Date: April 2022

Program manager: Director, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics

Director General, Census Subject Matter, Social Insights, Integration and Innovation

Reference to Personal Information Bank (PIB)

Personal information collected through the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) is described in Statistics Canada's "Crime Statistics" Personal Information Bank (Bank number: StatCan PPU 029). The UCR collects personal information to produce statistical information relating to the nature and extent of crime in Canada and to describe the circumstances of criminal incidents, as well as the characteristics of victims and accused persons. Personal information is collected pursuant to the Statistics Act (Sections 3, 7, 13).

The Crime Statistics PIB is published on the Statistics Canada website under the latest Information about Programs and Information Holdings chapter.

Description of statistical activity

Statistics Canada conducts the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) under the authority of the Statistics Act^{Footnote 1}. The UCR collects data on criminal incidents that come to the attention of, and have been substantiated by, police. Information collected from police services includes personal information such as name, date of birth, gender, and characteristics of victims and accused persons involved in criminal incidents, as well as information relating to the nature and extent of the incidents.

The purpose of the survey is to measure the incidence of crime in Canadian society and its characteristics. The information is used by federal and provincial policy makers as well as public and private researchers.

More than 1,000 separate police services and detachments respond to the survey, comprising of over 190 different police forces. Starting in 2022, the Canadian Forces Military Police will become an active respondent to the UCR survey and will be required to provide the same information already provided by other police services.

Information on the UCR is available on Statistics Canada's website Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR)

Reason for supplement

While the Generic Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) addresses the privacy and security risks related to statistical activities conducted by Statistics Canada including the UCR, due to the sensitivity of the information being collected and in the context of the current Canadian Armed Forces (CAF)-Department of National Defence (DND) Sexual Misconduct dossier, this supplement describes the measures in place to protect the privacy and confidentiality of the information, and informs Canadians that the Canadian Forces Military Police will now be an active respondent to the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) and will be reporting data on Criminal Code and Federal Statute incidents under their jurisdiction. As is the case with all PIAs, Statistics Canada's privacy framework ensures that elements of privacy protection and privacy controls are documented and applied.

Necessity and Proportionality

The collection of personal information for the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) by the Canadian Forces Military Police can be justified against Statistics Canada's Necessity and Proportionality Framework:

1. Necessity:
   The general benefits of the UCR data for Canadians have been well defined in terms of:
   • providing a comprehensive picture of crime in Canada
   • supporting police services and other justice stakeholders in their resource planning and program development for the policing community
   • supporting decisions about the distribution of police resources, definitions of provincial standards and for comparisons with other departments and provinces or territories
   • providing information for policy and legislative development, evaluation of new legislative initiatives, and international comparisons, and
   • helping media, academics and researchers use these data to examine specific issues about crime.
   To date, the response rate in terms of police respondents complying with the UCR survey is virtually 100 percent, but some respondents are still missing to ensure that the survey is covering the total crime that come to the attention of police in Canada. Among those few respondents missing is the Canadian Forces Military Police (CFMP). The CFMP is responsible to enforce laws and regulations on Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) establishments in Canada and abroad. They serve the entire CAF community, including Regular and Reserve Force members, civilian employees, cadets, and family members. Among the primary responsibilities of the CFMP are to investigate and report incidents involving military or criminal offenses and perform other policing duties, such as traffic control and traffic-accident investigations which are in scope of the UCR.
   To provide the most accurate picture of crime in Canada, it is important that all police services respond to the UCR. In addition, the CFMP has expressed its interest to be included in the UCR in order to be transparent regarding crimes on their military bases across the country. The Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics (CCJCSS) has therefore been working with the CFMP in including them in the UCR. In compliance with Statistics Canada's Policy on Informing Users of Data Quality and Methodology^{Footnote 2}, users of the UCR will be informed of the addition of the CFMP as a respondent to the UCR and of the relevant data quality and methodology through the Agency's Integrated Metadata Base (IMDB) UCR web page^{Footnote 3}.
   The CFMP will be reporting the same information as the current UCR respondents, including personal information on victims and accused involved in criminal incidents in Canada. The survey data file, without direct identifiers other than postal code and date of birth, will be made available to researchers in the Research Data Centres (RDC)^{Footnote 4} upon approval of requests to access the data for statistical research. Statistics Canada's directives and policies on data publication will be followed to ensure the confidentiality of any data released from the RDCs. Only aggregate results, which are fully anonymized and non-confidential, without direct identifiers, which precludes the possibility of re-identifying individuals, can be released from the RDCs. Statistics Canada will retain this data as long as required for statistical purposes, in order to conduct analysis of long‐term impacts.
   Data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) can be linked to other data sets for both specialized data production activities such as the update of the Crime Severity Index (CSI), as well as for cost-recovery or other specialized projects that address specific justice-related research questions and/or data gaps. Statistics Canada's microdata linkage and related statistical activities were assessed in Statistics Canada's Generic Privacy Impact Assessment.^{Footnote 5} All data linkage activities are subject to established governance^{Footnote 6}, and are assessed against the privacy principles of necessity and proportionality^{Footnote 7}. All approved linkages are published on Statistics Canada's website^{Footnote 8}.
2. Effectiveness - Working assumptions:
   Statistics Canada's Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) is an administrative data source that extracts police service files from their Record Management Systems on a monthly basis. It is the only source of data that collects information on all criminal incidents reported by Canadian police services. It is Canada's primary source of information to monitor the nature and extent of police-reported crimes across the country. Accordingly, including the Canadian Forces Military Police (CFMP) will allow for a more complete picture of crime in Canada.
   All Statistics Canada directives and policies for obtaining administrative data under the Statistics Act and dissemination of the data are followed, and information released does not disclose any information identifying victims or accused involved in a criminal incident reported by the police. Further, the CFMP is engaged in ongoing discussions with the CCJCSS to determine if additional vetting rules specific to their data are required to ensure the confidentiality of victims or accused.
   The data from the UCR survey is representative of crime in Canada and is disaggregated at the provincial and Census metropolitan Area (CMA)^{Footnote 9} geographical level and at the incident level. Information on victims and accused including age and gender, are grouped in order to ensure anonymity. More specifically, CCJCSS does not release any tables or cross-tabulations that may identify directly or indirectly a particular victim or suspect by the specifics of an offence. If necessary, data are suppressed to prevent direct or residual disclosure of identifiable data.
   The CFMP, in collaboration with CCJCSS, has established that the CFMP data will be systematically disseminated at a higher level of geography where their individual military bases' data will be published together as one respondent and included in the Canada level rollup only (no province breakout for confidentiality reasons). In addition, there will be ongoing discussions between the CFMP and CCJCSS to establish if additional residual disclosure rules for their data will be required.
3. Proportionality:
   Personal information such as name, date of birth, gender, and characteristics of victims and accused persons involved in criminal incidents, as well as information relating to the nature and extent of the incident is collected from more than 1,000 separate police services and detachments, comprising of over 190 different police forces which will now include the Canadian Forces Military Police. To provide the most accurate picture of crime in Canada, it is important that all police services respond to the UCR.
   The data collected through the UCR survey provide key information for crime analysis, resource planning and program development for the policing community.
   Municipal and provincial governments use the data to inform decisions about the distribution of police resources, to develop definitions of provincial standards, and for comparisons with other departments or jurisdictions. For the Federal Government, the UCR survey provides information for policy and legislative development, for the evaluation of new legislative initiatives, and for international comparisons.
   The UCR survey also provides information to the general public on the nature and extent of police-reported crime and crime trends in Canada. As well, media, academics and researchers use these data to examine specific issues about crime.
   All data extracted from police services administrative files are carefully considered to address specific data needs and gaps, and consultations with the Police and Information Statistics Committee (POLIS) from the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police are conducted on an ongoing basis.
   Proportionality has also been considered based on ethics:
   Data sensitivity: The data collected from the CMPF could be of a sensitive nature due to the current CAF-DND Sexual Misconduct dossier. The risk of sensitive information being disclosed is minimal since their data will be processed according to Statistics Canada's and the UCR-specific current practices. In particular, personal identifier variables (e.g. name and date of birth of victims and accused) are suppressed from the data and accessible to only a limited number of employees on a need-to-know basis. They are never disclosed.
   Approved researchers accessing the UCR microdata files in the RDCs must apply well defined vetting rules in order to use the data for research purposes. It has additionally been agreed on that the CFMP, in collaboration with CCJCSS, could develop additional vetting rules that may be applied, if required, to their specific data and those rules will be consistent across military bases for which information will be collected.
4. Alternatives:
   The Canadian Forces Military Police (CFMP) is not currently responding to the UCR Survey, therefore incidents reported under the Canadian Criminal Code by this force are not accounted for in the Canadian crime statistics released yearly by Statistics Canada. Including the CFMP as an active respondent will address this data gap.

