Canadian millers milled 3.3 million tonnes of wheat in 2024, down 0.8% from 2023, while total flour produced decreased to 2.5 million tonnes, down 1.3% compared with the previous year.
In 2024, wheat (excluding durum) milled in Canada fell 0.7% compared with 2023 to 3.1 million tonnes, while durum wheat milled decreased 2.3% to 218 900 tonnes.
Flour milled in Canada is mainly used for food domestically. From 2019 to 2023, an average of 87.9% of the total supply of wheat flour in Canada went to domestic disappearance, which accounts for flour sold in stores or used as an input in baking.
The price of flour decreased in 2024, with the average retail price for 2.5 kilograms of flour falling 10.3% compared with the previous year. One reason for the decline in flour prices is that millers paid lower prices for wheat. Wheat prices fell in 2024, after having been elevated in 2022 and 2023. The price of wheat (excluding durum) for milling in Saskatchewan was 22% lower in 2024 than it was the previous year.
Most of the wheat produced in Canada that is not used for food domestically is exported. From 2019 to 2023, exports of wheat flour accounted for on average 7.2% of the total supply of wheat flour in Canada.
In 2024, Canada exported a total of 220 000 tonnes of wheat flour, the vast majority of which went to the United States (92.8%), followed by the Bahamas (1.9%) and Cuba (1.4%). The previous year, Canada also exported the majority of its wheat to the United States (89.2%), followed by Thailand (4.4%).
Millers in the United States milled 24.9 million tonnes of wheat in 2024, up 1.2% from 2023, and total flour produced increased 1.2% during this period to 19.3 million tonnes.
The quantity of wheat (excluding durum) milled in the United States increased 1.3% from 2023 to 23.1 million tonnes in 2024. Over the same period, the quantity of durum wheat milled was up 0.8% to 1.8 million tonnes.
Focus on Canada and the United States
The imposition of tariffs by the United States may have an impact on the amount of wheat milled in Canada in the coming year. Canadian millers exported 204 300 tonnes of wheat flour to the United States in 2024, making up the majority of Canadian wheat flour exports.
Statistics Canada will continue to monitor developments on tariffs and the impact on producer deliveries. For detailed and up-to-date figures on Canada–US trade by product type, please refer to the Canadian International Merchandise Trade Web Application.
For more data and insights on areas touched by the socio-economic relationship between Canada and the United States, see the Focus on Canada and the United States webpage.
Note to readers
Statistics Canada is providing annual data on wheat milled and wheat flour produced in Canada and the United States. This series was prepared in collaboration with the United States Department of Agriculture's National Agricultural Statistics Service.
Starting in January 2025, data on Canadian millers are collected on a quarterly basis. This replaces the previous Monthly Miller's Survey and Annual Miller's Survey.
Find more agriculture and food statistics.
Reference
Data table: 32-10-0131-01.
- Note: some data tables may best be viewed on desktop.
Definitions, data sources and methods: survey number 3403 and 3443.
Previous release: Milled wheat and wheat flour produced, Canada and United States, 2023.
Contact information
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