- In 2020, the median income of Black individuals with a bachelor's degree or higher was $50,000, compared to $70,000 for the non-racialized population.
- Black men, across different age groups and parents' region of birth, earned less than their non-racialized counterparts—the largest earnings gap was among non-racialized men and third-generation plus Black men (-$16,300) and the smallest was among Black men born to African immigrants and non-racialized men (-$8,500).
- Among women, Black Canadians third generations or more (-$9,500) and children of Caribbean immigrants (-$1,300) earn less than non-racialized third-generation or more women, while children of African immigrants earn more (+$3,100).
- Within the Black population, 15.0% (or 232,010 individuals) were living in low-income conditions1 (LIM-AT)2. This is a higher percentage compared to the non-racialized population (10.3%).
- Immigrants who were part of the Black population were slightly more likely to live in low-income conditions (16.3%), followed by the third generation or more (15.8%), and the second-generation (12.4%).
- While poverty rates among racialized groups generally decrease from one generation to the next, the Black population consistently experiences higher poverty rates than the non-racialized population across all generations. Among the Black population who belongs to the third generation or more, the poverty rate (12.1%) is more than double of that of their counterparts who were part of the non-racialized population (6%).
Definitions
1 Low-income status refers to the income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.
2 The Low‑income measure, after tax (LIM-AT), refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median adjusted after‑tax income of private households. The household after‑tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.
Contact information
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