Mitigation factors

Some of the variables contained in the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) such as names, date of birth and gender are considered sensitive as they directly identify individuals coming into contact with the police in the context of a criminal incident. The overall risk of harm to the survey respondents has been deemed manageable with existing Statistics Canada safeguards that are described in Statistics Canada's Generic Privacy Impact Assessment, as well as with some additional measures implemented specifically for the UCR. Data from the Canadian Forces Military Police (CFMP) could be perceived as of a higher sensitivity due to the CAF-DND Sexual Misconduct dossier. Additional safeguard measures will therefore be applied on those specific cases reported by the CFMP.

Measures for all StatCan surveys

The following describes some of the measures that apply to all surveys but that demonstrate safeguards of particular importance for the UCR.

The Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) has collected aggregate police-reported data since 1962 and incident-based data on the characteristics of all criminal incidents, victims and accused persons since 1988. The ongoing success of the UCR incident-based survey is dependent on the cooperation and participation of the police services across Canada. Statistics Canada takes great care to respect the trust that respondent police services place in Statistics Canada to safeguard the information that they have supplied. The confidentiality provisions stipulated by Paragraph 17(1)(b) of the Statistics Act require that the characteristics of individual incidents, accused or victims not be disseminated to the public.^{Footnote 10}

In addition to legislative requirements outlined by the Statistics Act, the Government of Canada and Statistics Canada have established a number of policies around collecting and storing sensitive statistical information, such as data collected through the UCR; these include the Federal Policy on Government Security^{Footnote 11}, and Statistics Canada's IT Security Policy and Policy on Privacy and Confidentiality.

To ensure compliance with these security requirements, physical security measures are put in place whereby data, including that of the UCR, are stored in a secure location where access is controlled and limited only to authorized persons on a need-to-know basis. More specifically, access to the data is controlled by file permissions and these permissions are only granted in a way to permit the minimum access necessary to program service delivery. All Statistics Canada employees, including deemed employees^{Footnote 12}, involved in the production of statistics are aware of their obligation to protect confidentiality and of the legal penalties for wrongful disclosure.

Furthermore, all direct identifiers (e.g. for the UCR, names, date of birth, and address of the victims or accused persons) are removed from the data files during UCR data processing steps and the files that contain these variables are stored in a separate secure area (server). Secure practices and processes are used in the production of statistics and access to any protected information is based strictly on the need-to-know principle and is limited to only those persons whose current work-related responsibilities require access to the information.

Measures for the UCR

The following describes some of the additional measures that apply to the UCR:

Statistics Canada's Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics (CCJCSS) also takes specific steps to preserve data confidentiality and where data users have access to microdata, for example, via Statistics Canada's Research Data Centres (RDCs), confidentiality vetting guidelines specific to the UCR survey have been developed in order to prevent the release of potentially sensitive information that pertains to the characteristics of a particular individual or incident.

Generally speaking, these measures include the UCR data made available in the RDCs for statistical research and analysis, and the results (outputs) of this analysis that can exported out of the RDCs.

