information on the economic, social, and general conditions of the country and its people. It also requires that Statistics Canada conduct the census of population and the census of agriculture every fifth year, and protects the confidentiality of the information with which it is entrusted.

Statistics Canada also has a mandate to co-ordinate and lead the national statistical system. The Agency is considered a leader, among statistical agencies around the world, in co‑ordinating statistical activities to reduce duplication and reporting burden.

More information on Statistics Canada's mandate, roles, responsibilities and programs can be found in the 2016–2017 Main Estimates and in the Statistics Canada 2016–2017 Report on Plans and Priorities.

The quarterly financial report

Statistics Canada has the authority to collect and spend revenue from other government departments and agencies, as well as from external clients, for statistical services and products.

Basis of presentation

This quarterly report has been prepared by management using an expenditure basis of accounting. The accompanying Statement of Authorities includes the Agency's spending authorities granted by Parliament and those used by the Agency consistent with the Main Estimates for the 2016–2017 fiscal year. This quarterly report has been prepared using a special purpose financial reporting framework designed to meet financial information needs with respect to the use of spending authorities.

The authority of Parliament is required before moneys can be spent by the Government. Approvals are given in the form of annually approved limits through appropriation acts or through legislation in the form of statutory spending authority for specific purposes.

The Agency uses the full accrual method of accounting to prepare and present its annual departmental financial statements that are part of the departmental performance reporting process. However, the spending authorities voted by Parliament remain on an expenditure basis.

B) Highlights of fiscal quarter and fiscal year-to-date results

This section highlights the significant items that contributed to the net increase in resources available for the year, as well as actual expenditures for the quarter ended June 30.

Comparison of gross budgetary authorities and expenditures as of June 30, 2015, and June 30, 2016, in thousands of dollars
Description for Chart 1: Comparison of gross budgetary authorities and expenditures as of June 30, 2015, and June 30, 2016, in thousands of dollars

This bar graph shows Statistics Canada's budgetary authorities and expenditures, in thousands of dollars, as of June 30, 2015 and 2016:

  • As at June 30, 2015
    • Net budgetary authorities: $525,095
    • Vote netting authority: $120,000
    • Total authority: $645,095
    • Net expenditures for the period ending June 30: $127,586
    • Year-to-date revenues spent from vote netting authority for the period ending June 30: $5,955
    • Total expenditures: $133,541
  • As at June 30, 2016
    • Net budgetary authorities: $751,491
    • Vote netting authority: $120,000
    • Total authority: $871,491
    • Net expenditures for the period ending June 30: $238,410
    • Year-to-date revenues spent from vote netting authority for the period ending June 30: $12,573
    • Total expenditures: $250,983

Chart 1 outlines the gross budgetary authorities, which represent the resources available for use for the year as of June 30.

Significant changes to authorities

Total authorities available for 2016–2017 have increased by $226.4 million, or 35%, from the previous year, from $645.1 million to $871.5 million (Chart 1). This net increase was mostly the result of the following:

  • Increase for the Census of Population program ($210.6 million), as well as for the Census of Agriculture ($10 million);
  • Increase for the Survey of Financial Security and Annual Household Wealth ($4.9 million);
  • Increase in funding received for economic increases pertaining to interviewers' compensation ($3.9 million).

This increase is offset by the following:

  • Budget allocated to Canada School of Public Service ($1.8 million).

In addition to the appropriations allocated to the Agency through the Main Estimates, Statistics Canada also has vote net authority within Vote 105, which entitles the Agency to spend revenues collected from other government departments, agencies, and external clients to provide statistical services. Vote netting authority is stable at $120 million in each of the fiscal years 2015–2016 and 2016–2017.

Significant changes to expenditures

Year-to-date net expenditures recorded to the end of the first quarter increased by $110.8 million, or 86.9% from the previous year, from $127.6 million to $238.4 million. (See Table A: Variation in Departmental Expenditures by Standard Object.)

Most of the increase in spending is due to the 2016 Census of Population program. Statistics Canada spent approximately 32% of its authorities by the end of the first quarter, compared with 24% in the same quarter of 2015–2016.

