References

Warning View the most recent version.

Archived Content

Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please "contact us" to request a format other than those available.

Abowd, John M., and David Card. 1989. "On the covariance structure of earnings and hours changes." Econometrica. 57, 2: 411–445.

Altonji, Joseph G., and Lewis M. Segal. 1996. "Small-sample bias in GMM estimation of covariance structures." Journal of Business & Economic Statistics. 14, 3: 353–366.

Aydemir, Abdurrahman, and Mikal Skuterud. 2005. "Explaining the deteriorating entry earnings of Canada's immigrant cohorts, 1966-2000." Canadian Journal of Economics. 38, 2: 641–672.

Baker, Michael. 1997. "Growth-rate heterogeneity and the covariance structure of life-cycle earnings." Journal of Labor Economics. 15, 2: 338–375.

Baker, Michael, and Gary Solon. 2003. "Earnings dynamics and inequality among Canadian men, 1976-1992." Journal of Labor Economics. 21, 2: 289–321.

Baker, Michael, and Dwayne Benjamin. 1994. "The performance of immigrants in the Canadian labor market." Journal of Labor Economics. 12, 3: 369–405.

Beach, Charles M., Ross Finnie and David Gray. 2003. "Earnings variability and earnings instability of women and men in Canada: How do the 1990s compare to the 1980s?" Canadian Public Policy. 29, Supplement: The Linkages Between Economic Growth and Inequality: S41–S63.

Betts, Julian R., and Magnus Lof strom. 2000. "The educational attainment of immigrants." In Issues in the Economics of Immigration. George J. Borjas (ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Browning, Martin, and AnnaMaria Lusardi. 1996. "Household saving: Micro theories and micro facts." Journal of Economic Literature. 34, 4: 1797–1855.

Browning, Martin, and Thomas F. Crossley. 2001. "The life-cycle model of consumption and saving." Journal of Economic Perspectives. 15, 3: 3–21.

Chiswick, Barry Y. 1978. "The effect of Americanization on the earnings of foreign-born men." Journal of Political Economy. 86, 5: 897–921.

Clark, Todd E. 1996. "Smal-sample properties of estimators of nonlinear models of covariance structure." Journal of Business & Economic Statistics. 14, 3: 367–373.

Deaton, Angus. 1997. The Analysis of Household Surveys: A Microeconometric Approach to Development Policy. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Dustmann, Christian, and Arthur Van Soest. 2002. "Language and the earnings of immigrants." Industrial & Labor Relations Review. 55, 3: 473–492.

Ferrer, Ana, David A. Green and W. Craig Riddell. 2006. "The effect of literacy on immigrant earnings." Journal of Human Resources. 41, 2: 380–410.

Frenette, Marc, and René Morissette. 2003. Will They Ever Converge? Earnings of Immigrant and Canadian-born Workers over the Last Two Decades. Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series. Catalogue no. 11F0019MIE2003215. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

Friedberg, Rachel M. 2000. "You can't take it with you? Immigrant assimilation and the portability of human capital." Journal of Labor Economics. 18, 2: 221–251.

Gottschalk, Peter, and Robert Moffitt. 1994. "The growth of earnings instability in the U.S. labor market." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 2: 217–272.

Grant, Mary L. 1999. "Evidence of new immigrant assimilation in Canada." Canadian Journal of Economics. 32, 4: 930–955.

Green, David A., and Christopher Worswick. 2004. Immigrant earnings profiles in the presence of human capital investment: Measuring cohort and macro effects. IFS Working Papers, no. W04/13. London, U.K.: Institute for Fiscal Studies.

Haider, Steven J. 2001. "Earnings instability and earnings inequality of males in the United States: 1967-1991." Journal of Labor Economics. 19, 4: 799–836.

Jasso, Guillermina, Mark R. Rosenzweig and James P. Smith. 2000. "The changing skill of new immigrants to the United States: Recent trends and their determinants." In Issues in the Economics of Immigration. George J. Borjas (ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Johnston, Jack. Econometric Methods. 1984. 3rd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Moffitt, Robert A., and Peter Gottschalk. 2002. "Trends in the transitory variance of earnings in the United States." The Economic Journal. 112, 478: C68–C73.

Morissette, René, John Myles and Garnett Picot. 1994. What Is Happening to Earnings Inequality in Canada? Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series. Catalogue no. 11F0019MIE1994060. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

Morissette, René, and Yuri Ostrovsky. 2005. "The instability of family earnings and family income in Canada, 1986-1991 and 1996-2001." Canadian Public Policy. 31, 3: 273–302.

Schaafsma, Joseph, and Arthur Sweetman. 2001. "Immigrant earnings: Age at immigration matters." Canadian Journal of Economics. 34, 4: 1066–1099.

Smith, James P. 2006. "Immigrants and the labor market." Journal of Labor Economics. 24, 2: 203–233.