UCR data available in RDCs

• A review of all the UCR variables was conducted to determine which variables would be included for access in the RDCs and which would not. Variables were marked for exclusion for one of two main reasons:
  • Direct identifiers – The variables that identify specific individuals or incidents (e.g., name of victim, name of accused, FPS (Finger Print Information System) number, police report number (incident file number)). These variables are not available in the RDCs under any circumstances.
  • Data quality issues – The data received from police services that are of poor or unknown quality.
• Consideration was also given to possible confidentiality risks that might be associated with the response categories for certain UCR variables, as these responses could potentially reveal sensitive information about the incident, the accused or the victim. For example, the precise time and date of particular incidents may be particularly revealing and as such are not releasable. When presenting data by these variables (e.g., cross-tabulating type of violation by time of incident), the researcher is required to collapse the time into 6-hour intervals. Therefore, where necessary, sensitive response categories are aggregated or collapsed into a more generic category to reduce any risk of disclosure.
• Similarly, individual violation codes for criminal offences captured on the UCR were examined to discern if there were any potential confidentiality issues that might result from releasing information for particular violation codes. Sensitive violation codes such as those related to the sexual violation of children, are grouped into a single category as 'Other Sexual Violations', therefore aggregated or collapsed under a more generic code to reduce any risk of disclosure.
• Finally, the retained variables were examined to identify any potentially sensitive variables (i.e., indirect identifiers or sensitive variables), that could, either alone or when appearing in conjunction with other variables, disclose confidential information. Once the potentially sensitive variables were identified, disclosure rules were then developed to manage the confidentiality concerns related to these variables.

UCR research and analysis outputs that can leave the RDCs

In order for statistical outputs resulting from analysis of the UCR data to receive approval for removal from the RDCs, the following confidentiality vetting rules must be satisfied.

First and foremost, statistical outputs may not be removed from the RDC if they can lead to the possible identification of a particular victim, accused person or incident.

For frequency tables (i.e., counts, rates, totals), a scoring method is used by the RDC analyst to determine the disclosure risk score for each table. The score is based on the nature and level of detail of the variables that make up that table, and increases as more sensitive variables are included. Variables that are potentially more sensitive (i.e., those associated with a higher risk of identification or revealing a characteristic that can be attributed to a single individual or incident) are given higher scores. The lowest score is a 0 and is awarded to variables associated with an extremely low risk of disclosure, whereas a score of 8 is given when the risk of disclosure is extremely high. Researchers will score their tables themselves. Then, after tallying the total disclosure risk score for a table, the researcher, in consultation with the RDC analyst, then compares the table score to the established threshold to determine whether or not it can be released.

For the UCR, the threshold for disclosure risk scores is 7. Frequency tables with scores at or below the threshold may be released as is – regardless of the cell count. Tables with disclosure risk scores above the threshold will not be releasable. In cases where tables score above the threshold, researchers may want to consider removing one or more sensitive variables or try using an aggregated variable to lower the table's overall score.

Alternately, with a few exceptions, researchers can choose to apply a controlled rounding process (rounding to base 5) to their tables. The RDC analyst will verify that the rounding program has been applied correctly.

Measures for UCR CFMP data

In collaboration with the Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics (CCJCSS), it has been determined that the Canadian Forces Military Police (CFMP) would like all of their bases' data published together as one respondent and included in the Canada level rollup only (no province breakout for confidentiality reasons). Additionally, measures such as rolling up certain offence types to avoid the release of disaggregated data that could potentially identify individuals and/or specific vetting rules related to the CFMP data may be developed by the CFMP and Statistics Canada, if required, in order to heighten confidentiality protection.

Conclusion

This assessment concludes that, with the existing Statistics Canada safeguards and additional mitigation factors listed above, any remaining risks are such that Statistics Canada is prepared to accept and manage the risk.

Formal approval

This Supplementary Privacy Impact Assessment has been reviewed and recommended for approval by Statistics Canada's Chief Privacy Officer, Director General for Modern Statistical Methods and Data Science, and Assistant Chief Statistician for Social, Health and Labour Statistics.

The Chief Statistician of Canada has the authority for section 10 of the Privacy Act for Statistics Canada, and is responsible for the Agency's operations, including the program area mentioned in this Supplementary Privacy Impact Assessment.

This Privacy Impact Assessment has been approved by the Chief Statistician of Canada.

Record linkage results per province and territory - 2020

Province/Territory	Linkage
		Linkage RateTablenote 1	False Discovery RateTablenote 2	False Negative error RateTablenote 3
		%
Newfoundland and Labrador	Census (individuals)	87.8	< 0.5	< 1.0
	Tax & Social Insurance Registry (individuals)	94.8	< 1.0	< 2.0
	Business Register (businesses and governments)	94.8	< 1.0	< 2.5
Nova Scotia	Census (individuals)	87.2	< 1.0	< 0.5
	Tax & Social Insurance Registry (individuals)	94.6	< 0.5	< 1.5
	Business Register (businesses and governments)	95.4	< 1.0	< 2.0
New Brunswick	Census (individuals)	84.5	< 2.5	< 2.0
	Tax & Social Insurance Registry (individuals)	92.7	< 2.0	< 1.0
	Business Register (businesses and governments)	95.7	< 0.5	< 1.5
Ontario	Census (individuals)	92.3	< 0.5	< 0.5
	Tax & Social Insurance Registry (individuals)	98.3	< 0.5	< 0.5
	Business Register (businesses and governments)	98.0	< 1.0	< 1.0
Manitoba	Census (individuals)	92.0	< 1.0	< 0.5
	Tax & Social Insurance Registry (individuals)	97.3	< 0.5	< 1.0
	Business Register (businesses and governments)	97.4	< 0.5	< 0.5
British Columbia	Census (individuals)	89.7	< 1.5	< 1.0
	Tax & Social Insurance Registry (individuals)	96.5	< 1.5	< 1.5
	Business Register (businesses and governments)	97.8	< 0.5	< 1.0
Yukon	Census (individuals)	83.0	< 0.5	< 1.0
	Tax & Social Insurance Registry (individuals)	92.0	< 0.5	< 1.5
	Business Register (businesses and governments)	99.3	< 0.5	< 0.5
Northwest Territories	Census (individuals)	90.2	< 0.5	< 0.5
	Tax & Social Insurance Registry (individuals)	97.7	< 0.5	< 1.0
	Business Register (businesses and governments)	97.0	< 0.5	< 0.5
Nunavut	Census (individuals)	78.2	< 2.0	< 0.5
	Tax & Social Insurance Registry (individuals)	92.4	< 0.5	< 1.0
	Business Register (businesses and governments)	99.6	< 0.5	< 0.5
Tablenote 1 Linkage Rate: The linkage rate is calculated as the percentage of owner records with accepted links to the database shown. It is the denominator for the false discovery rate (FDR). While it is not a data quality indicator alone, in addition to the FDR and the false negative error rate (FNR) it provides a complete picture of the overall linkage quality. Return to tablenote 1 referrer Tablenote 2 False Discovery Rate (FDR): The FDR is calculated as the percentage of records with false links among records with accepted links (i.e., a record with a false link is a record that was linked incorrectly). Return to tablenote 2 referrer Tablenote 3 False Negative error Rate (FNR): The FNR is calculated as the percentage of records with true links which were not found in the linkage process (i.e., records that were not linked when they should have been). Return to tablenote 3 referrer