Table A: Variation in Departmental Expenditures by Standard Object (unaudited)
This table displays the variance of departmental expenditures by standard object between fiscal 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. The variance is calculated for year to date expenditures as at the end of the second quarter. The row headers provide information by standard object. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars and percentage variance for the year to date variation.
Departmental Expenditures Variation by Standard Object Q1 year-to-date variation between fiscal year 2015-2016 and 2016-2017
$'000 %
Note: Explanations are provided for variances of more than $1 million.
(01) Personnel 17,454 14.3
(02) Transportation and communications 20,844 900.4
(03) Information 2,602 233.4
(04) Professional and special services 75,660 2,743.3
(05) Rentals 972 29.0
(06) Repair and maintenance 55 61.7
(07) Utilities, materials and supplies 170 52.1
(08) Acquisition of land, buildings and works - -
(09) Acquisition of machinery and equipment (362) (26.1)
(10) Transfer payments 100 100.0
(12) Other subsidies and payments (53) (91.5)
Total gross budgetary expenditures 117,442 87.9
Less revenues netted against expenditures
Revenues 6,618 111.1
Total net budgetary expenditures 110,824 86.9

01) Personnel: The increase was mainly due to the hiring to conduct census-related activities.

02) Transportation and Communications: The increase was the result of additional travel and postage expenses related to census activities.

03) Information: The increase was the result of printing census material and the implementation of the census media plan.

04) Professional and special services: The increase was due to remuneration for approximately 35,000 temporary census staff, recruited to participate in census collection and processing activities.

Revenues: The increase is primarily the result of timing differences between years for receipt of funds related to the census cost-sharing agreement with another government department.

C) Risks and uncertainties

Many of the Agency's collective agreements are currently expired and negotiations continue between the unions and Treasury Board. In 2016–2017, the Agency continues to monitor the potential financial impact once the collective agreements are signed, using the following actions and mitigation strategies:

  • additional analysis, monitoring and validation of financial and human resources information through a monthly financial review by budget holders;
  • review of monthly project dashboards in place across the Agency to monitor project issues, risks and alignment with approved budgets;
  • continued realignment and reprioritization of work.

In addition, while Statistics Canada continues to work collaboratively with its service providers to ensure affordable and timely delivery of its key statistical programs, the Agency has experienced issues and challenges with its information technology services during the first quarter.

Statistics Canada uses risk management and a risk-based decision-making process to prioritize and conduct its business. In order to effectively do so the Agency identifies its key risks and develops corresponding mitigation strategies in its Corporate Risk Profile.

D) Significant changes to operations, personnel and programs

In contrast with last year, Statistics Canada is undertaking major activities this fiscal year that are critical to the success of the 2016 Census of Population. These activities include finalizing the equipping of field offices, hiring field staff, collecting data, follow-up with respondents, processing of returns, closing local census offices and processing facilities, developing and testing dissemination systems and processes, and starting data quality and evaluation studies. These activities culminate in the first of the census data releases, the Population and Dwelling Counts, in February 2017. Approximately 35,000 temporary census staff were hired for census collection and processing for the period from April through mid-September. The activities of the 2016 Census program will wind down in the third quarter.

Approval by senior officials

Description for Table A: Departmental expenditures by Standard Object (unaudited) This table displays the variance of departmental expenditures by standard object between fiscal 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. The variance is calculated for year to date expenditures as at the end of the first quarter. The row headers provide information by standard object. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars and percentage variance for the year to date variation.

The original version was signed by
Wayne R. Smith, Chief Statistician
Stéphane Dufour, Chief Financial Officer
Date signed August 22, 2016
 
