
Household actual final consumption (HAFC) increased by 10.2% (+$175.4 billion) in 2022—the largest increase observed for these estimates, which date back to 2008. Growth in HAFC has been strong in 2021 and 2022, as household final consumption expenditure (HFCE) accelerated alongside inflationary pressures and increasing economic activity due to the easing of COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions. At the same time, social transfers in-kind (STiK) grew strongly in 2022 (+8.1%), led by growth in health, education as well as social protection and housing-related support.
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