The Canadian Survey on Disability will ask about long-term conditions, and/or health-related problems that you may have and how they impact your daily life. With your help, valuable information will be collected on the following topics

• the type and severity of disabilities, including age of onset and age of limitation
• medical conditions
• episodic disabilities
• medication use
• cannabis use
• types of aids, assistive devices and technologies used
• help received
• health care services and therapies
• education
• labour (employment)
• Veterans
• Internet use
• accessibility barriers
• general health
• housebound status
• social isolation
• sources of income
• food security
• homelessness
• sexual orientation
• COVID-19

Retail Commodity Survey: CVs for Total Sales March 2022
Table summary
This table displays the results of Retail Commodity Survey: CVs for Total Sales (March 2022). The information is grouped by NAPCS-CANADA (appearing as row headers), and Month (appearing as column headers).

NAPCS-CANADA	Month
	202201	202202	202203	202204
Total commodities, retail trade commissions and miscellaneous services	0.75	0.67	0.63	0.68
Retail Services (except commissions) [561]	0.75	0.66	0.62	0.68
Food at retail [56111]	0.71	1.27	1.00	0.94
Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages, at retail [56112]	0.54	0.57	0.64	0.65
Cannabis products, at retail [56113]	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Clothing at retail [56121]	1.61	2.14	1.16	1.09
Footwear at retail [56122]	1.75	1.75	1.45	1.70
Jewellery and watches, luggage and briefcases, at retail [56123]	5.71	5.30	7.35	6.76
Home furniture, furnishings, housewares, appliances and electronics, at retail [56131]	2.20	0.88	1.25	1.08
Sporting and leisure products (except publications, audio and video recordings, and game software), at retail [56141]	3.06	1.91	2.16	2.07
Publications at retail [56142]	6.03	6.88	5.87	5.95
Audio and video recordings, and game software, at retail [56143]	0.50	0.44	0.49	0.51
Motor vehicles at retail [56151]	2.80	2.21	2.08	2.37
Recreational vehicles at retail [56152]	7.32	4.33	4.14	5.82
Motor vehicle parts, accessories and supplies, at retail [56153]	2.01	2.06	1.75	1.76
Automotive and household fuels, at retail [56161]	1.65	1.43	2.02	1.70
Home health products at retail [56171]	2.40	2.34	2.12	2.48
Infant care, personal and beauty products, at retail [56172]	2.17	2.24	2.22	2.02
Hardware, tools, renovation and lawn and garden products, at retail [56181]	2.93	2.38	2.17	3.02
Miscellaneous products at retail [56191]	2.87	2.17	2.08	2.92
Total retail trade commissions and miscellaneous services Footnote 1	2.17	1.74	2.04	1.83
Footnotes Footnote 1 Comprises the following North American Product Classification System (NAPCS): 51411, 51412, 53112, 56211, 57111, 58111, 58121, 58122, 58131, 58141, 72332, 833111, 841, 85131 and 851511. Return to footnote 1 referrer

Retail Commodity Survey: CVs for Total Sales (third quarter 2021)
Table summary
This table displays the results of Retail Commodity Survey: CVs for total sales (third quarter 2021). The information is grouped by NAPCS-CANADA (appearing as row headers), and Quarter (appearing as column headers).

NAPCS-CANADA	Quarter
	2022Q1
Total commodities, retail trade commissions and miscellaneous services	1.17
Retail Services (except commissions) [561]	1.20
Food at retail [56111]	0.97
Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages, at retail [56112]	0.49
Cannabis products, at retail [56113]	0.00
Clothing at retail [56121]	1.25
Footwear at retail [56122]	1.50
Jewellery and watches, luggage and briefcases, at retail [56123]	6.58
Home furniture, furnishings, housewares, appliances and electronics, at retail [56131]	1.45
Sporting and leisure products (except publications, audio and video recordings, and game software), at retail [56141]	1.96
Publications at retail [56142]	5.80
Audio and video recordings, and game software, at retail [56143]	0.50
Motor vehicles at retail [56151]	1.86
Recreational vehicles at retail [56152]	3.65
Motor vehicle parts, accessories and supplies, at retail [56153]	1.62
Automotive and household fuels, at retail [56161]	1.90
Home health products at retail [56171]	2.10
Infant care, personal and beauty products, at retail [56172]	2.20
Hardware, tools, renovation and lawn and garden products, at retail [56181]	2.14
Miscellaneous products at retail [56191]	2.00
Total retail trade commissions and miscellaneous services Footnotes 1	1.76
Footnotes Footnote 1 Comprises the following North American Product Classification System (NAPCS): 51411, 51412, 53112, 56211, 57111, 58111, 58121, 58122, 58131, 58141, 72332, 833111, 841, 85131 and 851511. Return to footnote 1 referrer

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Your time counts

Do you have enough time in your day?

• How much time do you spend taking care of others or doing household work?
• Do you take the time to sit down and eat?
• How many hours do you spend in transportation?
• Do you spend time helping out in your community?

The Time Use Survey measures important daily activities done by Canadians that sometimes go unnoticed but can impact wellbeing and play an important role in our society.

Complete the Time Use Survey

Your participation means that Statistics Canada can paint a more accurate picture of the various ways Canadians use their time, which allows the government to create more efficient and helpful policies. For example, many social and health systems are greatly supported by unpaid work. Your answers will help measure and value this work so that it can be taken into account when making decisions.