Departmental budgetary expenditures by Standard Object (unaudited) - Fiscal year 2016-2017
This table displays the departmental expenditures by standard object for the fiscal year 2015-2016. The row headers provide information by standard object for expenditures and revenues. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars for planned expenditures for the year ending March 31; expended during the quarter ended June 30 and year to date used at quarter-end 2016-2017.
  Fiscal year 2016–2017
Planned expenditures for the year ending March 31, 2017 Expended during the quarter ended June 30, 2016 Year-to-date used at quarter-end
in thousands of dollars
Expenditures
(01) Personnel 537,192 139,599 139,599
(02) Transportation and communications 85,741 23,159 23,159
(03) Information 12,967 3,717 3,717
(04) Professional and special services 195,407 78,418 78,418
(05) Rentals 19,890 4,322 4,322
(06) Repair and maintenance 5,347 143 143
(07) Utilities, materials and supplies 5,978 495 495
(08) Acquisition of land, buildings and works - - -
(09) Acquisition of machinery and equipment 8,718 1,025 1,025
(10) Transfer payments 200 100 100
(12) Other subsidies and payments 51 5 5
Total gross budgetary expenditures 871,491 250,983 250,983
Less revenues netted against expenditures
Revenues 120,000 12,573 12,573
Total revenues netted against expenditures 120,000 12,573 12,573
Total net budgetary expenditures 751,491 238,410 238,410
Departmental budgetary expenditures by Standard Object (unaudited) (continued) - Fiscal year 2015-2016
This table displays the departmental expenditures by standard object for the fiscal year 2015-2016. The row headers provide information by standard object for expenditures and revenues. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars for planned expenditures for the year ending June 30; expended during the quarter ended June 30; and year to date used at quarter-end 2015-2016.
  Fiscal year 2015–2016
Planned expenditures for the year ending March 31, 2016 Expended during the quarter ended June 30, 2015 Year-to-date used at quarter-end
in thousands of dollars
Expenditures
(01) Personnel 480,260 122,145 122,145
(02) Transportation and communications 37,170 2,315 2,315
(03) Information 16,696 1,115 1,115
(04) Professional and special services 54,455 2,758 2,758
(05) Rentals 24,467 3,350 3,350
(06) Repair and maintenance 7,280 88 88
(07) Utilities, materials and supplies 10,685 325 325
(08) Acquisition of land, buildings and works - - -
(09) Acquisition of machinery and equipment 13,901 1,387 1,387
(10) Transfer payments 100 - -
(12) Other subsidies and payments 81 58 58
Total gross budgetary expenditures 645,095 133,541 133,541
Less revenues netted against expenditures
Revenues 120,000 5,955 5,955
Total revenues netted against expenditures 120,000 5,955 5,955
Total net budgetary expenditures 525,095 127,586 127,586

Description for Appendix A: Departmental expenditures by Standard Object (unaudited) Table 1:
This table displays the departmental expenditures by standard object for the fiscal year 2016-2017. The row headers provide information by standard object for expenditures and revenues. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars for planned expenditures for the year ending March 31; expended during the quarter ended June 30; and year to date used at quarter-end 2016-2017.

Table 2:
This table displays the departmental expenditures by standard object for the fiscal year 2015-2016. The row headers provide information by standard object for expenditures and revenues. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars for planned expenditures for the year ending March 31; expended during the quarter ended June 30; and year to date used at quarter-end 2015-2016.

Statement of Authorities (unaudited) - Fiscal year 2016–2017
This table displays the departmental authorities for the fiscal year 2015-2016. The row headers provide information by type of authority, Vote 105 – Net operating expenditures, Statutory authority and Total Budgetary authorities. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars for Total available for use for the year ending June 30; used during the quarter ended June 30; and year to date used at quarter-end for 2016-2017.
  Fiscal year 2016–2017
Total available for use for the year ending March 31, 2017* Used during the quarter ended June 30, 2016 Year to date used at quarter-end
in thousands of dollars
* Includes only authorities available for use and granted by Parliament at quarter-end.
Vote 105 — Net operating expenditures 672,654 218,701 218,701
Statutory authority — Contribution to employee benefit plans 78,837 19,709 19,709
Total budgetary authorities 751,491 238,410 238,410
Statement of Authorities (unaudited) - Fiscal year 2015–2016
This table displays the departmental authorities for the fiscal year 2014-2015. The row headers provide information by type of authority, Vote 105 – Net operating expenditures, Statutory authority and Total Budgetary authorities. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars for Total available for use for the year ending June 30; Used during the quarter ended June 30; and year to date used at quarter-end for 2015-2016.
  Fiscal year 2015–2016
Total available for use for the year ended March 31, 2016* Used during the quarter ended June 30, 2015 Year to date used at quarter-end
in thousands of dollars
* Includes only authorities available for use and granted by Parliament at quarter-end.
Vote 105 — Net operating expenditures 456,017 110,316 110,316
Statutory authority — Contribution to employee benefit plans 69,078 17,270 17,270
Total budgetary authorities 525,095 127,586 127,586

Description for Appendix B: Statement of authorities (unaudited) Table 1:
This table displays the departmental authorities for the fiscal year 2016-2017. The row headers provide information by type of authority, Vote 105 – Net operating expenditures, Statutory authority and Total Budgetary authorities. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars for Total available for use for the year ending March 31; used during the quarter ended June 30; and year to date used at quarter-end for 2016-2017.

Table 2:
This table displays the departmental authorities for the fiscal year 2015-2016. The row headers provide information by type of authority, Vote 105 – Net operating expenditures, Statutory authority and Total Budgetary authorities. The column headers provide information in thousands of dollars for Total available for use for the year ending March 31; Used during the quarter ended June 30; and year to date used at quarter-end for 2015-2016.

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