Interesting findings

Eating:

• In 2015, 30% of Canadians ate all of their daily meals alone. 10% of Canadians reported doing something else while eating.

Sleeping:

• 62% of Canadians reported sleeping for more than eight hours daily in 2015. 31% slept for 6-8 hours, and 7% had less than six hours of sleep. People who slept for six hours or more were more likely to report being “very satisfied” or “satisfied” with their work-life balance.

Active aging:

• After retirement, many Canadians stay involved in the economy, including by spending more time providing free childcare for family members, caring for a spouse, or engaging with their community.

Childcare:

• Both fathers and mothers were spending more time caring for their children in 2015 than when the Time Use Survey was first conducted in 1986. On average, mothers still spent more time with their children than fathers did.

How time use data are being used

The Time Use Survey has been collected six times since 1986. Over the years, the data have proven to be crucial in a variety of ways:

Women and Gender Equality Canada: to create a portrait of how much time men and women spend on unpaid work and caregiving.

Public Health Agency of Canada: to maintain a framework on physical activity, sedentary activities and sleep.

Statistics Canada: to include the economic impact of time spent on unpaid domestic work in estimates of Canada’s economic performance and to track Canada’s progress on the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.

Transport Canada: to help support municipalities in their road and public transportation planning. This can include measuring exposure to environmental pollutants.

Your time use diary

A key part of the Time Use Survey is the diary of activities. When you start the 24-hour diary in the survey, you will be asked to report the activities you did during a recent day.

Tips for completing the survey

For more information on the time use diary, scan this QR code with your smartphone or tablet and follow the link.

For more information, please consult Time Use Survey

Consultation objectives

The purpose of the Census of Agriculture is to provide a comprehensive and integrated profile of the physical, economic, social and environmental aspects of Canada's agriculture industry.

Before each census, Statistics Canada conducts an extensive consultation and qualitative testing process to ensure that census content reflects changes in Canada's agriculture industry and remains relevant for agriculture data users. This content consultation allows data users and interested parties across Canada to share their views on how they use census data and the type of information they believe should be available from the census.

Therefore, Statistics Canada is now starting the public consultation process and seeking for proposals on new or modified Census of Agriculture content that meets the needs of data users while reducing the response burden on farm operators.

How to get involved

This consultation is now closed.

In the fall of 2022, Statistics Canada conducted virtual consultation workshops. The information provided from data users helped Statistics Canada determine the content for the 2026 Census of Agriculture.

Statistics Canada thanks all consultation participants.

Individuals who wished to obtain more information or to take part in a consultation were asked to contact Statistics Canada by sending an email to statcan.ceag-consultationreag-consultation.statcan@statcan.gc.ca.

Statistics Canada is committed to respecting the privacy of consultation participants. All personal information created, held or collected by the Agency is protected by the Privacy Act. For more information on Statistics Canada's privacy policies, please consult the Privacy notice.

Results

Statistics Canada received feedback from a variety of data users, including federal government departments and provincial ministries, agricultural associations, and educational institutions, and we want to thank participants for their contributions to this consultative engagement initiative.

We invite you to read the 2026 Census of Agriculture Content Consultation Report.

Business or organization information

1. Which of the following categories best describes this business or organization?

• Government agency
• Private sector business
• Non-profit organization
  • Who does this organization primarily serve?
    • Households or individuals
      e.g., child and youth services, community food services, food bank, women's shelter, community housing services, emergency relief services, religious organization, grant and giving services, social advocacy group, arts and recreation group
    • Businesses
      e.g., business association, chamber of commerce, condominium association, environment support or protection services, group benefit carriers (pensions, health, medical)
• Don't know

Business or organization information

2. In what year was this business or organization first established?

Please provide the year this business or organization first began operations.

Year business or organization was first established:

OR

Don't know

3. Over the last 12 months, did this business or organization conduct any of the following international activities?

Select all that apply.

• Export or sell goods outside of Canada
  Include both intermediate and final goods.
• Export or sell services outside of Canada
  Include services delivered virtually and in person.
  e.g., software, cloud services, legal services, environmental services, architectural services, digital advertising
• Make investments outside of Canada
• Sell goods to businesses or organizations in Canada who then resold them outside of Canada
• Import or buy goods from outside of Canada
  Include both intermediate and final goods.
• Import or buy services from outside of Canada
  Include services received virtually and in person.
  e.g., software, cloud services, legal services, environmental services, architectural services, digital advertising
• Relocate any business or organizational activities or employees from another country into Canada
  Exclude temporary foreign workers.
• Engage in other international business or organizational activities
  OR
• None of the above

4. Over the next three months, how are each of the following expected to change for this business or organization?

Exclude seasonal factors or conditions.

• Number of employees
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Vacant positions
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Sales of goods and services offered by this business or organization
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Selling price of goods and services offered by this business or organization
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Demand for goods and services offered by this business or organization
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Imports
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Exports
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Operating income
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Operating expenses
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Profitability
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Cash reserves
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Capital expenditures
  e.g., machinery, equipment
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Training expenditures
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Marketing and advertising budget
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know
• Expenditures in research and development
  • Increase
  • Stay about the same
  • Decrease
  • Not applicable
  • Don't know

Business or organization obstacles

5. Over the next three months, which of the following are expected to be obstacles for this business or organization?

Select all that apply.

• Shortage of labour force
• Recruiting skilled employees
• Recruiting employees who can work in both English and French
• Recruiting employees who can work in French
• Retaining skilled employees
• Shortage of space or equipment
• Rising cost of inputs
  An input is an economic resource used in a firm's production process.
  e.g., labour, capital, energy and raw materials
• Rising costs in real estate, leasing or property taxes
• Rising inflation
• Rising interest rates and debt costs
  e.g., borrowing fees, interest payments
• Difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from within Canada
• Difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from abroad
• Maintaining inventory levels
• Insufficient demand for goods or services offered
• Fluctuations in consumer demand
• Attracting new or returning customers
• Cost of insurance
• Transportation costs
• Obtaining financing
• Increasing competition
• Challenges related to exporting or selling goods and services outside of Canada
• Maintaining sufficient cash flow or managing debt
• Other
  • Specify other:
  OR
• None of the above

Flow condition: If "Shortage of labour force", "Recruiting skilled employees", "Recruiting employees who can work in both English and French", "Recruiting employees who can work in French", or "Retaining skilled employees" is selected in Q5, go to Q6. Otherwise, go to Q7.

Labour challenges

6. Compared with 12 months ago, how would this business or organization describe its challenges with recruiting and retaining staff?

• More challenging than 12 months ago
• About the same
• Less challenging than 12 months ago
• Don't know

Flow condition: If "Difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from within Canada", "Difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from abroad", or "Maintaining inventory levels" is selected in Q5, go to Q7. Otherwise, go to Q11.

Supply chain challenges

7. How long does this business or organization expect the following to continue to be an obstacle?

• Difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from within Canada
  • Less than 3 months
  • 3 months to less than 6 months
  • 6 months to less than 12 months
  • 12 months or more
  • Don't know
• Difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from abroad
  • Less than 3 months
  • 3 months to less than 6 months
  • 6 months to less than 12 months
  • 12 months or more
  • Don't know
• Maintaining inventory levels
  • Less than 3 months
  • 3 months to less than 6 months
  • 6 months to less than 12 months
  • 12 months or more
  • Don't know

8. Over the last three months, how have supply chain challenges experienced by this business or organization changed?

Supply chain challenges include difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from within Canada or abroad and difficulty maintaining inventory levels.
Exclude seasonal factors or conditions.

• Supply chain challenges have worsened
  • Which of the following factors have contributed to these challenges?
    Select all that apply.
    • Increased prices of inputs, products or supplies
    • Increased delays in deliveries of inputs, products or supplies
    • Supply shortages resulted in fewer inputs, products or supplies being available
    • Supply shortages resulted in no inputs, products or supplies available
    • Other
      • Specify other:
      OR
    • Don't know
• Supply chain challenges have remained about the same
• Supply chain challenges have improved

9. Over the next three months, how does this business or organization expect supply chain challenges to change?

Supply chain challenges include difficulty acquiring inputs, products or supplies from within Canada or abroad and difficulty maintaining inventory levels.

Exclude seasonal factors or conditions.

• Supply chain challenges are expected to worsen
• Supply chain challenges are expected to remain about the same
• Supply chain challenges are expected to improve

Supply chain

10. Over the next 12 months, does this business or organization plan to make any of the following adjustments to its supply chain?

Select all that apply.

• Relocate supply chain activities to Canada
• Relocate supply chain activities outside of Canada
• Substitute inputs, products or supplies with alternate inputs, products or supplies
• Shift to local suppliers
• Partner with new suppliers
• Work with suppliers to improve timeliness
• Implement technological improvements
• Invest in research and development projects to identify alternate inputs, products, supplies, or production processes
• Other
  • Specify other:
  OR
• Don't know
  OR
• None of the above

Display condition: If "Export or sell goods outside of Canada", "Export or sell services outside of Canada", "Import or buy goods from outside of Canada", or "Import or buy services from outside of Canada" is selected in Q3, display "Suppliers outside of Canada" in Q11.

11. Please provide the number of direct suppliers this business or organization has that are located in Canada (domestic) and outside of Canada (foreign).

Direct suppliers are the businesses from which materials, parts, components, goods for sale are being purchased.
Please provide your best estimate. If the business or organization does not purchase materials, parts, components, or goods from any direct suppliers, enter '0'.

Supplier(s) in Canada:
OR
Don't know

Supplier(s) outside of Canada:
OR
Don't know

Flow condition: If the number of suppliers in Canada or outside Canada is greater than 0 in Q11, go to Q12. Otherwise, go to Q13.

12. How many of this business' or organization's direct suppliers are difficult to replace?

Difficult to replace suppliers are suppliers that this business or organization would not be able to replace without significant disruption or delays to operations.
Please provide your best estimate.

Of the suppliers located in Canada, how many are difficult to replace?
Supplier(s) in Canada difficult to replace:
OR
Don't know

Of the suppliers located outside of Canada, how many are difficult to replace?
Supplier(s) outside of Canada difficult to replace:
OR
Don't know

Flow condition: If the business or organization is a private sector business or non-profit organization, go to Q13. Otherwise, go to Q14.

Expectations for the next year

13. Over the next 12 months, does this business or organization plan to do any of the following?

Select all that apply.

• Expand current location of this business or organization
• Expand operations of this business or organization internationally
• Expand operations of this business or organization into a new province or territory within Canada
• Move operations of this business or organization to another province or territory within Canada entirely
• Expand this business or organization to other locations within the same province
• Expand this business or organization without increasing physical space
  i.e., hiring more staff who will work remotely
• Restructure this business or organization
  Restructuring involves changing the financial, operational, legal or other structures of the business or organization to make it more efficient or more profitable.
• Acquire other businesses, organizations or franchises
• Invest in other businesses or organizations
• Merge with other businesses or organizations
• Scale down operations of this business or organization to within a single province or territory within Canada
  OR
• Don't know
  OR
• None of the above

Flow condition: If the business or organization is a private sector business, go to Q14. Otherwise, go to Q15.

14. Over the next 12 months, are there any plans to transfer, sell or close this business?

• Yes
  • Does this business plan to:
    • Transfer to family members without money changing hands
    • Sell to family members
    • Sell to employees
    • Sell to external parties
    • Close the business
    • Don't know
• No
• Don't know

Interprovincial activities

15. Over the last 12 months, did this business or organization conduct any of the following interprovincial activities?

Select all that apply.

• Export or sell goods to another province or territory
  Include both intermediate and final goods.
• Export or sell services to another province or territory
  Include services delivered virtually and in person
  e.g., software, cloud services, legal services, environmental services, architectural services, digital advertising
• Import or buy goods from another province or territory
  Include both intermediate and final goods.
• Import or buy services from another province or territory
  Include services received virtually and in person.
  e.g., software, cloud services, legal services, environmental services, architectural services, digital advertising
  OR
• Don't know
  OR
• None of the above due to obstacles in conducting business in another province or territory
  OR
• None of the above due to no interest in conducting business in another province or territory

Flow condition: If at least one of the categories "Export or sell goods to another province or territory", "Export or sell services to another province or territory", "Import or buy goods from another province or territory", or "Import or buy services from another province or territory" is selected in Q15, go to Q16. Otherwise, go to Q17.

16. Over the last 12 months, which of the following provinces or territories did this business or organization directly export or import goods or services to or from?

Select all that apply.

• Newfoundland and Labrador
• Prince Edward Island
• Nova Scotia
• New Brunswick
• Quebec
• Ontario
• Manitoba
• Saskatchewan
• Alberta
• British Columbia
• Yukon
• Northwest Territories
• Nunavut
  OR
• Don't know

Flow condition: If at least one of the categories "Export or sell goods to another province or territory", "Export or sell services to another province or territory", "Import or buy goods from another province or territory", "Import or buy services from another province or territory", or "None of the above due to obstacles in conducting business in another province or territory" is selected in Q15, go to Q17. Otherwise, go to Q18.

17. Over the last 12 months, for this business or organization, which of the following were obstacles experienced when purchasing or selling goods or services interprovincially?

Select all that apply.

• Differing provincial or territorial certification, permit, or licensing requirements for goods or services exported or imported by the business or organization
• Differing provincial or territorial certification, permit, or professional licensing requirements for labour
• Differing provincial or territorial inspection, safety or technical standards
• Regulations limit or prohibit purchase or sale of the good or service interprovincially
• Insufficient information available on provincial or territorial regulations
• Tariffs or taxes on the purchase or sale of the good or service
• Inability to keep up with demand from buyers
• Geography or distance
• Labour shortages
• Lack of understanding or awareness of business operations in other provinces or territories
• Lack of knowledge on opportunities or domestic markets in other provinces or territories
• Other
  • Specify other:
  OR
• Don't know
  OR
• None of the above

Environmental activities

18. Which of the following environmental practices does this business or organization have currently in place or plan to implement over the next 12 months?

Select all that apply.

• Reducing waste
• Reducing energy or water consumption
  e.g., sensor lights, LED lights, automated faucets
• Encouraging employees to adopt environmentally friendly practices
  e.g., teleworking, using public transit, recycling
• Using recycled or waste materials as inputs
• Implement green processes
  e.g., reduce transportation impacts and building impacts
• Using one or more clean energy sources
  e.g., hydroelectricity, solar, wind
• Choosing suppliers based on their environmentally responsible practices or products
• Designing products or services to have a minimal impact on the environment
  e.g., eco-design that considers the product's lifecycle
• Performing carbon sequestration activities
  e.g., planting trees, purchasing carbon credits
• Measuring the business' or organization's environmental footprint
• Obtaining or maintaining one or more eco-responsible certifications
• Being zero waste
• Having a written environmental policy
• Hiring an external auditor to evaluate the business' or organization's environmental practices
• Other environmental practices
  OR
• None of the above

19. Over the next 12 months, which of the following could be barriers for this business or organization when adopting more green practices?

Select all that apply.

• Lack of financial resources
• Clients are not willing to pay a higher price
• Time constraints or labour limitations
• The business or organization has industry limitations when adopting green practices
• Locational or on-site limitations
  Include geographic location limitations and leasing limitations.
• Limited by corporate directives
• Metrics to measure sustainability or going green are too confusing
• COVID-19
• Other
  • Specify other:
  OR
• None of the above
  i.e., the business or organization has no barriers or no plans to adopt green practices

Languages of services

20. Over the last 12 months, in which languages did this business or organization provide the following services or perform the following activities?

Website
Select all that apply.

• English
• French
• Other language
  OR
• Not applicable
  OR
• Don't know

Marketing and advertising
Select all that apply.

• English
• French
• Other language
  OR
• Not applicable
  OR
• Don't know

Outdoor signage
Select all that apply.

• English
• French
• Other language
  OR
• Not applicable
  OR
• Don't know

Indoor signage
Select all that apply.

• English
• French
• Other language
  OR
• Not applicable
  OR
• Don't know

Customer service
Select all that apply.

• English
• French
• Other language
  OR
• Not applicable
  OR
• Don't know

Sales
Select all that apply.

• English
• French
• Other language
  OR
• Not applicable
  OR
• Don't know

Exports
Select all that apply.

• English
• French
• Other language
  OR
• Not applicable
  OR
• Don't know

External communications
Include media releases.
Select all that apply.

• English
• French
• Other language
  OR
• Not applicable
  OR
• Don't know

Internal communications
Select all that apply.

• English
• French
• Other language
  OR
• Not applicable
  OR
• Don't know

Display condition: If "Not applicable" is selected for "Sales" in Q20, do not display "Sales positions" in Q21. If "Not applicable" is selected for "Customer service" in Q20, do not display "Customer service positions" in Q21.

Languages of work

21. For each of the employment categories below, please provide the distribution of positions in this business or organization required to be bilingual in English and French.

Note: Press the help button (?) for additional information.

(?) For a smaller business or organization, a senior management position could be the owner or operator.
For a larger business or organization, senior management positions may include: Executive Director, President, Vice-President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer, General Manager, Chairperson, or Corporate Controller.
Employees in senior management positions are responsible for developing and establishing the directions and goals for the business or organization. They are responsible for managing the staff and finances of the business or organization. They may also plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the operations of the business or organization in relation to established objectives.
All other management positions are defined as all other managers, excluding senior managers.

If the business or organization does not require bilingual employees in an employment category, please enter '0'.
Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

All positions
Percentage of employees in all positions required to be bilingual in English and French:

Senior management positions
Percentage of employees in senior management positions required to be bilingual in English and French:
OR
This business or organization does not have senior management positions

All other management positions
Percentage of employees in all other management positions required to be bilingual in English and French:
OR
This business or organization does not have other management positions

Sales positions
Exclude management positions.
Percentage of employees in sales positions required to be bilingual in English and French:
OR
This business or organization does not have sales positions

Customer service positions
Exclude management positions.
Percentage of employees in customer service positions required to be bilingual in English and French:
OR
This business or organization does not have customer service positions

Business or organization practices

22. Which of the following practices does this business or organization currently have in place or plan to implement over the next 12 months?

Select all that apply.

• Practices to support diversity
  e.g., gender, sexual orientation, immigrants to Canada, Indigenous peoples, persons with a disability, visible minorities
• Practices to support safety
• Practices to support work-life balance
• Practices to support mental health and wellness
• Other
  • Specify other:
  OR
• Don't know
  OR
• None of the above

Long-term policies and practices

23. Does this business or organization have any policies or practices that have been implemented due to COVID-19 that will remain long-term?

Select all that apply.

• Health and safety policies and practices
  Include policies and practices on illness, cleaning, and disinfecting.
• Option to work from home or hybrid
• Online ordering
• Adjusting travel policies
• Reduce the physical space used by this business or organization
• Increase the physical space used by this business or organization
• Online training
• Other
  • Specify other:
  OR
• Don't know
  OR
• None of the above

Digital technologies

24. Over the next 12 months, how likely is it that this business or organization will adopt automation and digital technologies which may reduce hiring?

e.g., on-line sales and social media platforms, kiosks and robots, which may reduce hiring

• Very likely
• Somewhat likely
• Somewhat unlikely
• Very unlikely
• Don't know

Increased demand

25. Over the next three months, how challenging would it be for this business or organization to meet an increase in demand?

• A major challenge
• A moderate challenge
• A minor challenge
• Not a challenge
• Don't know

Business growth

26. Over the next three years, what is the expected average yearly growth for this business or organization?

Please provide your best estimate.

Round yearly growth to the nearest whole number.

The next three years refer to 2022, 2023 and 2024.

• Less than 0%
  i.e., negative revenue growth
• 0%
  i.e., no growth
  • Why is this business or organization not expecting any growth?
    Select all that apply.
    • Satisfied with current level of revenue
    • Don't think economic environment can support significant growth
    • Intense competition
    • Challenging to hire staff
    • Other
      • Specify other:
        OR
    • Don't know
• Between 1% and 5% per year
• Between 6% and 10% per year
• Between 11% and 15% per year
• Between 16% and 19% per year
• 20% or more per year
• Not applicable
  i.e., this business or organization will not exist
• Don't know

COVID-19 Rapid Testing

(i) COVID-19 Rapid Test kits are self-testing kits that are used to assess and monitor the infection status of individuals with or without symptoms. Typically such kits provide a result within 15 minutes and can be used by employers to screen for COVID-19 among employees in settings where in-person work is required. Positive test results typically require confirmation by more accurate laboratory-based tests administered by public health authorities.

27. Over the last month, has this business or organization used COVID-19 Rapid Test kits to test on-site employees for COVID-19 infection?

e.g., periodic testing of employees with or without symptoms

• Yes
  • Over the last month, what percentage of this business' or organization's on-site employees was tested using a COVID-19 Rapid Test kit at least once?
    Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.
    • Percentage:
    • Don't know
  • Over the last month, on average, how frequently were employees at this business or organization tested using COVID-19 Rapid Test kits?
    • Less than once a week
    • Once a week
    • Twice a week
    • More than twice a week
  • Over the last month, what benefits of using COVID-19 Rapid Test kits has this business or organization experienced?
    Select all that apply.
    • Reducing and monitoring transmission of COVID-19 in the workplace
    • Earlier detection of positive cases
    • Employees felt more confident coming to work on-site
    • Preventing outbreaks
    • Avoiding business closure
    • Other
      • Specify other:
    • Don't know
    • None of the above
  • How likely is this business or organization to continue rapid testing in the workplace if the business or organization needs to purchase COVID-19 Rapid Test kits?
    • Very likely
    • Somewhat likely
    • Somewhat unlikely
    • Very unlikely
    • Don't know

• No
  • In the next three months, does this business or organization plan to use COVID-19 Rapid Test kits to test on-site employees for COVID-19 infection?
    • Yes
    • No
    • Don't know
• Not applicable to this business or organization
  e.g., all employees work remotely

Debt

28. Does this business or organization have the ability to take on debt?

• Yes
• No
• Don't know

Working arrangements

29. Over the next three months, what percentage of the employees of this business or organization is anticipated to do each of the following?

Exclude staff that are primarily engaged in providing driving or delivery services or staff that primarily work at client premises.

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

If the percentages are unknown, leave the question blank.

1. Work on-site exclusively
   Percentage of employees:
2. Work on-site most hours
   Percentage of employees:
3. Work the same amount of hours on-site and remotely
   Percentage of employees:
4. Work remotely most hours
   Percentage of employees:
5. Work remotely exclusively
   Percentage of employees:

Future outlook

30. Over the next 12 months, what is the future outlook for this business or organization?

• Very optimistic
• Somewhat optimistic
• Somewhat pessimistic
• Very pessimisticy
• Don't know

Flow condition: If the business or organization is a private sector business, go to Q31. Otherwise, go to "Contact person".

Ownership

(i) The groups identified within the following questions are included in order to gain a better understanding of businesses owned by members of various communities across Canada.

31. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by women?

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:
OR
Don't know

32. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by First Nations, Métis or Inuit peoples?

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:
OR
Don't know

33. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by immigrants to Canada?

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:
OR
Don't know

34. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by persons with a disability?

Include visible and non-visible disabilities.

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:
OR
Don't know

35. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by LGBTQ2 individuals?

The term LGBTQ2 refers to persons who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and/or two-spirited.

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:
OR
Don't know

36. What percentage of this business or organization is owned by members of visible minorities?

A member of a visible minority in Canada may be defined as someone (other than an Indigenous person) who is non-white in colour or race, regardless of place of birth.

Provide your best estimate rounded to the nearest percentage.

Percentage:
OR
Don't know

Flow condition: If more than 50% of this business or organization is owned by members of visible minorities, go to Q37. Otherwise, go to "Contact person".

37. It was indicated that 51% or more of this business or organization is owned by members of visible minorities. Please select the categories that describe the owner or owners.

Select all that apply.

• South Asian
  e.g., East Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan
• Chinese
• Black
• Filipino
• Latin American
• Arab
• Southeast Asian
  e.g., Vietnamese, Cambodian, Laotian, Thai
• West Asian
  e.g., Afghan, Iranian
• Korean
• Japanese
• Other group
  • Specify other group:
  OR
• Prefer not to say